甲基紫试验用于长贮发射药安全性检测的可行性探讨

用加热试验和化学分析法测定了三种老化单基药、三种老化双基药及一种三基药分别在134.5℃和120℃甲基紫试验中甲基紫试纸的变色时间(tc)和发射药中安定剂含量随老化时间(ta)的变化。用方差检验分析了tc-ta关系数据。结果表明,tc-ta关系对单基药是显著的,对双基药和三基药不显著。认为甲基紫不适用于检验双基药和三基药的安定性。     

新型改性双基推进剂化学安定性与贮存寿命

新型高燃速改性双基推进剂由于配方中含有较多的硝化甘油和新型的燃烧催化剂,其化学安定性比一般双基推进剂安定性差一些,特别是试验温度较高时,这种差别更为明显,但是在100℃左右的温度下,其试验结果与171火药相似,本文通过采用不同的方法对这种推进剂的安定性进行了测试,预估这种新型的改性双基推进剂的安全贮存寿命可达15年以上.     

多元型红外探测器

利用高性能红外图像系统开发了工作波段为８～１０μｍ的混合型４８０×２元的锑镉贡（ＨｇＣｄＴｅ）红外焦平面阵（ＩＲＦＰＡ）。所用光电二极管阵在截止波长１０．５μｍ时，具有平均零偏压电阻３．８ＭΩ，分流电阻１００ＭΩ以上的特性。Ｓｉ信号读出电路的输入端具有分离和分割功能。处理电荷量为４×１０７电子以上。试制的ＩＰＦＰＡ的特性为在８０Ｋ工作时，用Ｆ／１．２光学系统，平均灵敏度为６．４×１０１０ｃｍＨｚ１／２／Ｗ。     

多层喷射沉积制备大型厚壁耐热铝合金管坯

采用多层喷射沉积装置与技术制备 外 6 5 0 / 内 3 6 0× 12 0 0mm的大型厚壁Al- 8.5Fe - 1.3V - 1.7Si耐热铝合金管坯 ,冷却速度高 ,组织细小 ,且壁厚增加对组织影响不大 ;多层喷射沉积耐热铝合金管坯挤压后室温强度 σb 可达 445MPa ,350℃高温强度σb 达1 95MPa ,远高于Osprey工艺制备的同类材料制品。     

复合球形药对改性双基推进剂力学性能和燃烧性能的影响

将RDX、铝粉、催化剂等用硝化棉包覆,制成复合球形药,然后用这种复合球形药制备出改性双基推进剂,测试了这种推进剂的力学性能和燃烧性能。结果表明,采用复合球形药制备的改性双基推进剂比用双基球形药制备的改性双基推进剂的力学性能大幅度提高,低温断裂延伸率从7.84%提高到26.86%,高温最大拉伸强度提高了0.97倍,燃速压强指数从0.38降低到0.30。     

双基球扁药中的钝感剂迁移现象及其对燃烧性能的影响

为研究双基球扁药贮存过程中钝感剂的迁移现象,采用显微拉曼技术,表征了经加速老化后小分子钝感剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和高分子钝感剂聚新戊二醇己二酸酯(NA)在双基球扁药中的浓度分布状态;并利用密闭爆发器试验,测试了双基球扁药的燃烧性能。结果表明,在由表及里的一维方向上,钝感剂DBP、NA的浓度呈指数规律变化,符合Fick第二扩散定律;加速老化过程中,在双基球扁药中DBP的迁移是双向的,钝感剂分布的浓度梯度会逐渐降低,扩散深度增加,浓度峰值位置向内偏移,双基球扁药燃烧渐增性能也随之下降;高温会加剧钝感剂的迁移现象,65,75,85℃高温条件下老化10天的球扁药样品,其燃烧渐增性特征值分别为1.3351、1.2917、1.1888;随着温度的升高,双基球扁药的燃烧渐增性能下降幅度也随之加大;而在相同条件下,NA较DBP具有更好的抗迁移特性。     

铝-锌-镁合金的超塑性研究

通过Al-Zn-Mg合金1.5mm薄板的超塑预处理及其超塑拉伸试验的研究,认为该合金经热轧、480℃×2h固溶化、350℃×4h过时效、冷轧和再结晶后,含0.2～0.3％Zr合金的晶粒约为10μm,在540℃超塑拉伸时(ε=8.33×10~(-4)/S),延伸率可达650％,应变速度敏感指数m的最大值为0.6。     

双基发射药与底火剂的相容性

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和真空安定性法(VST)研究了两种双基发射药SB-1和SB-2与底火剂(WX-击发药)的相容性。DSC试验结果表明,在底火剂(WX-击发药)与双基发射药SB-1和SB-2的混合体系中底火剂的DSC分解峰温分别升高了8.8℃和7.4℃;VST试验结果也表明,该两混合体系的净增放气量ΔV均小于0.6mL.g-1,因此,认为两体系相容。从"局部化学"的观点分析讨论了混合体系DSC分解温度升高的原因,认为WX-击发药的DSC温度升高是分解过程受到挥发或气化的硝化甘油(NG)与叠氮硝胺(DA)气体的抑制。     

晶粒度对工业纯铁变形性能的影响

介绍工业纯铁的机械性能与合理的药形罩形成爆炸成形弹丸．（ＥＦＰ）的弹道性能之间的相互关系．研究的目的是通过优化药形罩材料改善ＥＦＰ的弹道性能．在准静态和动态拉伸载荷下，在应变率范围５×１０－４～１０４Ｓ－１和温度范围－１９６～８００℃内研究了三种不同晶粒度工业纯铁的机械性能。为了确定晶粒度和预加工对ＥＦＰ形状的影响，使用Ｂ混合炸药爆炸了７种质量工业纯铁药形罩．     

Bu-NENA/NC低感度双基推进剂性能研究

使用N-丁基硝氧乙基硝胺(Bu-NENA)全部替代硝化甘油(NG),通过无溶剂法制备了Bu-NENA/硝化纤维素(NC)双基推进剂,并对样品的感度、热分解特性、挥发性和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,Bu-NENA替代NG后,双基推进剂的特性落高H50由8.1 cm提高到27.1 cm,摩擦感度由94%降低到18%,机械感度大幅降低;起始分解温度和第一分解阶段峰温由120.31℃和151.54℃分别提高到144.58℃和179.47℃,均提高24℃以上;Bu-N EN A/N C双基推进剂在80,90,100℃下的挥发速率常数均低于NG/NC推进剂在对应温度下的挥发速率常数,推进剂的挥发性降低;高温(50℃)、常温(20℃)和低温(-40℃)下,Bu-N EN A/N C双基推进剂断裂伸长率均提高,尤其是低温断裂伸长率可达13.63%,是N G/N C推进剂的1.63倍。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Design and Analysis of Test Schemes of Static Postponing Time on Shrapnels Used to Riot Control

The test scheme of static postponing time given in our actual national military test standard on shrapnels used to control riot is a nine-point test scheme on the combined action of three kinds of temperatures and three kinds of pressures,the consumed ammunitions are more excessive. Statistic analysis and tentative checkout about a lot of test data are done,feasibility gists are put forward for optimizing of the test design scheme. The optimizing design and data analysis of test scheme of the item are done by managing uniformity design theory, two scientific and reasonable six-point test schemes are confirmed. The feasibility and reliability of the optimizing design schemes put forward above are proved ulteriorly by test validating. The gained schemes not only have good design uniformity and little ammunition wastage and meet the test demand, but also have better forecast ability for the result data of other points using the mathematic models from the actual test points.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.     

Expert Systems Aimed at General Design of Projectiles

Expert systems aimed at the general design of projectiles can implement a series of intelligent designs, such as the design of HE shell, the scheme expounded and proved, the emulation analysis and calculation, etc. Aiming at the product design feature, the expert system adopts the object-oriented knowledge representation and all kinds of inference control engines to describe and reason the relevant knowledge regarding the product through the microcomputer. It embodies the foundation of emulation analysis and simulated manufacturing of the shell. It makes use of the method that knowledge expression is combined with condition of inference to carry out the overall design and emulation and reference.The paper gives the ways through which the functions can be achieved, gives the modularization of reference and the design methods of systematization, puts forward the method of knowledge expression and working interface, and supplies a platform for similar products of the shell category that can be quickly designed.     

Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Combustion Field in the Combustion Chamber

In order to study the effect of rotation on the combustion in the underwater vehicle, a two-phase turbulent combustion process is described with Reynolds stress turbulence model, eddy-dissipation turbulent combustion model, P-1 radiation model and particle tracking model of liquid. The flow in the rotating combustion chamber is simulated at two different working speeds, 0 r/min and 1 000 r/min by Fluent software. The temperature, gas velocity, static pressure of wall and fuel concentration are computed and compared. The results show that the combustion in rotating combustor is faster and more effective.     

Software Communication Architecture Implementation and Its Waveform Application

This paper attempts to do a research on the development of software defined radio（SDR） based on software communication architecture（SCA）. Firstly, SCA is studied and a whole reference model of SCA3.0 core framework （CF） is realized; Secondly, an application-specific FM3TR waveform is implemented on the platform of common software based on the reference model; Thirdly, from the point of view of real-time performance and software reuse, tests and validations are made on the above realized CF reference model and FM3TR waveform. As a result, the SCA-compliant SDR has favorable interoperability and software portability and can satisfy the real-time performance requirements which are not too rigorous.     

Parameter Identification for the Valve Control Cylinder System of a Hydraulic Manipulator

In mechanical, hydraulic and electronic systems, the determination of system parameters is often challenging because liquid parameters often change significantly, due to variations in working and environmental conditions. Therefore, it is of significant practical importance to identify those parameters through experimental procedures. A systematic approach to identifying parameters in the valve controlling cylinder system of hydraulic manipulators is provided. It first derives the transfer function of the system, and then uses P control of PID control to predict system parameters. The predicted parameters are further validated using PID control. The prediction through simulation using MatLab language is utilized, which agrees well with experimental results.     

Design of Non-fragile Satisfactory Estimator for Linear Continuous Perturbed Stochastic Systems

The design problem of non-fragile estimator is addressed for a class of perturbed linear continuous systems. The perturbations occur on the plant and estimator parameters. The estimator designed should force the error system to achieve the desired decay rate and force the steady error variance less than the specified upper bound irrdevancy of the admissible plant perturbations and estimator perturbations. Consistency problem of the decay rate with the variance upper bound is first considered via linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach. The solution of the estimator parameter under specifications to be consistent is then discussed. The consistency condition of specifications and estimator parameter solution are transformed to feasible or minimum problems subject to a set of LMI respectively. The method is illustrated by a numerical example.