黄浦区举办楼宇全能耗计量培训会

<正>近日,黄浦区召开楼宇全能耗计量培训会,半岛酒店、斯格威铂尔曼大酒店等24家楼宇负责人参加。会上,项目实施方对全能耗计量以及绿色化运维管理作了介绍。建筑全能耗在线计量监测有助于企业运用智能化、信息化手段对能耗进行精细化管理,实现建筑楼宇全部能耗的智能应用,提升节能科学管理水平,黄浦区将该项目作为全区智慧能源体系的建设方向和重要内容。计划进一步扩大全能耗计量楼宇覆盖面,定期举办     

砖瓦行业自行排污监测技术方案要点

根据《排污单位自行监测技术指南总则》等有关规定的要求,对砖瓦行业自行监测的一般要求、监测指标、内容等进行细化阐述,以此推动砖瓦行业开展自行监测。     

上海市制订出工业企业能源利用监测办法

<正> 为了加强节能管理,督促工业企业遵守国家和地方颁发的有关能源使用标准和规定,上海市经委在1986年1月份制定了《上海市工业企业能源利用监测办法》(试行)十八条。这个监测办法规定,在各级能源主管部门的领导下,运用现场测试分析方法,对工业企业用能设施的能源利用状况进行监测。监测办     

工业企业能耗在线监测通用技术研究

围绕重点用能单位能耗在线监测系统建设工作,文中介绍了系统的建设背景和主要内容,分析了工业企业实现能耗数据在线采集、实时监测的总体技术路线和方法建议,提出了通用技术要求。     

建筑节能也是1项惠民工程

建筑能耗和工业、交通能耗并列为中国的三大主要能耗,随着人们对生活舒适标准的提升以及城镇化的推进,建筑能耗还会显著增加。因此,推行建筑节能是中国节能减排行动的重要组成部分。     

重点用能单位能耗管理系统及应用

针对传统节能监管方式、方法和手段存在的能耗数据采集不及时、能耗信息发布滞后、能耗预警调控功能缺乏等问题,哈尔滨市节能监察中心依托计算机网络技术、通信技术、计量控制技术等信息化技术,采用智能技术组建数据库,建立了智能化的能耗管理系统,实现了能源与节能管理的数字化、网络化和可视化。利用该系统,对哈尔滨市综合能耗万吨标准煤以上的工业重点用能单位2011年的主要能耗指标、行业能耗、区域能耗、能源消费结构、重点耗能企业进行了分析,为节能降耗提供了直观科学的依据。     

西安市宾馆饭店建筑能耗现状调查与分析

<正>建筑能源审计是一种建筑节能的科学管理和服务的方法,其主要内容是对用能单位建筑能源使用的效率、消耗水平和能源利用的经济效果进行客观考察,对用能单位建筑能源利用状况进行定量分析,对建筑能源利用效率、消耗水平、能源经济和环境效果进行审计、监测、诊断和评价,从而发现建筑节能的潜力。建筑能源审计是我国国家机关办公建筑和大型公共建筑节能监管体系建设中的重要环节。建筑能源审计有助于国家监管部门研究制定能耗公示、用能标准、能耗     

信息化提高工业用能效率从何处做起

探讨了当前信息社会中,如何利用信息技术(IT技术)这一新兴事物带动"工业节能"这一传统领域的发展.文章指出了信息技术在工业节能应用中的三个主要领域,比较系统地介绍了每个领域中信息技术的具体应用方法和先进工具的实例,并对我国下一步如何实施"信息化节能"提出了相关建议.该文对我国将"信息化节能"这一新兴概念落在实处,促进工业节能事业走上"以信息化带动工业化"的新型工业化道路提供了新的思路.     

建筑能耗监测平台构建及实现技术研究

对我国建筑能耗现状进行详细分析,在介绍国内外建筑能耗监测概况的基础上,针对目前我国缺乏有效建筑能耗统计数据的情况,并结合国内外建筑能耗监测系统的应用,阐述研发建筑能耗监测平台的目的,具体介绍该能耗监测平台的结构、软硬件系统构成、实现功能等,并成功运用到具体的项目中。应用建筑能耗监测平台可以得到建筑实时能耗数据,有助于进一步分析这些数据,以便更好地制定节能改造方案。     

SCR技术在玻璃行业烟气治理中的应用

玻璃窑炉是玻璃工厂能耗最高的热工设备,也是主要的污染排放源.我国于2011年10月1日开始执行《平板玻璃工业大气污染物排放标准(GB26453-2011)》,新标准严格规定了玻璃制造企业或生产设施的大气污染物排放限值、监测和监控要求,以及标准实施与监督等相关规定.由于太阳能超白玻璃市场需求增长较快,某玻璃生产企业在原有生产规模的基础上扩建一条日产650t太阳能超白玻璃生产线及配套系统,整个烟气治理项目的设计、安装、调试均由凯天环保承担.     

交通运输业能耗现状及未来走势分析

低碳经济要求交通运输有效、合理地使用能源,优化配置各种交通工具,降低能耗。近年来,我国交通运输业能耗增长率总体上高于全社会能耗增长率,占全社会能耗比重基本维持在7.5%左右。各种运输方式的能耗主要集中在油耗上,2007年交通运输业汽煤柴3种油耗叠加在一起,占全社会油耗比重近70%。交通运输中电能利用效率较高,节电效果好于全社会,电耗占全社会电耗比重从2002年的2.07%降至2007年的1.63%,但占全国交通运输能耗比重仅10%左右,能耗结构不合理现象并未得到改善。2008年国家铁路单位运输工作量综合能耗比上年降低3.1%,2009年我国铁路电气化率达到41.9%,铁路能耗结构出现根本性改善和优化,开始转变为以电耗为主。公路运输油耗总量呈快速增长趋势,百吨公里油耗指标呈稳中略升态势,节能空间和潜能较大。水运(含港口)能耗2004年之前呈上升趋势,之后下降趋势明显,约占交通运输业总能耗的15%。民航每吨公里油耗从2002年的0.364kg降至2007年的0.309kg,航油消耗增长率基本维持在12%上下,有较为明显的减弱趋势。未来10年,我国交通运输能源消耗总量将进一步攀升,虽然能耗结构将得到一定程度优化,电耗比重会迅速增长,但由于公路能耗在交通运输能耗中占有绝对比重,故难以从根本上改善交通运输以油耗为主的结构特点。我国交通运输业应逐步调整到以铁路为主导的各种交通方式协调发展的模式上来,最大限度地降低运输业油耗在整个交通运输行业中的比重,"以电代油"。     

Estimation on oil demand and oil saving potential of China's road transport sector

China is currently in the stage of industrialization and urbanization, which is characterized by rigid energy demand and rapid growth of energy consumption. Therefore, energy conservation will become a major strategy for China in a transition to low-carbon economy. China's transport industry is of high energy consumption. In 2010, oil consumption in transport industry takes up 38.2% of the country's total oil demand, of which 23.6% is taken up by road transport sector. As a result, oil saving in China's road transport sector is vital to the whole nation. The co-integration method is developed to find a long-run relationship between oil consumption and affecting factors such as GDP, road condition, labor productivity and oil price, to estimate oil demand and to predict future oil saving potential in China's transport sector under different oil-saving scenarios. Monte Carlo simulation is further used for risk analysis. Results show that under BAU condition, oil demand of China's road transport sector will reach 278.5 million ton of oil equivalents (MTOE) in 2020. Oil saving potential will be 86 MTOE and 131 MTOE under moderate oil-saving scenario and advanced oil-saving scenario, respectively. This paper provides a reference to establishing oil saving policy for China's road transport sector.     

应用信息技术 开辟节能新篇章

信息技术将为建设节能型社会和节能技术的跨越式发展做出重要贡献。在工业节能中,信息技术在高耗能系统优化、能源管理、生产线智能化等方面发挥作用;在建筑节能中,信息技术可帮助建筑用能评估、打造智能建筑;在交通节能中,车辆节油控制、城市交通疏导、降低货运空载率都可以借助信息技术。此外,信息技术还能在能源数据统计、节能信息传播等方面发挥巨大作用。信息技术为全社会节能带来的影响不但是全面的、深入的,而且必将随着技术的进步越来越大。我国必须抓住这一机遇,开辟信息化节能的新篇章。     

Energy efficiency achievements in China׳s industrial and transport sectors: How do they rate?

China is experiencing intensified industrialisation and motorisation. In the world׳s largest emerging economy, energy efficiency is expected to play a critical role in the ever-rising demand for energy. Based on factual overviews and numerical analysis, this article carries out an in-depth investigation into the effectiveness of policies announced or implemented in recent decades targeted at energy conservation in the energy intensive manufacturing and transportation sectors. It highlights nine energy intensive sectors that achieved major improvements in their energy technology efficiency efforts. Under the umbrella of the 11th Five-Year Plan, these sectors׳ performances reflect the effectiveness of China׳s energy conservation governance. Numerous actions have been taken in China to reduce the road transport sector׳s demand for energy and its GHG emissions by implementing fuel economy standards, promoting advanced energy efficient vehicles, and alternative fuels.Coal-based energy saving technologies, especially industrial furnace technologies, are critical for China׳s near and medium-term energy saving. In the long run, renewable energy development and expanding the railway transport system are the most effective ways to reduce energy use and GHG emissions in China. Fuel economy standards could reduce oil consumption and GHGs by 34–35 per cent.     

Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status,existing problems and solutions

Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.     

我国交通运输能源消费的初步分析与探讨

文章尝试就现有数据分析了我国交通运输能源消费情况,提出应从规划上选择节能经济的运输方式,从源头上解决往返重复运输问题,以实现运输过程的节能降耗;进行交通运输的规划时,预先科学比选各种运输方式,优化产品、产业的运输方案;应研究交通运输领域通过管理实现节能降耗目标的长效机制及有关政策法规等。     

中国中长期碳减排战略目标初探(Ⅲ)——石油能源产品在交通运输等行业中的应用和碳减排

在我国中长期的终端能源需求中石油将占约15%的份额,其中55%～60%将被用于交通运输行业。逐步减少交通运输领域石油能源产品的使用量,对减少能源消费总量和二氧化碳排放量十分重要。目前国内外研究机构预测的中国2050年货运周转总量(8×104～9×104Gt.km)及公路货运周转量均明显偏高,造成预测的运输燃料消耗量太高,这也反映出调整中国经济产业结构和进出口贸易结构的紧迫性。减少私人乘用车的拥有量和出行量也是节能减排的关键,采用西方发达国家私人乘用车的比例,预测中国2050年将拥有5×108～6×108辆乘用车不符合中国人口众多、城市中心区人口密度的特点,将乘用车数量控制在3.0×108辆的水平比较恰当。目前全球运输领域二氧化碳排放量约占总排放量的20%～25%,中国运输领域的二氧化碳排放量将逐步上升,占总排放量的份额将从目前的7%提高到2050年的30%以上。应努力采取各种措施,使2050年乘用车的二氧化碳排放强度降低到40g/km的水平。除了减少化石能源石油产品使用量、使用生物质燃料、推广纯电动汽车和开发燃料电池汽车外,改变出行方式、发展方便快捷的公共交通显得十分重要。预计我国2050年燃料电池汽车将占到小汽车保有量的20%左右,纯电动汽车占30%左右,各种混合动力汽车将占50%左右。为了使中国2050年二氧化碳排放总量控制在40×108～50×108t的水平,有可能也有必要将石油的使用量控制在6.0×108t,交通运输领域石油能源产品使用量控制在4.0×108t以下。     

基于LEAP模型的广州交通领域能耗及空气污染物排放分析

基于长期能源替代规划系统（LEAP）模型,结合情景分析法,模拟广州交通领域未来的能耗及CO、HC、NO_x、PM_2.5、SO₂等主要空气污染物排放趋势,分析广州交通领域的节能及空气污染物排放控制策略。结果表明：综合情景下,到2035年,广州交通领域将较基准情景节能23.06%,CO、HC、NO_x、PM_2.5、SO₂分别减排30.05%、28.31%、27.86%、23.77%、16.33%;各子情景中,能源结构优化情景的节能减排贡献最大;从运输类型来看,公路货运、私人交通、公路客运、水路货运和航空客运的节能减排贡献较大;要实现城市交通能耗及污染物排放控制,需要大力发展公共交通,促进铁路和水路运输的发展,以部分分流私人交通、公路和航空运输的交通需求增长,同时提高能源清洁化率和能效水平。     

Model projections and policy reviews for energy saving in China's service sector

Energy efficiency of buildings in the service sector is becoming increasingly important in China due to the structural shift of the economy from industry to services. This paper employs a bottom-up cohort model to simulate current energy saving policies and to make projections for future energy use and CO₂ emissions for the period 2000–2030 in the Chinese service sector. The analysis shows that energy demand in the service sector will approximately triple in 2030, far beyond the target of quadrupling GDP while only doubling energy use. However, it is feasible to achieve the target of emission reduction by 40% in 2020 even under the poor state of compliance rate of building standard. This paper also highlights four crucial aspects of designing optimal energy saving policies for China's service sector based on the model results.     

Direct energy rebound effect for road passenger transport in China: A dynamic panel quantile regression approach

The transport sector appears a main energy consumer in China and plays a significant role in energy conservation. Improving energy efficiency proves an effective way to reduce energy consumption in transport sector, whereas its effectiveness may be affected by the rebound effect. This paper proposes a dynamic panel quantile regression model to estimate the direct energy rebound effect for road passenger transport in the whole country, eastern, central and western China, respectively, based on the data of 30 provinces from 2003 to 2012. The empirical results reveal that, first of all, the direct rebound effect does exist for road passenger transport and on the whole country, the short-term and long-term direct rebound effects are 25.53% and 26.56% on average, respectively. Second, the direct rebound effect for road passenger transport in central and eastern China tends to decrease, increase and then decrease again, whereas that in western China decreases and then increases, with the increasing passenger kilometers. Finally, when implementing energy efficiency policy in road passenger transport sector, the effectiveness of energy conservation in western China proves much better than that in central China overall, while the effectiveness in central China is relatively better than that in eastern China.