A Correlation Tracking Algorithm Based on Template Partition Motion Estimation

A correlation tracking algorithm based on template partition motion estimation proposed for improving real time performance of the conventional correlation matching algorithms. The target trajectory fitted using the least square with equal space in whole interval and the target prediction point is found out. According to the requirements of block motion estimation （BME） algorithm, the template divided into some macro blocks. The searching process is conducted by using diamond search algorithm around the prediction point and the optimal motion vector of each block is calculated. A point corresponding to the motion vector with the best matching is taken as a rough matching point of the template. The rela- tion of relative position between the block with matching point and the searching area determined to decide whether to conduct precise matching search or to construct a new search area in the gradient direction. The target tracking experiment results show that over 70 % time cost can be reduced caompared with the conventional correlation matching algorithm based on full search method.     

Analysis of workload of tank crew under the conditions of informatization

A consensus has been reached that the tanks need to be integrated into the informatization battlefield. With the development of technology, the tank crew has being gradually decreased, so the research on two-soldier crew tank has become a hotspot. The workload of tank crew under the conditions of informatization is analyzed based on the combat mission of tank and the typical combat scenarios, and the impact of new technologies on workload is evaluated. The crew members in tank can be reduced from three to two, but it is necessary to substantially improve the automation of target search and the reliability of each subsystem and component.     

Unobservable Problem of Target Tracking with Bearing-only Measurements in 3-dimensional Space

The bearings-only tracking （BOT） system is said to be observability if and only if the target motion parameters can be uniquely determined by noise-free bearing measurements. By utilizing the method of orthogonal vectors and charac- teristic of linear matrix equation, the problem of observability for BOT in noise-free bearings measurements from single ob- server is discussed based on the target and observer traveling in the 3-dimensional space. A proposition that BOT for target and observer traveling in the 3-dimenslonal space with constant acceleration remains unsolvable is presented and proved. By proving the proposition, it is also shown that some, motion parameter ratios of target can be estimated under certain condition satisfied by measurements and time samples. The proposition is extended to arbitrary rank of manoeuvre for the observer and the target, which BOT remains unobservable property while the rank of target manoeuvre is higher than that of the observer manoeuvre. The theoretical analysis of this paper provides the guidelines for how the observer trajectory should be formulated to avoid unobservable state for BOT in practice application.     

Torpedo＇s Search Trajectory Design Based on Acquisition and Hit Probability Calculation

Taking aim at light torpedo search trajectory characteristic of warship, by analyzing common used torpedo search trajectory, a better torpedo search trajectory is designed, a mathematic model is built up, and the simulation calculation taking MK46 torpedo for example is carried out. The calculation results testify that this method can increase acquisition probability and hit probability by about 10 % - 30 % at some situations and becomes feasible for the torpedo trajectory design. The research is of great reference value for the acoustic homing torpedo trajectory design and the torpedo combat efficiency research.     

Improvement of Intercept Probability Algorithm for Anti-ship Missile Based on Search Theory

Traditional intercept probability model has some drawbacks and can not meet the demands of command and control system. Aiming at this problem, a new calculation method based on search theory, terminal control area distribution function of anti-ship missile, target distribution function and missile's radar scan feature is proposed. Under the condition of common target distribution, an intercept probability model for present point attacking is determined. The simulation verifies its effectiveness and establishes the selecting model for aiming point when enemy ships evade in high speed.     

Studies on the High Resolution DOA Estimation for UUV Based on Synthetic Aperture Technique

To increase the limited spatial processing gain of physical aperture of UUV （unmanned underwater vehicle） linear array and satisfy the demand of long distance target detection, a flank array based on the synthetic aperture technique is introduced into UUV, and a modified beam domain passive synthetic aperture processing algorithm （BDPSA） suitable for the flank array is proposed concurrently, which sums the beamforming of linear array coherently for successive measurement after phase compensation to make the beam output peak corresponding to the expected target bearing, expand the array aperture effectively and improve the resolution. The simulation of detection probability and distinguishing probability for double targets within 1, 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4 beam-width shows that the method of BDPSA has lower SNR threshold for target distinguishing, improves the detection probability and distinguishing probability under low SNR, and realizes the long-distance and high resolution bearing estimation because of the obvious improvement of the spatial array gain.     

A Classification Algorithm for Ground Moving Targets Based on Magnetic Sensors

A novel classification algorithm based on abnormal magnetic signals is proposed for ground moving targets which are made of ferromagnetic material. According to the effect of diverse targets on earth's magnetism,the moving targets are detected by a magnetic sensor and classified with a simple computation method. The detection sensor is used for collecting a disturbance signal of earth magnetic field from an undetermined target. An optimum category match pattern of target signature is tested by training some statistical samples and designing a classification machine. Three ordinary targets are researched in the paper. The experimental results show that the algorithm has a low computation cost and a better sorting accuracy. This classification method can be applied to ground reconnaissance and target intrusion detection.     

Detection Algorithm for LFM Echo of Underwater Moving Targets Based on Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform

The mismatch between echo and replica caused by underwater moving target（UMT）＇s radial velocity degrades the detection performance of the matched filter（MF） for the linear frequency modulation（LFM） signal. By using the focusing property of fractional Fourier transform（FRFT） to that signal, a detection algorithm for UMT＇s LFM echo based on the discrete fractional Fourier transform（DFRFT） is proposed. This algorithm is less affected by the target＇s radial velocity compared with the other MF detection algorithm utilizing zero radial velocity replica（ZRVR）, and the mathematical relation between the output peak positions of these two algorithms exists in the case of existence of target echo. The algorithm can also estimate the target distance by using this relation. The simulation and experiment show that this algorithm＇s detection performance is better than or equivalent to that of the other MF algorithm utilizing ZRVR for the LFM echo of UMT with unknown radial velocity under reverberation noise background.     

Cooperative Search and Task Allocation Among Heterogeneous Teams of UAVs

A cooperative control method of multi-class UAV（unmanned air vehicle） team is investigated.During the mission,the UAVs perform search,classification,attack and battle damage assessment（BDA） tasks at various locations,which involves a combination of the team intelligence type of decision making combined with control,estimate and real-time trajectory optimization.The search-theoretic approach based on rate of return（ROR） maps is developed to get the cooperative search strategy.Templates are developed and views are combined to maximize the probability of correct target identification over various aspect angles.Monte Carle simulation runs for the scenario to evaluate the performance of the approach with various decision parameters,UAVs distributions and UAV team characteristics.Simulation results show that the cooperative behavior can significantly improve the operational effectiveness of UAV team,and the cooperative control allows for near optimal solution of the correlative behavior of a group of UAVs in battlefield.     

Pautomatic Sea Target Detection Based on Wavelet Transform

An effective automatic target detection algorithm based on wavelet transform, which takes advantage of the localization and the orientation of wavelet analysis, is proposed. The algorithm detects the target in the vertical component of the wavelet transformation of the image. After mutual energy combination and sea clutter suppression through spatial weighting and thresholding, the target is located through maximum energy determination and its size is indicated through similarity measurement function of two overlapping windows. Experiment results show that the target can be detected by the algorithm in a single image frame and the better efficiency can be obtained also under the complicated backgrounds of existing the disturbances of cloud layer and fish scale light.     

对运动目标螺旋搜索模式分析

对运动目标搜索是军事系统工程的ー个重要内容,其在很多领域具有广泛应用,如对潜艇搜索、对失事舰船飞机搜救、制导武器捜索捕捉目标等。用运动学和数学的有关知识分析了目标定速直航运动时的分布函数以及搜索者与目标可相遇的条件,提出了对运动目标按螺旋线搜索的另ー种证明方法,建立了直线搜索时目标可能位置点的数学模型,并以此为依据分析了对运动目标螺旋搜索模式的ー个误区。     

基于模式搜索的导弹目标分配方法研究

提出了基于模式搜索的导弹目标分配问题的求解方法.该问题是一个带约束的非线性整数规划问题,采用传统模式搜索求解可能产生非整数解以及陷入局部最优.通过设置模式搜索的终止条件和引入变异操作,克服了上述问题.实践表明,该算法运算速度快,效率高,鲁棒性好,可用于导弹目标分配的决策模型.     

基于先验目标分布的磁探仪应召搜潜最佳圆周搜索半径研究

为提高反潜巡逻机利用磁探仪执行应召螺旋搜潜的搜潜效能,运用概率论和最优搜索理论对最佳圆周搜索半径进行研究.综合考虑目标初始位置、航速和航向等分布的特点,建立了磁探仪圆周搜潜概率的解析模型,据此推导出最佳圆周搜索半径.根据飞行线路模拟算法,结合反潜巡逻机的机动性能,建立了反潜巡逻机利用磁探仪执行螺旋搜潜时的航路规划的数学...     

基于自适应遗传算法的连续时空最优搜索路径规划研究

针对连续时空最优搜索者路径问题,利用随机微分方程描述Markov运动目标,建立了同时优化搜索者方向和速度的规划模型,并考虑了搜索速度对探测能力的影响。设计了一种新颖的自适应变异遗传算法,算法采用较高的变异概率作用于父代精英个体组,通过引入3种控制因子对变异方向和幅度进行自适应控制,动态调节局部搜索和全局搜索的平衡。在对方向未知的逃离目标搜索算例中,得到了近似对数螺旋曲线的搜索路径;在直升机搜索多目标的路径规划中,提供了合理有效的搜索方案。算法对比表明所给出的算法在全局优化能力和稳定性上有明显的优势,适用于求解连续搜索路径规划问题。     

吊放声纳螺旋形应召搜潜效能仿真研究

吊放声纳是目前反潜直升机有效搜潜的主要设备之一。建立了蒙特卡洛法模型对双机螺旋线形应召搜潜概率进行了仿真,重点仿真计算了反潜直升机在一定条件下搜潜时潜艇最大航速、吊放声纳间隔系数、搜索航线螺旋系数和起始搜索点对搜潜概率的影响,并给出了仿真结果分析,得出的相关结论可为反潜直升机作战战术决策提供理论依据。     

基于多蚁群系统的多无人机协同目标搜索方法

针对多UAV协同搜索问题,建立了基于搜索概率图的UAV环境信息描述模型,提出了一种基于多蚁群算法的协同目标搜索算法。该算法由多个蚂蚁种群构成,每个蚂蚁种群负责搜索一架无人机的路径。蚂蚁个体在搜索路径时通过其所在群体的信息素的引导以趋向最优路径,同时,受到来自其它种群的信息素的排斥作用进而避免无效搜索。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地实现多UAV之间的协同,实现路径搜索,减少路径交叠,提高了搜索效能。     

对搜索雷达不等间隔采样问题的分析

在对搜索雷达采样数据的使用过程中,通常认为数据是基于等间隔采样得到的,但实际采样过程中,由 于目标与搜索雷达间存在相对位移,使得搜索雷达针对某一目标的采样数据间隔并不相等,将不等间隔采样数据近 似为等间隔采样数据处理会造成原理性误差。为得到实际的采样间隔,提出利用迭代算法计算不同航迹运动目标的 实际采样间隔。在分析搜索雷达对目标进行搜索和对目标信息进行采样处理过程的基础上,仿真分析不等间隔采样 对运动目标速度信息提取产生的影响,并以一匀速运动目标为例讨论将实际非等间隔采样数据近似为等间隔处理对 目标速度的影响。计算结果表明：搜索雷达对目标的实际采样间隔与目标飞行方向、目标与雷达距离以及目标速度 等存在一定的关联。该分析计算方法对于提高搜索雷达对运动目标的测量精度有一定参考价值。     

基于马尔可夫过程的水下运动目标启发式搜索

在对启发式搜索算法进行研究的基础上,建立了水下目标的马尔可夫过程运动模型,将启发式搜索算法应用于对水下运动目标的搜索,研究了基于马尔可夫过程的运动目标启发式搜索算法。该算法由已知的目标先验位置分布信息不断地对目标的运动位置进行估计、更新,以获得精确的目标后验分布,再利用启发函数得到下一步的最佳搜索节点。仿真分析表明:在对水下运动目标搜索时,启发式搜索优于扩展方形搜索和平行搜索,有效地改善了搜索时间和搜索效率。     

基于Levy飞行的蜂拥控制算法在目标跟踪中的应用

为解决较大区域内移动智能体对目标的跟踪问题,提高收敛速度,优化跟踪效果,提出基于Levy飞行的蜂拥控制算法。利用Levy飞行的特性,在移动智能体群体中加入搜索智能体,采用Levy飞行策略对目标进行搜索,智能体根据周围邻居和所能感知到的目标信息调整自身运动。仿真验证表明：与不具有搜索智能体的蜂拥控制算法相比,该模型搜索目标的速度更快,跟踪效果更好,适用于大区域内移动智能体的目标跟踪。     

基于协同进化算法的多舰扩方应召反潜搜索方法

反潜作战是现代海战中水面舰艇的主要作战任务之一,对潜搜索行动是水面舰艇反潜作战的重要组成部分,是实施对潜攻击的前提和保证.针对目前常规多舰扩方搜索方法存在搜索效率低、协同能力弱的问题,对现有的2种多舰扩方搜索样式进行协同路径优化.根据舰艇声呐搜索原理以及实际反潜战术的应用,以在固定搜索时长内使得搜索效能最大为目标,建立了2种搜索样式最优协同路径问题的数学规划模型,给出了运用改进的协同进化算法规划多艘舰艇搜索路径的具体求解过程,并通过仿真实验得到不同搜索样式下的多舰协同最优搜索路径.结果表明:该方法具有搜索范围大、搜索效率高的特点,相比常规方法具有较大优势,适用于解决多舰扩方反潜搜索路径规划问题.