太阳能辅助加热户用沼气系统的瞬时计算分析

设计了太阳能辅助加热户用沼气池系统.太阳集热器集热通过螺旋管换热器加热沼液.为了评价系统的加热效果,对系统进行优化设计,建立了系统数学模型,对系统冬季运行情况进行计算分析.结果表明,太阳能辅助加热户用沼气系统能有效提高沼气池内温度.     

合肥地区太阳能资源对沼气生产潜力影响初探

文章以养猪场为例,对合肥地区利用太阳能加热生产沼气进行了研究分析.合肥地区冬季寒冷,自然温度条件下沼气产量较低,沼气发酵原料存在很大浪费.采用太阳能加热方式,发酵温度存冬季可以维持在25℃,沼气产量比自然温度条件下可提高84%以上,存栏量相当于10头生猪的家庭养殖场生产的沼气可以基本满足3个家庭的日常用能需要.     

寒区太阳能和沼气锅炉联合增温系统及试验研究

发展应用沼气可有效利用农作物等废弃资源,降低能源消耗,减少环境污染.但我国北方冬季气温低,致使沼气池产气率极低,甚至发生池体冻裂,无法正常使用.通过建立太阳能沼气锅炉联合增温系统,试验测试并分析了沼气池内温度变化,确定了太阳能与沼气锅炉联合运行的匹配方式.结果表明联合增温系统能使沼气池体处于较好的发酵温度范围内,保证了...     

沈阳地区太阳能加热制沼气的试验研究

介绍了太阳能沼气池的结构和工作原理。采用太阳能热水供给技术与沼气池技术改造相结合,通过太阳能热水循环技术提高沼气池冬季产气率,降低沼气池一年四季供气量的波动范围,提高经济效益。通过试验模型验证了太阳能加热制沼气的可行性。     

沼气、太阳能生态海岛

提出了沼气、太阳能生态海岛模型.利用太阳池淡化海水,为官兵提供饮用水,在太阳池底铺设换热器,为官兵提供生活用热水,并对沼气池进行加热.利用海岛官兵的生活废弃物生产的沼气进行炊事,大约可以满足51%左右的炊事用能需求.     

太阳能辅助加热户用沼气池系统设计

沼气开发利用是发展可再生能源的重要选择,户用沼气是我国农村能源的重要组成部分.文中介绍了沼气的产生原理及发展现状,针对北方寒冷地区冬季气温低,沼气产气少利用率低问题,在调研常规保温增温方法的基础上提出了家用太阳能热水器辅助加热户用沼气池系统,并对系统经济性进行了分析.     

太阳能、沼气锅炉与沼气池联合系统的设计

发展应用沼气,既有效利用农作物等废弃资源,节省煤炭资源,又减少污染物对环境的污染。但我国北方冬季气温低,导致沼气池产气率低,甚至出现冻裂池体等现象。本文提出太阳能和沼气锅炉与沼气池集成组装的系统设计,通过确定太阳能集热器面积与沼气锅炉联合运行的匹配方式,保持池体温度处于较好的发酵温度,解决了北方寒区冬季沼气无法正常使用的问题。     

太阳能辅助供暖的地源热泵经济性分析

在冬季土壤温度较低，而且以热负荷为主的北方地区，若完全采用地源热泵来供暖，则地热换热器和机组的初投资均比较高，连续运行的效率也较低，因此，可利用太阳能集热器作为辅助能源。白天完全依靠地源热泵供暖，夜间利用太阳能集热器蓄存的热量，使地热换热器与太阳能集热器串联运行，通过分析比较，该方案比完全用地源热泵供暖更经济。     

户用钢制辅热式沼气发酵系统试验研究

HS01型户用钢制辅热式沼气发酵系统是一种新型高效全天候的沼气发酵装置,其中的燃煤沼气联合辅助加热装置解决了我国北方地区冬季户用沼气难以正常发酵的问题,可使其全天候高效生产沼气。通过试验研究了影响HS01型户用钢制辅热式沼气发酵系统运行的主要因素,结果表明当温度30~35℃、总固体浓度10%、投料时间间隔9d时处于最优运行工艺条件,池容产气率高达0.7658 m3·m-3d-1,并且HS01型户用钢制辅热式沼气发酵系统的益本比为2.319,净现值(NPV)为2644.17元,内部收益率(FIRR)为54.69%,动态投资回收期2.062a,具有较好的经济可行性和显著的社会环境效益,符合我国国情,适合于在我国北方地区广大农村应用。     

风能辅助供暖的地源热泵系统经济性分析

以热负荷为主的北方地区,冬季土壤温度较低,若完全采用地源热泵来供暖,则地热换热器和机组的初投资均比较高,连续运行的效率也较低.提出利用风力发电机产生的电能构成风能集热器作为地源热泵供暖的辅助能源的构想.白天完全依靠地源热泵供暖,夜间利用风能集热器辅助加热,使地热换热器与风能集热器串联运行.通过分析比较,该方案比完全用地...     

基于PVT集热/蒸发器的补气增焓热泵性能分析

传统直膨式太阳能辅助热泵系统在低温环境适应性欠佳,影响其在寒冷地区使用,通过采用补气增焓技术可以有效提高其低温条件下的供热能力。以所提出的采用PVT集热/蒸发器的补气增焓热泵系统为研究对象,计算分析环境条件、太阳辐射强度、注入蒸汽质量流量对该热泵系统性能的影响。研究结果表明： 当环境温度为-10℃,太阳照强度为500 W/m²时,性能系数（COP）可达4.3,比使用补气增焓（VI）循环的空气源热泵（ASHP）系统高63.6%。以当量热价（LCOH）作为指标与其他3种供热系统进行比较,所提出的系统经济性也具有一定的优势,可为补气增焓热泵系统在寒冷气候地区的应用提供新思路。     

An analysis of solar heating systems that use vapor-compression cycles

This paper analyzes the technical and economic performance of solar heating systems that use vapor-compression cycles, circulating a compressible fluid as the working fluid. With conventional solar heating systems that use water or as their working fluid, the collector inlet temperature is equal to that of the storage outlet temperature. Operating the system on a cold day can result in large thermal losses to the surroundings and, thus, low useful heat gains. A vapor-compression cycle may be attractive because it allows the collector inlet temperature to be lowered so that the heat gain of the collector can be increased. Such a system is simulated and a preliminary economic analysis performed. The results indicate that the vapor-compression system can collect almost 50% more solar energy than a conventional system if the collector area of the two systems are the same.     

太阳能散热器采暖与热水供应技术实验研究

通过太阳能采暖与热水供应系统在夏热冬冷地区的实验,测试了系统采暖及提供生活热水时,太阳能集热系统、采暖系统、辅助热源等部分的相关数据,并在实验中分别对采暖房间与非采暖房间的室内温度进行了测试。通过实验数据分析了太阳能采暖与热水供应系统在夏热冬冷地区使用应考虑的问题,并给出系统设计及运行过程中提高系统性能的有关建议,为有关设计提供参考。     

太阳能相变蓄热应用于吸收式制冷的分析

介绍了一种将太阳能相变蓄热技术应用于两级吸收式制冷的新型空调系统,简要分析了该系统的装置结构、工作原理和使用优点。对相变蓄热装置放热过程中放热盘管出水温度随放热时间的变化关系进行了实验测量,并对两级吸收式制冷系统效率进行了分析。通过研究可知,该太阳能空调系统有效解决了以往系统不稳定性和间断性问题;太阳能相变蓄热装置具有体积小、蓄热量大、放热速率大、连续放热温度均匀、便于控制热源加热温度等特点,适合储存太阳能并为吸收式制冷系统提供加热热源。综合考虑系统设备简单,加工要求低的制造特点,所以吸收式制冷以太阳能等低品位热源驱动有着良好的发展前景。     

Solar space heating and cooling with bi-heat source heat pump and hot water supply system

This paper describes a specific heat pump system that can solve the problem of low heating capacity at a low ambient temperature—one of the largest problems in the air-source heat pump system.

In order to decrease the collector area required, the heat pump system is operated by the air-source during the daytime, but at night or at a very low ambient temperature it can be operated with hot water which has been produced by the collector in the daytime. The effect of the solar energy on the air-source heat pump system has many advantages in the moderate winter climate of Japan. The hot water supply system includes an auxiliary electric heater.

The experiment has been carried out with a prefabricated test house, which has been constructed in Nara with double glazed windows and high thermal insulation. The results of this experiment are that solar energy enhances the total electric energy savings, increases the heating capacity at low ambient temperature, and eliminates the need for reverse cycle defrosting operation, etc.     

太阳能热泵低温地板辐射供暖系统的研究与展望

太阳能热泵低温地板辐射采暖系统是以太阳能热泵为热源,以地板辐射采暖系统为末端装置的新型供暖系统.本文综述了太阳能热泵在国内外的研究与应用,并阐述了太阳能热泵低温地板辐射供暖系统的工作原理及在国内的研究现状.分析了该系统的特点,结果表明该系统是一种舒适、经济和节能的理想供热系统.本文还探讨了该系统在当前的应用中尚待解决的问题.     

Modelling and analysis of the dynamic behavior of a forced circulation solar water heating system with storage tanks in series

A generalized model for a forced circulation solar water heating system with storage tanks in series is presented in which the loss of heat through an insulation lagging is considered, and the periodic time variation of the intensity of solar radiation, as well as both the ambient air temperature and the temperature of cold water entering the first main tank, is taken into account. Using the Laplace transformation, an exact solution is presented which, under certain conditions, reduces to an approximate solution. The conditions for convergence to the approximate solution are discussed, and figures are presented comparing it with the exact solution for several different sets of conditions. In this communication, the effect of the number of storage tanks on the outlet temperature of the hot water and the effect of various water heating system parameters on its performance have been analytically investigated. Numerical calculations have been made for a typical cold day.     

太阳能-土壤源热泵联合供暖系统优化研究

针对严寒地区的气候条件,选取哈尔滨地区某居民住宅小区作为研究对象,利用TRNSYS软件对太阳能-土壤源热泵联合供暖系统(SGCHP)进行计算分析。结果表明:太阳能-土壤源热泵联合供暖系统中太阳能集热器对热泵机组的进水温度和COP以及节电量等方面有改善作用;对太阳能-土壤源热泵联合供暖系统中太阳能集热器面积与地埋管管长的最佳配比的优化结果表明,1 m~2太阳能集热器可保证17～27 m长的地埋管取热平衡。并继续模拟了沈阳地区,并以哈尔滨地区为基准,给出严寒地区该参数的推荐值。     

Experimental study of the burning-cave hot water soil heating system in solar greenhouse

In the northern China areas, the traditional heating methods are widely used in solar greenhouse, for example: electric heating, hot air heating, hot water heating, burning-cave heating etc. If copying the assuring building indoor environment of constant heating ways into solar greenhouse, it will further increase building energy consumption, thus improving the efficiency of energy utilization, establishing appropriate growing environment, and realizing the agricultural waste recycling are important ways of consistent with the Chinese conditions, construction of sustainable development, improving the efficiency of the greenhouse production. To solve the problem of traditional heating method for high heating energy consumption, the inharmonious between greenhouse air temperature and soil temperature, uneven soil temperature, the research build the burning cave hot water soil heating system of solar greenhouse experimental platform in accordance with principle of energy cascade utilization. This experiment platform will transfer burning cave internal heat into soil heating system. The soil is evenly heated by system. Through testing the actual operation effect of the burning cave hot water soil heating system of new solar greenhouse, electric heating system, no taking any heating measures system, burning cave hot water soil heating system of solar greenhouse can improve the soil average temperature 5 ∼ 6 °C. This research provides experimental basis for practical applications and promotion.     

建筑节能新方向:太阳能光伏-地源热泵系统

减少我国冬季采暖所造成的大气污染,降低供暖系统的能耗,节约能源一直是建筑节能追求的目标.目前太阳能光伏发电已经成为人类利用太阳能的最主要方式之一,地源热泵已被作为一项旨在解决建筑冷热源问题的新技术,日渐受到人们的重视.将光伏转换与热泵循环有机结合在一起,从而形成了太阳能光伏-地源热泵系统.该系统提高了光电转换和光热吸收效率,光电/光热综合利用,极大地提高了单位面积太阳辐照的利用效率,同时可提高热泵系统在寒冷地区运行的适用性;利用光电效应把太阳能中高能带区域的光能直接转化成电能,可大大提高太阳能的可用能效率;在增加能量储存装置和逆变器的条件下,可以使系统脱离公用电网运行,从而增加了系统的适用性和灵活性;与普通的空气源热泵相比,太阳能地源热泵具有较高的热性能,具有一机多用的功效;与建筑物相结合的太阳能热泵系统,可以增加建筑物的隔热效果,起到减少建筑物冷暖负荷的作用,同时可极大地减少环境污染.