淮北矿业（集团）公司

淮北矿业（集团）公司坐落在安徽省淮北市，是以煤炭生产经营为主，集电力，化工，建筑建材，医药，机械制造，农林养殖，商贸旅游为一体，多种经营，综合发展的大型企业集团，其前身是淮北矿务局，始建于1958年，     

集中供暖好处多

集中供暖好处多台安县农业局台安县供暖公司汤华林，李云成，李继元，杨秀梅，娄兴春，房淑敏，薄树一台安县位于辽河平原中部，属暖温带半湿润季风气候，四季分明，年平均气温为８．２℃，冬季需取暖，最冷的１月份平均气温－１０．８℃８０年代，台安镇内有锅炉９４台，...     

为了使小街电灯亮

中秋节傍晚，经过农网改造紧张施工阜宁县吴滩镇小街，随着电力调度合闸一声令下，灯火一片通明，男女老少欢声沸腾。原来小街虽然早已用上了电，但因线路质量差，配变容量小，电灯昏暗，电视模糊，用户怨声载道。吴滩供电所利用农网改造和拓宽道路为契机，将小街原有3．5公里电力线路全部折除，更换配变6台720KVA，面对时间紧、任务重，吴滩供电所知难而上，他们组织近3O人的施工队伍，分成四个施工点，在保证安全前提下，他们起早拖晚，日夜突击，总站领导施好瑜亲临施工现场指挥作业，协调供电局运输车辆，督查安全措施落实到位情况，…     

努力开创节能监察工作的新局面——在上海市节能监察中心成立十周年大会上的讲话

很高兴参加上海市节能监察中心成立十周年大会。十年前，根据《上海市节约能源条例》，经上海市人民政府批准，成立了上海市节能监察中心，这是我国第一个节能监察机构，也是我国节能管理体制一项创新性举措。十年来，在上海市政府的高度重视下，在有关部门的大力支持和指导下，上海市节能监察中心从无到有，从小到大，从弱到强，不断发展壮大，已经成为我国节能战线上一支强有力的生力军。十年来，上海市节能监察中心牢记使命，勇于探索，不断创新，     

重庆康明斯环保新动力

重庆康明斯发动机有限公司（简称CCEC），是中美合资生产重载功率和大功率柴油机的企业，是美国康明斯公司在中国投资的第一个生产基地，主导产品为康明斯公司N，K，M三大系列柴油发动机，发电机组及其它动力机组，产品适用于重型汽车，大型客车，工程机械，矿山机械，石油机械，轨道机械，港口机械，固定式和移动式柴油发电机组电站，船舶推进动力机组和辅助动力机组，泵类动力机组以及其它动力机组。     

西部大开发中能源结构和水资源问题探讨

西部大开发是中央作出的重大战略决策，实施这个决策的主要制约因素是水资源问题。西部地区特别是西北地区陕，晋，甘，宁，青五省，历年干旱，少雨，水土流失严重，生态环境日益恶化，工农业生产比较落后，但西北地区又是我国的能源和矿产主要基地。对这些地区如何开发，如何安排好工，农，牧，草，林五业，关键要解决水资源问题，该文拟就西部地区能源布局的调整和水资源开发方面提出一些浅见。     

节能技术在水利工程设计中的应用

通过工程功能，供电方案，设备选择等方面，叙述水利工程设计中应用节能技术的经验，根据上海河道受潮汐影响大的特点，最大限度提高自排能力，以节制闸自排为主，减少水泵强排，合理规划排水模式，充分利用景观绿化和人工水面，增加河道蓄洪能力，科学调度，使城市排水功能所用电耗降到最低，选用10kV主水泵电动机直接联网运行，实现功率因数就地补偿，合理配置电力变压器，减少电能损耗，选择合适参数的节能与设计，节约电能。     

降服“电老虎”节能创成果

阜宁县柴油机厂，年产170F柴油机1．5万台，年用100万千瓦时，前几年，因生产不景气，班次开不足，放松对高能耗用电设备技术改造，造成产品考核超单耗，生产成本高。为了提高经济效益，降低生产成本，从今年3月份，投资10万元技改资金，对全厂高能耗生产用电设备及照明灯具进行科学合理的改造，取得显著的效果，经测算投入的技改资金不到一年即可全部收回。该厂铸造车间化铝护40千瓦是一个“电老虎”，原化铝生产采用井式电阻炉工艺，能耗高浪费大，每月开炉16台次，耗电2000千瓦时，为了降低电耗，对化铝炉进行技术改造，采用远红外加热…     

我为安全说

我为安全说文＼梁贵宝安全，你象苍天上的太阳，光芒万丈，鲜红圆满。可每当乌云袭来，一时间黑云压城，阴雨连绵，洪水泛滥，灾难接踵而至。安全，就因为你完美无缺，所以，灾难要袭击你，灾难作为你的天敌，设置重重障碍和陷井，毁坏你的容颜，残害你的肢体。你分分秒秒...     

箱式电阻炉的节能改造

箱式电阻炉的节能改造徐永昶（哈尔滨理工大学，哈尔滨，１５００８０）姜希月，　罡，程刚（哈尔滨制药厂，哈尔滨，１５００８６）（哈尔滨重型机器厂，哈尔滨，１５００４０）箱式电炉是热处理厂、车间的常规设备，该设备陈旧落后，虽经多年研究和改造，但仍存在着空炉...     

Performance assessment of some ice TES systems

In this paper, a performance assessment of four main types of ice storage techniques for space cooling purposes, namely ice slurry systems, ice-on-coil systems (both internal and external melt), and encapsulated ice systems is conducted. A detailed analysis, coupled with a case study based on the literature data, follows. The ice making techniques are compared on the basis of energy and exergy performance criteria including charging, discharging and storage efficiencies, which make up the ice storage and retrieval process. Losses due to heat leakage and irreversibilities from entropy generation are included. A vapor-compression refrigeration cycle with R134a as the working fluid provides the cooling load, while the analysis is performed in both a full storage and partial storage process, with comparisons between these two. In the case of full storage, the energy efficiencies associated with the charging and discharging processes are well over 98% in all cases, while the exergy efficiencies ranged from 46% to 76% for the charging cycle and 18% to 24% for the discharging cycle. For the partial storage systems, all energy and exergy efficiencies were slightly less than that for full storage, due to the increasing effect wall heat leakage has on the decreased storage volume and load. The results show that energy analyses alone do not provide much useful insight into system behavior, since the vast majority of losses in all processes are a result of entropy generation which results from system irreversibilities.     

Effect of co-cultivation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with Azotobacter chroococcum on hydrogen production

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cc124 and Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria were co-cultured with a series of volume ratios and under a variety of light densities to determine the optimal culture conditions and to investigate the mechanism by which co-cultivation improves H₂ yield. The results demonstrated that the optimal culture conditions for the highest H₂ production of the combined system were a 1:40 vol ratio of bacterial cultures to algal cultures under 200 μE m^?2 s^?1. Under these conditions, the maximal H₂ yield was 255 μmol mg^?1 Chl, which was approximately 15.9-fold of the control. The reasons for the improvement in H₂ yield included decreased O₂ content, enhanced algal growth, and increased H₂ase activity and starch content of the combined system.     

Exergetic evaluation of 5 biowastes-to-biofuels routes via gasification

This paper presents the exergy analysis results for the production of several biofuels, i.e., SNG (synthetic natural gas), methanol, Fischer–Tropsch fuels, hydrogen, as well as heat and electricity, from several biowastes generated in the Dutch province of Friesland, selected as one of the typical European regions. Biowastes have been classified in 5 virtual streams according to their ultimate and proximate analysis. All production chains have been modeled in Aspen Plus in order to analyze their technical performance. The common steps for all the production chains are: pre-treatment, gasification, gas cleaning, water–gas-shift reactions, catalytic reactors, final gas separation and upgrading. Optionally a gas turbine and steam turbines are used to produce heat and electricity from unconverted gas and heat removal, respectively. The results show that, in terms of mass conversion, methanol production seems to be the most efficient process for all the biowastes. SNG synthesis is preferred when exergetic efficiency is the objective parameter, but hydrogen process is more efficient when the performance is analyzed by means of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics. The main exergy losses account for the gasification section, except in the electricity and heat production chain, where the combined cycle is less efficient.     

液压系统常见的故障诊断及处理

任何工程机械式液压设备使用时出现故障是不可避免的。但是怎样确定故障的原因及找到好的解决方法，这是使用者最关心的问题。讲述了液压系统常见的故障及其排除方法。     

Economie d'énergie en trigénération

Trigeneration is defined as the production of three useful forms of energy—heat, cold and power—from a primary source of energy such as natural gas or oil. For instance, trigeneration systems typically produce electrical power via a reciprocating engine or gas turbine and recover a large percentage of the heat energy retained in the lubricating oil, exhaust gas and coolant water systems to maximize the utilization of the primary fuel. The heat produced can be totally or partially used to fuel absorption refrigerators. Therefore, trigeneration systems enjoy an inherently high efficiency and have the potential to significantly reduce the energy-related operation costs of facilities. In this paper, we describe a model of characterization of trigeneration systems trough the condition of primary energy saving and the quality index, compared to the separate production of heat, cold and power. The study highlights the importance of the choice of the separate production reference system on the level of primary energy saving and emissions reduction.     

Mineralogical characterization of the intraseam layers of Lofoi lignite deposits in Florina basin (western Makedonia,northwest Greece)

The mineralogical composition of intraseam layers from Lofoi lignite deposits (northwest Greece) is the subject of the present study. The samples were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric (TG/DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. The clay minerals prevail in most samples, with illite-muscovite being the dominant phase, and kaolinite and chlorite being the other major clay components. No smectite was found. Quartz and feldspars, dominate in two cases. The studied materials are characterized as clays to clayey sands, showing significant similarities with the intraseam layers of the adjacent Achlada lignite deposits.     

Innovative methodologies in renewable energy: A review

This paper is concerned with innovative approaches to renewable energy sources computation methodologies, which provide more refined results than the classical alternatives. Such refinements provide additional improvements especially for replacement of fossil energy usages that emit greenhouse gas (GHG) into the atmosphere leading to climate change impact. Current knowledge gap among each renewable energy source calculation is rather missing fundamentals of plausible, rational, and logical explanations for the interpretation of results. In the literature, there are rather complicated and mechanically applicable methodologies, which require input and output measurement data match with missing physical explanations. The view taken in this review paper is to concentrate on quite plausible, logical, rational, and effectively applicable innovative energy calculation methodologies with simplistic fundamentals. For this purpose, a set of renewable energy methodological approaches is revisited with their innovative structures concerning solar, wind, hydro, current, and geothermal energy resources. With the increase in the renewable energy utilizations to combat the undesirable impacts of global warming and climate change, there is a need for better models that will include physical environmental conditions and data properties in the probabilistic, statistical, stochastic, logical, and rational senses leading to refined and more reliable estimations with application examples in the text. Finally, new research directions are also recommended for more refined innovative energy system calculations.     

Constrained Optimization of Heat Transfer from an Extended Surface

Two different zero‐order optimization techniques are used to maximize the rates of heat transfer from a fin assembly of a specified cost and in the shape of several annular fins that are mounted on a central stem. The problem is formulated to account for two‐dimensional steady‐state heat transfer that is limited by several inequality constraints. The dimensionless governing equations are used to identify the relevant decision variables. The number of fins making up the assembly is treated as an input parameter. A digital computer is used to determine the required temperature distributions and to implement the optimization search algorithms. Three different fin materials are assessed—aluminum, copper and carbon steel. Design optimizations of the extended surface assembly were made over a range of operating conditions, encompassing several different convection heat transfer coefficients that are representative of free and forced convection in air, and several different overall temperature differences between the substrate surface and air. A few recommendations based on trends in the predicted results are given. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 43(6): 504–521, 2014; Published online 3 October 2013 in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj ). DOI 10.1002/htj.21093     

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Li1−xFe0.8Ni0.2O2–LixMnO2 (Mn/(Fe + Ni + Mn) = 0.8) material

A new type of Li_1−xFe_0.8Ni_0.2O₂–Li_xMnO₂ (Mn/(Fe + Ni + Mn) = 0.8) material was synthesized at 350 °C in air atmosphere using a solid-state reaction. The material had an XRD pattern that closely resembled that of the original Li_1−xFeO₂–Li_xMnO₂ (Mn/(Fe + Mn) = 0.8) with much reduced impurity peaks. The Li/Li_1−xFe_0.8Ni_0.2O₂–Li_xMnO₂ cell showed a high initial discharge capacity above 192 mAh g⁻¹, which was higher than that of the parent Li/Li_1−xFeO₂–Li_xMnO₂ (186 mAh g⁻¹). We expected that the increase of initial discharge capacity and the change of shape of discharge curve for the Li/Li_1−xFe_0.8Ni_0.2O₂–Li_xMnO₂ cell is the result from the redox reaction from Ni²⁺ to Ni³⁺ during charge/discharge process. This cell exhibited not only a typical voltage plateau in the 2.8 V region, but also an excellent cycle retention rate (96%) up to 45 cycles.     

CY6D78Ti型柴油机的开发研制

本文介绍了CY6D78Ti型柴油机的开发研制过程及现状,CY6D78Ti型柴油机能满足国内中、重型卡车和豪华客车市场对柴油机动力性、经济性、可靠性的需求。由于该机型的高档配置,保证了其排放达到欧Ⅱ标准,同时为进一步提高性能、降低排放,采用电控及高压共轨等技术手段搭建了平台。