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乌鲁木齐地区太阳能集热器最佳倾角计算 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一引言 乌鲁木齐地区太阳能资源丰富,水平面上年太阳辐射总量达5000~6000MJ/m2,积极开发利用乌鲁木齐地区的太阳能资源是满足该地区持续增长的能源需求和节能降耗的重要途径. 相似文献
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拉萨太阳能集热器竖排安装最佳倾角分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
太阳能集热器的集热量与集热器的安装倾角有关。在竖排集热器朝正南向放置时,其集热量与集热器安装倾角之间存在一定的函数关系。结合拉萨地区典型年气象资料,通过对不同安装倾角真空管太阳能集热器在整个采暖季的集热量动态计算分析和寻优,结果表明:真空管型太阳能集热器在该地区的最佳倾角为46°,考虑到拉萨整个地区的纬度和气象条件不同,建议最佳安装倾角范围为40°~50°。 相似文献
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通过TRNSYS软件搭建了复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)集热器太阳能热水系统模型,对广州地区某小型别墅的太阳能热水系统进行了设计,并观察系统在1年(8760 h)中的运行情况。选取了系统在4个典型日的运行情况进行分析,得到了CPC集热器在春分日和冬至日的最高出口温度分别为67.5℃和68.2℃,在夏至日和秋分日的最高出口温度分别为85.7℃和83.3℃。CPC集热器的集热效率随进口流量的增大而增大,随进口温度的下降而升高;经测试,CPC集热器的最佳安装倾角为22°。对CPC集热器和平板集热器的集热性能进行比较后发现,二者的集热功率基本均随太阳辐照度的增加而增加,在冬至日12:00~15:00这个时段,CPC集热器的集热功率是平板集热器的1.5倍。 相似文献
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利用太阳辐射量和天空散射各向异性的模型,分析固定式光伏方阵最佳倾角,计算出7种不同倾角下的各月日总辐射量和平均日辐射量。在确定最佳倾角时,以夏半年和冬半年方阵面上接收到的平均日辐射量H1和H2为依据,呈现出H1和H2随倾角变化的曲线。结果表明,夏半年平均日辐射量H1随倾角的增大逐渐减小,冬半年的平均日辐射量H2随着倾角的增大呈现出先增后减的趋势,并在某个倾角处出现最大值。分别以张掖、拉萨、广州为例,计算上述地区不同倾斜面上的平均日辐射量,经过分析比较最终确定张掖、拉萨、广州地区的最佳倾角。 相似文献
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以工质流速为参变量对太阳能集热器长度的优化计算 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
依据槽形抛物镜──管簇结构腔体式吸收器太阳能集热器的热阻网络,和文中建立的集热器效率优化模型,以工作介质在管簇内流速为参变量,计算了集热器长度的最优设计值。 相似文献
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复合抛物面聚光器中的接收体多为翅片式玻璃真空管,该接收体不适合对气体介质进行聚光集热。文章设计了新型V形接收体复合抛物面聚光器,通过在单层玻璃管中嵌入V形不锈钢板,实现了聚焦太阳能的光热转化,提高了空气介质的温度。文章利用光学仿真软件对复合抛物面聚光器内光线的传播情况进行了模拟计算,并在实际天气条件下,测试了不同空气流速对V形接收体出口温度的影响,研究了聚光器内封闭空腔和玻璃盖板的温度变化趋势,通过计算得到了复合抛物面聚光器的集热效率。分析结果表明:接收体出口温度随着空气流速的减小而升高,当空气流速由3.03 m/s减小至1.03 m/s时,接收体出口最高温度由44.13℃升高至70.9℃;复合抛物面聚光器集热效率随着空气流速的增大而增大,当空气流速由1.03 m/s增大至3.03 m/s时,复合抛物面聚光器平均集热效率增加了47.91%。 相似文献
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基于2019年3月—2020年2月白银和敦煌光伏电站的实际观测数据,建立4种斜面辐射组合计算模型,在对模型预测精度检验的基础上,分析了电站当地不同倾角倾斜面辐射量的变化特征以及不同时段发电量与倾角大小之间的关系,同时提出3种最佳倾角选取方案并对输出的年总发电量进行对比,结果表明:1)4种组合模型预测效果均较为理想,白银电站4种组合模型各月平均RRMSE均低于8%,敦煌均低于9%。2)斜面总辐射与直接辐射9月之前随倾角增大呈现出递减趋势,大致表现为0°≈15°>30°>45°>60°>90°;9月之后则相反,表现为60°>45°>30°>15°>0°。散射辐射9月之前随倾角增大而减小,之后各倾角散射辐射差距不大,反射辐射始终随倾角增大而增大。各倾角直接辐射占总辐射比例最大,散射辐射次之,反射辐射最小;3)4种模型计算的最佳倾角较为接近,白银和敦煌年最佳倾角约为35°和38°,月最佳倾角变化曲线呈余弦型,白银和敦煌变化范围分别为4°~64°和6°~66°,白银夏、冬半年的最佳倾角分别约为16°和56°,敦煌分别约为19°和58°;4)为得到最大年输出总电量,建议电站选取方案Ⅱ每月调整阵列倾角,年总发电量较方案Ⅰ白银和敦煌可提高约5.3%和5.0%,条件不具备时可按方案Ⅲ每年至少调整2次阵列倾角,年总发电量较方案Ⅰ可增加约4.6%和4.1%。 相似文献
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A mathematical model based on one‐dimensional energy and mass balance across the solar chimney has been developed. The air flow characteristics such as exit velocity and temperature are evaluated with respect to the collector inclination angle, hourly solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind speed. The model is validated by comparing the performance parameters obtained, with the experimental results and also with the experimental data of different geometrical range and environmental conditions from the literature. An average deviation of 8% for exit air velocity and 1.35% for exit air temperature is obtained for the solar chimney with absorber inclination angle 30°, collector area 0.41 m2, and chimney height 0.24 m. The experimental daily average and maximum exit air velocity during the month of April are 0.5 and 0.88 m/s, respectively. The predicted optimum operating conditions are 75° inclination angle, 0.63 m2 absorber area, and 0.48‐m chimney height. The maximum average exit air velocity and temperature numerically obtained are 0.64 m/s and 331 K, respectively, when operating with optimum conditions. It is observed that the exit air velocity increases 33% by increasing the absorber area from 0.5 to 3 m2 for a solar chimney with 0.5 m height. An increase in exit air velocity of 52% was obtained by increasing the chimney height from 0.5 to 3 m for a solar chimney with 0.64 m2 absorber area. A reduction in exit air velocity of 4% was observed for the increment in wind flow over the glass cover from 1.5 to 3 m/s. These results confirm that the solar chimney could be designed based on the predicted monthly performance by the present model. 相似文献
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该文结合新疆地区昼夜大温差气候特性,在乌鲁木齐市搭建一套小型太阳能集热——天空辐射冷却两用系统,通过对比PE防风膜层数和测试不同流速工况下的系统运行结果来探究两用装置的集热/冷却潜力。试验结果表明:系统在日间集热模式下的最大进出口温升为6.40 ℃,最大瞬时集热功率为721.88 W/m2;夜间冷却模式下最大进出口温降为0.94 ℃,出口温度相对环境温降可达1.43 ℃,最大瞬时冷却功率为50.89 W/m2,这为其在实际中的工业集热应用和本地区的温湿度独立控制空调系统高温冷冻水制备提供可能。 相似文献
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太阳能空气集热器(Ⅰ型)的数学模型研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用数学模型化方法研究了太阳能空气集热器的集热传热性能,建立了基于二维假设下的流体流动和热量传递的稳定态数学模型,并用有限差分法进行数值求解,计算得到稳态下太阳能空气集热器的速度、温度分布图以及集热效率与空气流量、入口空气温度、入身太阳辐照度和表面盖板透过率的关系。结果表明,对I型太阳能空气集热器,集热效率随空气流量和表面盖板透过率的增加而增大,随入口空气温度和入射太阳辐照度的增大而减小。计算结果与 相似文献
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KIMIO KANAYAMA 《国际可持续能源杂志》2013,32(6):353-368
Based on the previous research of the plate-type solar collector by the author, the analysis of the relationship between the spectral radiative property of the absorbing and transparent plates and their collector efficiency is firstly discussed on a simplified solar collector model. This analytical technique is then applied to evaluate the performance of water solar collector in practical use and the performance of five sorts of the commercial solar collectors are compared each other on both the collection efficiency and equilibrium temperature. Consequently, it is made clear that those solar collectors in Japan are of excellent quality of high collection efficiency. Secondly, the performance of a unit-type air solar collector with carbon fiber sheet (CF-sheet) as the absorbing material, which was developed by the author in cooperation with a company, is analyzed and examined in the same way as above. Lastly, a large scale house-type air solar collector is tested, and this type of solar collector using carbon fiber' might be one of the most feasible methods to use solar energy in the industrial field including cost-performance. 相似文献
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为了对进入室内的光线和热量进行自动控制,文章设计出了一种调光蓄热式CPC装置,该装置主要由复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)、热管、水箱组成。模拟和实验结果表明:正午时段,当太阳光线垂直或接近垂直入射时,光线透过率较小,清晨和傍晚时段,当太阳光线倾斜入射时,光线透过率较大;调光蓄热式CPC装置能够自动控制进入室内的光线,当太阳光线的入射角小于20°时(对应的时段为11:00-13:00),该装置基本上能够对太阳直射光线进行全部遮挡,当太阳光线的入射角大于40°时,直射光线基本上能够全部透过该装置;调光蓄热式CPC装置光照度透过率的实验值与模拟值随时间的变化趋势大体一致,但数值上存在一定的偏差,这主要是由于在模拟过程中没有考虑散射辐射;调光蓄热式CPC装置的光照度透过率为17%~47%,辐照度透过率为20%~42%,这表明该装置在实际应用中具有较好的调节效果;在北京室外平均温度为-8℃的条件下,调光蓄热式CPC装置可以将储热水箱的温度维持在14℃左右,这表明该装置可以将过剩的太阳能收集并存储起来。 相似文献
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A heat pipe (HP) is a device transferring large quantities of heat through a small area of the cross-section with very small deviations in temperature. The thermal impedance of HP is lower while thermal conductance is higher. HPs are designed for controlling temperature, amplification of heat flux, and diminution. HPs are being used in the cooling of aircraft and electronics, solar energy, systems of heat recovery, and nuclear reactors. Complex mathematical formulation demands experimentation to acquire the physical phenomena. Performing experiments is a tedious task with increasing the working parameters and their assigned levels. In such situations, a systematic statistical approach (viz., the Taguchi method) has to be adopted to minimize the number of experiments and to provide the information for the full factorial design of experiments. This paper adopts the modified Taguchi method and applies a simple and reliable multiobjective optimization concept to determine the optimal HP working parameters (viz., heat input, inclination angle, and flow rate). In the optimization process, efficiency, thermal resistance, and overall heat transfer coefficient are the performance indicators (PIs). Empirical relations are developed and validated for the PIs in terms of the HP working parameters. The recommended Taguchi's orthogonal array to perform a few tests may not have the set of optimal working parameters. Additional tests are to be performed to confirm the estimates of the PIs for the optimal working parameters. Confirmation test results in the present study indicate close-to/within the estimated range. 相似文献
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分离式热管倾斜蒸发段传热特性的试验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用加热无缝钢管模拟倾斜布置的分离式热管蒸发段,分析了倾角、充液量、热流密度和工作压力对其传热特性的影响,并根据试验结果回归整理了相应的换热系数无量纲准则关系式,与试验数据吻合较好,计算误差小于15%。 相似文献