共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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氢分子是自然界中最小的分子,很容易通过管道接头、阀门等位置发生泄漏。由于氢气的易燃易爆属性,泄漏后形成的可燃气云一旦遇到火源容易演变成事故。因此,对氢气泄漏扩散行为进行研究有助于掌握氢气事故演化发展规律,对于事故预防具有重要意义。针对一个尺寸为0.47 m×0.33 m×0.20 m的立方体空间建立几何模型,采用自主研发的MPPBuoyantEpplFoam求解器对该模型内的氢气泄漏扩散行为进行了数值模拟,获得了氢气泄漏后的氢气浓度分布、扩散速度分布及流动扩散规律,通过与相关文献中的实验结果进行对比,二者吻合较好,初步验证了该求解器多组分扩散功能的准确性。研究结果表明,在受限空间内,氢气泄漏后表现出如下流动扩散规律:1)氢气从模型顶部竖直向下喷入计算域后,在周围静止空气阻滞作用和浮升力作用下,扩散速度迅速减小,流动的动量控制区变短;2)在氢气注入阶段,计算域氢气浓度分布会在浮力作用下呈现明显的分层效应,上部的氢气浓度高,下部的氢气浓度低;3)氢气停止注入后,在分子扩散作用下,计算域上下部氢气浓度差逐渐变小,并最终达到均匀混合。 相似文献
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长广电厂50MW机组一例氢气系统泄漏故障,经过全面系统检查后发现汽端密封瓦上氢压信号管螺栓未紧固,造成大量氢气漏入润滑油回油中,将螺栓紧固后故障排除。 相似文献
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本文介绍碳氢燃料的自燃化学过程的实验研究结果。试验研究是在一台倒拖发动机上进行的。实验中研究了进气温度,燃料辛烷值,发动机转速和压缩比对燃料氧化和自燃的影响,对实验中的燃料自燃变化规律以及自燃从无到有的连续循环间的放热过程进行了总结,并对实验中的一些特殊现象进行了可能的解释,指出焰前反应中间产物的某些特性及其对焰前反应的重要影响。 相似文献
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孔祥宇;胡始弘;康济川;闫发锁;刘大辉;董岩 《太阳能学报》2024,45(3):298-304
该文针对氢动力船加注过程中可能发生的高压氢气泄漏问题进行了数值模拟研究。首先,通过与已有实验结果对比,验证了CFD虚喷嘴模型和分层流动模型的有效性。其次,结合氢动力船实际加注场景,着重分析风速、障碍物对高压氢气扩散行为的影响。最后,利用半球扩散模型划分疏散区域,提高氢动力船加注过程的安全性。结果表明:分层流动模型与实验结果拟合性更好;高速的风可阻止氢气上浮,增加氢气泄漏距离,降低氢气浓度;泄漏源下游设置障碍物一定程度上缩短了易燃云在水平方向上的扩散距离。 相似文献
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孙红军;裴长运;郭诗然;杜逸云;蒋雪蕾;李子华 《能源与节能》2025,(1):47-50+96
在氢气的制备、储存、运输和应用过程中,可能发生的非预期氢气泄漏为氢能的安全使用带来了隐患。针对这一问题,采用数值模拟方法对海上风电制氢厂房内氢气的泄漏进行了模拟,给出了氢气4%物质的量分数等值面的发展变化,并对制氢厂房内安全性进行了分析与判断,为制氢厂房内相关设施发生泄漏后的爆燃风险预测提供量化指标和重要参考。 相似文献
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本文介绍碳氢燃料的自燃化学过程的实验研究结果。试验研究是在一台倒拖发动机上进行的。实验中研究了进气温度、燃料辛烷值、发动机转速和压缩比对燃料氧化和自燃的影响。对实验中的燃料自燃变化规律以及自燃从无到有的连续循环间的放热过程进行了总结,并对实验中的一些特殊现象进行了可能的解释,指出焰前反应中间产物的某些特性及其对焰前反应的重要影响。 相似文献
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通过三种氢气冷却器检修方案的比较及经济技术的分析,说明新型检修方案可提高检修效率、检修质量,降低戍本,对企业有较好的经济效益,对氢冷器堵漏具有普遍的应用意义。 相似文献
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火花点火激发自燃着火稳定燃烧边界条件的试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
火花点火激发自燃着火(SIAI)燃烧具有火花点火和自燃着火两段着火特性,能够有效控制燃烧过程的压升率,可以显著拓展HCCI燃烧方式的可适用负荷范围.但SIAI燃烧的稳定燃烧比较困难,需要对混合气状态进行精确控制.在一台双缸汽油机上通过控制进气温度和喷油量实现了对混合气状态和能量密度的灵活控制,研究了SIAI稳定燃烧的边界条件.结果表明,SIAI燃烧的稳定实现需要满足:理论空燃比附近的空燃比以保证点火稳定;压缩上止点处的混合气温度在950~1,050,K内以保证自燃的实现;压缩上止点处混合气能量密度在12.5~22.5,MJ/m3内以实现自燃并抑制爆震. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(77):33135-33152
Self-ignition may occur during hydrogen storage and transportation if high-pressure hydrogen is suddenly released into the downstream pipelines, and the presence of obstacles inside the pipeline may affect the ignition mechanism of high-pressure hydrogen. In this work, the effects of multiple obstacles inside the tube on the shock wave propagation and self-ignition during high-pressure hydrogen release are investigated by numerical simulation. The RNG k-ε turbulence model, EDC combustion model, and 19-step detailed hydrogen combustion mechanism are employed. After verifying the reliability of the model with experimental data, the self-ignition process of high-pressure hydrogen release into tubes with obstacles with different locations, spacings, shapes, and blockage ratios is numerically investigated. The results show that obstacles with different locations, spacings, shapes and blockage ratios will generate reflected shock waves with different sizes and propagation trends. The closer the location of obstacles to the burst disk, the smaller the spacing, and the larger the blockage ratio will cause the greater the pressure of the reflected shock wave it produces. Compared with the tubes with rectangular-shaped, semi-circular-shaped and triangular-shaped obstacles, self-ignition is preferred to occur in tube with triangular-shaped obstacles. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014,39(35):20396-20403
Spontaneous ignition processes due to high pressure hydrogen releases into air are known phenomena. The sudden expansion of pressurized hydrogen into a pipe, filled with ambient air, can lead to a spontaneous ignition with a jet fire. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation of the visible flame propagation and pressure measurements in 4 mm extension tubes of up to 1 m length attached to a bulk vessel by a rupture disc. Transparent glass tubes for visual observation and shock wave pressure sensors are used in this study. The effect of the extension tube length on the development of a stable jet fire after a spontaneous ignition is discussed. 相似文献
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K. Yamashita T. Saburi Y. Wada M. Asahara T. Mogi A.K. Hayashi 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2017,42(11):7755-7760
A high-pressure hydrogen jet released into the air has the possibility of igniting in a tube without any ignition source. The mechanism of this phenomenon, called spontaneous ignition, is considered to be that hydrogen diffuses into the hot air caused by the shock wave from diaphragm rupture and the hydrogen-oxidizer mixed region is formed enough to start chemical reaction. Recently, flow visualization studies on the spontaneous ignition process have been conducted to understand its detailed mechanism, but such ignition has not yet been well clarified. In this study, the spontaneous ignition phenomenon was observed in a rectangular tube. The results confirm the presence of a flame at the wall of the tube when the shock wave pressure reaches 1.2–1.5 MPa in more than 9 MPa burst pressure and that ignition occurs near the wall, followed by multiple ignitions as the shock wave propagates, with the ignitions eventually combining to form a flame. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(18):10431-10440
Spontaneous ignition induced by high-pressure hydrogen release is one of the huge potential risks in the promotion of hydrogen energy. However, the understanding of the microscopic dynamic characteristics of spontaneous ignition, such as ignition initiation and flame development, remains unresolved. In this paper, the spontaneous ignition caused by high-pressure hydrogen release through a tube is investigated by two-dimensional numerical simulation at burst pressure ranging from 2.67 to 15 MPa. Especially, the thermal and species characteristics in hydrogen shock-induced ignition under different strengths of shock wave are discussed carefully. The results show that the stronger shock wave caused by higher burst pressure leads to larger heating area and higher heating temperature inside the tube, increasing the possibility of spontaneous ignition. The shortening effect of initial ignition time and initial ignition distance will decrease with the increase of the burst pressure. Ignition will be initiated when the temperature is raised to about 1350–1400 K under the heating effect of shock waves. It is also found that the ignition occurs under the lean-fuel condition firstly on the upper and lower walls of the tube. The flame branch after spontaneous ignition is observed in the mixing layer. Two ignition kernels show different characteristics during the process of combustion and flow. The evolution of HRR and mass fraction of key species (OH, H, HO2) are also compared to identify the flame front. The mass fraction of H has the better trend with HRR. It is suggested that H radical is a more reasonable choice as the indicator of the flame front. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(89):38075-38086
Experiments on shock waves propagation, spontaneous ignition, and flame development during high-pressure hydrogen release through tubes with symmetrical obstacles (O1-1) and asymmetrical obstacles (O1-2) are conducted. The obstacle's side is triangular with a length of 4 mm, a height of 3.6 mm, and its width is 15 mm. In the experiments, a reflected shock wave generates and propagates both upstream and downstream when the leading shock wave encounters the obstacle. At the same burst pressure, the reflected shock wave intensity in tube O1-1 is significantly greater than that in tube O1-2. Moreover, the presence of obstacles in the tube can induce spontaneous ignition. The minimum burst pressures for spontaneous ignition for tubes O1-1 and O1-2 are 2.84 MPa and 3.28 MPa respectively, lower than that for the smooth tube. Furthermore, both the initial ignition position and ignition time are greatly advanced in obstruction tubes, mainly affected by obstacle positions and burst pressures. Finally, the flame separation process near the obstacle is observed. After passing the obstacle, the flames grow rapidly in radial and axial directions on the tube sidewalls. And at the same burst pressure, the flame convergence time in tube O1-2 is usually longer than that in tube O1-1. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(42):23821-23831
The shock wave dynamics, spontaneous ignition and flame variation during high-pressure hydrogen release through tubes with different cross-section shapes are experimentally studied. Tubes with square, pentagon and circular cross-section shapes are considered in the experiments. The experimental results show that the cross-section shape of the tube has no great difference on the minimum burst pressure for spontaneous ignition in our tests. In the three tubes with length of 300 mm, spontaneous ignition may occur when overpressure of shock wave is 0.9 MPa. When the spontaneous ignition is induced in a non-circular cross-section tube, the possible turbulent flow in the corner of the tube increases can promote the mixing of hydrogen and air, thus producing more amount of the hydrogen/air mixture. As a result, both the peak light signal and flame duration detected in the non-circular cross-section tubes are more intense than those in the circular tube. The smaller angle of the corner leads to a more intensity flame inside tube. When the hydrogen flame propagates to the tube exit from the circular tube, the ball-like flame developed near tube exit is relatively weak. In addition, second flame separation outside the tube is observed for the cases of non-circular cross-section tubes. 相似文献
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本文采用激波管研究了正庚烷在不同条件下的点火延时特性,首先考察了当量比为0.5,0.7,1.0时正庚烷/合成空气混合气的点火延时特性;其次在当量比不变和变化的条件下,研究了合成空气中CO2的比例以及压力对点火延时的影响.实验结果表明:在温度高于1 200K时,正庚烷点火延时随当量比增加而增大;改变合成空气中O2与CO2的比例时,点火延时随CO2的比例增加而增大;维持当量比不变,当激波管高、低压段初始压力相同时,点火延时随CO2的比例增加而增大;同时还发现当量比对点火延时的影响随着CO2比例的增加而减小. 相似文献
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In order to simulate an accidental hydrogen release from the high pressure pipe system of a hydrogen facility a systematic study on the nature of transient hydrogen jets into air and their combustion behavior was performed at the KIT hydrogen test site HYKA. Horizontal unsteady hydrogen jets from a reservoir of 0.37 dm3 with initial pressures of up to 200 bar have been investigated. The hydrogen jets released via round nozzles 3, 4, and 10 mm were ignited with different ignition times and positions. The experiments provide new experimental data on pressure loads and heat releases resulting from the deflagration of hydrogen–air clouds formed by unsteady turbulent hydrogen jets released into a free environment. It is shown that the maximum pressure loads occur for ignition in a narrow position and time window. The possible hazard potential arising from an ignited free transient hydrogen jet is described. 相似文献
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基于安装有主动式预燃室及甲烷高压喷射器的定容燃烧弹开展预燃室湍流射流火焰引燃二次喷射甲烷射流的试验,研究了不同喷射点火延迟、不同喷油压力与不同第一次喷油脉宽对点火及火焰传播的影响。结果表明:其他条件不变时,当点火延迟时间ti为-30 ms时,会出现无法点燃主燃室气体的失火现象;当点火延迟时间ti增加到-10 ms时,会出现热射流先淬息随后再次着火的不稳定点火现象。将喷射点火延迟时间ti从0 ms增加到100 ms会使燃烧压力峰值从1.56 MPa增加到2.26 MPa,并使压力峰值的时刻从点火后130 ms提前到点火后50 ms,同时提高热射流及主燃室火焰传播速度,火焰传播速度从10 m/s提高到30 m/s。此外,改变高压甲烷喷射压力,由5 MPa提高到10 MPa,燃烧压力峰值从0.96 MPa升高到2.26 MPa,压力峰值出现时刻从点火后100 ms提前到点火后50 ms。主燃室火焰传播速度由5 m/s提高至30 m/s。当改变高压甲烷第一次喷射脉宽时,也会对燃烧压力峰值及压力峰值出现时刻造成影响。将第一次喷射脉宽由40 ms提高为80 ms会使燃烧压力峰值从1.87 MPa升高到2.26 MPa,并使压力峰值的出现时刻提前,但对热射流速度及主燃室内的火焰传播速度没有明显影响。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(13):7041-7048
Hydrogen is expected to be an alternative energy carrier in the future. High-pressure hydrogen storage option is considered as the best choice. However, spontaneous ignition tends to occur if hydrogen is suddenly released from a high-pressure tank into a tube. In order to improve the safety of hydrogen application, an experimental investigation on effects of CO2 additions (5%, 10% and 15% volume concentration) on the spontaneous ignition of high-pressure hydrogen during its sudden expansion inside the tube has been conducted. Pressure transducers are used to record the pressure variation and light sensors are employed to detect the possible spontaneous ignition. It is found that the shock wave overpressure and the mean shock wave speed are almost the same inside the tube for different CO2 additions under the close burst pressures. For cases with more CO2 additions, the ignition detected time is longer and the average speed of the flame, the maximum value of light signals and the detected duration time of spontaneous ignition are smaller. It is shown that minimum burst pressure required for spontaneous ignition increase 1.47 times for 15% CO2 additions. The minimum burst pressure required for spontaneous ignition increases from 4.37 MPa (0% CO2) up to 6.41 MPa (15% CO2). With the increasing of CO2 additions, it requires longer distance and longer time for hydrogen and oxygen to mix and thus longer ignition delay distance/time. The results showed that additions of CO2 to air have a good suppressing effect on hydrogen spontaneous ignition. 相似文献