南宁日本友好太阳房夏季热性能的分析

“南宁日本友好太阳房”是国内第一栋引入日本OM太阳房技术,根据南宁气候条件和建筑资源条件以及利用周围的自然环境资源建造的实验性太阳房。本太阳房于1998年5月投入试运行。文章根据太阳房的实测数据,对太阳房的夏季排热、隔热和降温效果进行了分析。     

牧民太阳房

自60年代末起,随着牧业生产的发展,牧区开始由“逐水草而居”向“定居轮牧”过渡,这一具有历史意义的变革为使牧民富裕起来,改变传统的生活方式创造了条件。至今,内蒙古90％以上的牧户已实现定居。但是,以往牧民的住宅,造型单调,新房老样,热舒适度差,相当部分的高寒区牧民住宅,室内热环     

黑龙江省适用太阳房类型的计算分析

对集热—蓄热墙型和直接受益式太阳房以及传统农村常规住宅进行热工计算，然后从耗能、投资上进行分析对比，提出在黑龙江省运用的太阳房类型     

高寒地区全封闭被动式太阳房

高寒地区 全封闭被动式太阳房张树声王根荣王毅为解决高寒地区被动式太阳房散热损失严重的问题，我们采用“全封闭”的方法对普通太阳房加以改进，取得了较好效果。一、设计思想黑龙江省拜泉县位于北纬４７°５５′，冬季严寒，室外最低气温达到－３９．６℃。组合式被动...     

被动式太阳房的降温研究

通风的目的是保证室内良好的空气品质,采用自然通风方式是生态建筑设计的重要内容,自然通风形成的室内热环境有利于人体舒适性.太阳能烟囱管能强化房间的自然通风,可以有效地改善室内的空气品质和室内热环境,但尚未达到舒适的温度.     

被动式太阳房供暖实验研究

通过对新建被动式太阳房及相同结构的对比房室内温度及室外温度、太阳辐照度等参数的监测,研究了寒冷季节室内温度随室外气象条件以及太阳辐照度的变化情况。通过分析发现,在室内无热源及辅助热源条件下,太阳房室内平均空气温度比对比房室内平均空气温度高7.2℃,最高温差达18.3℃,最低温差0.3℃。通过对太阳房供暖节能率ESF分析计算得出太阳房供暖保证率较高,证明了在此建立被动式太阳房建筑的可行性和经济性。     

被动式太阳房基本原理

利用太阳能对住房或办公室冬天供暖、夏天供凉已受到从事传热和建筑的科学家们的热心关注。这个问题在中国和希腊都有悠久的历史,在这两个国家的古代建筑中都采用了房屋门窗朝南,采用院子(天井)、厚墙、厚地面的结构方案。从而保证了冬天有更多阳光射入室内,并把热量储存在建筑物中;在     

被动式太阳房隔热墙体的绝热热阻

通过对被动式太阳房隔热墙热性能的试验测试，得到了该太阳房隔热墙体的绝热热阻随墙体内外温差变化的关系．讨论了该变化关系对太阳房室内空气温度波动幅度的影响。     

Simulation analysis for the active solar heating system of a passive house

The active solar heating system consists of the following sub-systems: (1) a solar thermal collector area, (2) a water storage tank, (3) a secondary water circuit, (4) a domestic hot water (DHW) preparation system and (5) an air ventilation/heating system. An improved model for the secondary water circuit is proposed and two interconnection schemes for sub-systems (4) and (5) are analyzed. The integrated model was implemented to Pirmasens passive house (Rhineland Palatinate, Germany). Both interconnection schemes show that (almost all) the solar energy collected is not used for space heating but for domestic hot water preparation. The classical water heater operates all over the year and the classical air heater operates mainly during the nights from November to April. The yearly amount of heat required by the DHW preparation system is about 77% of the yearly total heat demand of the passive house and the classical water heater provides about 20% of the yearly heat required by the DHW preparation system. The solar fraction lies between 0.247 in January and 0.930 in August, with a yearly average of 0.597.     

Experimental investigation of a solar desiccant cooling installation

Desiccant cooling is a technique based on evaporative cooling and air dehumidification using desiccant regenerated by thermal energy. It is particularly interesting when it is driven by waste or solar heat making this technique environmentally friendly.In this paper, an experimental investigation is carried on a desiccant air handling unit powered by vacuum-tube solar collectors. First, the components are studied under various operating conditions. Then overall performance of the installation is evaluated over a day for a moderately humid climate with regeneration solely by solar energy. In these conditions the overall efficiency of the solar installation is 0.55 while the thermodynamic coefficient of performance is 0.45 and the performance indicator based on the electrical consumption is 4.5. Finally, the impact of outside and regeneration conditions on the performance indicators is studied.     

Techno-economic performance analysis of solar cooling systems

Vapour absorption cooling systems, powered by solar thermal energy, are now commercially manufactured in sizes ranging from 1.5 to over 20 RT (one refrigeration ton = 3.51 kW of cooling). The needed thermal energy at appropriate temperature potential can either be provided by solar thermal collectors or else from a solar pond. The paper gives the assessment criteria and results for technical and economic evaluation of the performance of absorption chiller using a solar pond. These results, based on Kuwait's environmental data and costs, have been compared with three alternate cooling systems, namely:

• 1 Solar thermal collector absorption cooling system.
• 2 Solar photovoltaic cooling system.
• 3 Standard vapour compression cooling system.

The criteria, used for performance evaluation of the solar cooling systems on a technical basis, consists of assessing the extent to which such systems can make a positive contribution in a conserving fossil fuel. This is done by first estimating the total electrical energy needed by the standard system (defined in para. 3 above) to produce one unit of cooling output. Solar cooling systems are then analysed and compared with a standard system to establish their electrical energy saving or generation capability, after accounting for the parasitic electrical energy used in pump/fan motors and equivalent energy needed for the production of soft water (used-up in the cooling tower) from seawater desalination. The economic analysis considers the cost and life of subsystems and that of the electrical and water desalination plants to arrive at the unit cooling cost. The unit cooling is defined as the ratio of amortized capital investments plus operation and maintenance costs over the year and the total yearly cooling production by the system. The results show that the solar pond absorption cooling system is the closest competitor to the conventional cooling system.     

主动式太阳房的应用技术

太阳能建筑是当前人居环境科学领域的研究热点之一,文章阐述了太阳能采暖和供家用热水系统的循环原理,给出了系统各部件的理论计算公式,分析了主动式太阳房在我国应用的可能性。     

辐射冷却技术与住宅空调

本文从住宅空调的自身特点、居住环境与健康的角度分析了辐射冷却技术在居住建筑中的应用。尽管辐射冷却技术在节能方面较为先进,但仍存在一定的局限性,如夏季空调运行期间室内冷却壁面结露的可能性增大、住户无法根据需要随意调控和开窗进行自然通风,在我国高热高湿地区的住宅建设中应慎重采用。     

Energy savings of a house with solar heating, earth cooling and air circulation

A new type of residence with solar heating, earth cooling and air circulation(the SEA House) has been proposed by the authors. In winter, the house is heated by solar energy. Thermal insulation, heat storage and air circulation are used to maintain the room temperature at a comfortable level and to reduce the energy demands for air-conditioning. In summer, the cooling tubes are used for the purpose of cooling the proposed house. In this paper, the energy savings of the SEA House are analyzed quantitatively. Comparing to the energy used for the air-conditioning of the existing residential houses in Hokkaido, Sendai, Tokyo and Kagoshima, it is estimated that only 19%, 18%, 14% and 24% of energy are needed for the airconditioning of the SEA House respectively.     

Experimental investigation of a liquid desiccant system for solar cooling and dehumidification

Growing demand for air conditioning in recent years has caused a significant increase in demand for primary energy resources. Solar-powered cooling is one of the environmentally-friendly techniques which may help alleviate the problem. A promising solar cooling method is through the use of a liquid desiccant system, where humidity is absorbed directly from the process air by direct contact with the desiccant. The desiccant is then regenerated, again in direct contact with an external air stream, by solar heat at relatively low temperatures. The liquid desiccant system has many potential advantages over other solar air conditioning systems and can provide a promising alternative to absorption or to solid desiccant systems.Earlier work by the authors included theoretical simulations and preliminary experiments on the key components of the liquid desiccant system. The objective of the present study has been to construct a prototype system based on the knowledge gained, to monitor its performance, identify problems and carry out preliminary design optimization. A 16 kWt system was installed at the Energy Engineering Center at the Technion, in the Mediterranean city of Haifa. The system comprises a dehumidifier and a regenerator with their associated components operating together to dehumidify the fresh (ambient) air supply to a group of offices on the top floor of the building. LiCl-water is employed as the working fluid. The system is coupled to a solar collector field and employs two methods of storage – hot water and desiccant solution in the regenerated state. The performance of the system was monitored for five summer months under varying operating conditions. The paper describes the operation of the experimental system and presents the measured data and the calculated performance parameters.     

Experimental validation of passive regenerative solar still

A thermal analysis of a passive regenerative solar still is presented for different configurations. Based on an energy balance for each component of the system, an analytical expression for thermal efficiency has been derived in terms of the design parameters. The theoretical results have been validated for special cases of the system. There is reasonable agreement between theoretical and experimental observations.     

Experimental and numerical model of wall like solar heat discharge passive system

The present work raises the use of solar energy as an aid for air conditioning by means of architectural envelope parts such as walls, basically as heat discharge systems. Using a thermal balance applied to these systems, an analytic model was formulated to simulate its behavior and to consider the time variation of the environmental temperature, solar radiation, heat storage in the wall and the temperature of the room to be ventilated. The analytical results were compared against experimental data, creating an experimentally validated model that gives confidence on the accuracy and trustworthiness of the analytic proposal. Six tests were carried out in the experimental model. In four of them, the heat flux simulation was performed with electrical resistors; in the other two, solar radiation was directly employed. The results show that the thermal performance of the system can be appropriately determined and described by the analytical model, within a small margin of error. The proposed analytic model can calculate the behavior of a heat discharge system in walls by simply knowing the dimensions of the prototype and the environmental conditions.