卷烟厂节能降耗工作推进实施方法

以卷烟厂节能降耗工作现状为切入点,揭示管理过程中容易出现的问题,从组织职能、设立目标、过程控制、信息运用、激发活力等方面完善一套节能降耗工作推进实施方法,推动企业能源管理工作上水平,取得了一定的实际效果.为同类企业加强能源管理、提高能源利用效率提供参考.     

建立产品能耗考核体系促进企业节能降耗

建立产品能耗考核体系促进企业节能降耗锦西化工总厂动力能源处洪云苏艳梅１建立产品能耗考核体系的必要性（１）企业的一切活动都离不开对能源的消耗，能源趋紧及价格上涨是制约企业发展的主要因素。在这种情况下，企业内部如不能对能源的消耗进行科学、严格地管理，势必...     

推行能源目标管理 节能降耗提高效益

1概况水泥厂是能耗大户，其主要的能源是煤、电。目前，我厂年产能力为间万吨水泥，每年需消耗标准煤1．5万吨，耗电1360万kWh煤电消耗在水泥生产成本中所占比例约为35％，降低能源消耗是提高企业经济效益的重要课题。“七五”以来，我厂注重企业管理，使企业发生了深刻的变化：企业进入了省级先进企业及省级重点骨干乡镇企业行列；产品按国际标准组织生产，荣获浙江省和农业部优质产品称号；节能成为省级节能企业、国家二级节能企业。到“七五”末，虽然我厂的节能工作收到了成效，其中熟料标准煤耗与水泥综合电耗已趋于较低程度，并且分…     

中小企业节能降耗工作探讨

中小企业是国民经济的重要组成部分,数量多、行业广、社会影响大,但节能管理基础薄弱、能源利用效率总体偏低。文中就如何推进中小企业节能降耗工作进行了探讨,同时提出了中小企业提升节能降耗的管理措施。     

抓好能源计量节能降耗增效益

从完善计量检测设备、强化数据管理和投入技改资金等方面抓好能源计量,为企业节能降耗增创效益.     

加强需求侧管理降低油田电能损耗

扼要说明了实施DSM的意义 ,并根据中原油田供配电系统的现状及存在的主要问题 ,提出了切实可行降低线损的DSM技术方案。通过实施达到了节能降耗之目的 ,取得了显著的经济效益。     

浅析小型热电企业的降本增效

1999年下半年起 ,江苏省热电企业陷入了电价下调、电量受限、供热不足的困境 ,生存和发展受到严重威胁。小型热电企业如何突出重围 ,走上健康发展的道路 ,这是所有小热电企业共同面对而又必须解决的问题。我公司从投入、产出两个方面做了一些探讨和实践     

Process integration for energy and water saving,increasing efficiency and reducing environmental impact

This article provides an introduction to the current Special Issue of the journal of Applied Thermal Engineering, which contains eight carefully selected articles from the 12th Conference Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction – PRES’09. This issue builds upon the multi-year co-operation between the PRES conference planners and the journal. The articles cover important subjects of increased energy and resource efficiency in industrial production and emission reduction. The first paper is based on the conference plenary presentation and is providing an overview of the historical developments in the Process Integration (PI) area and the apparently significant contribution of the PRES series of conferences. This is followed by a second group of two papers dedicated to important PI topics – retrofit of Heat Exchanger Networks and simultaneous minimisation of water and energy consumption. The third group contains three contributions dedicated to energy savings via the application of PI in specific industrial sectors. The final fourth group of two papers is dedicated to the implementation of energy conversion technologies. Those papers are discussing environmental impact of waste-to-energy processes and heat exchanger improvements.     

Role of exergy in increasing efficiency and sustainability and reducing environmental impact

The use of exergy is described as a measure for identifying and explaining the benefits of sustainable energy and technologies, so the benefits can be clearly understood and appreciated by experts and non-experts alike, and the utilization of sustainable energy and technologies can be increased. Exergy can be used to assess and improve energy systems, and can help better understand the benefits of utilizing green energy by providing more useful and meaningful information than energy provides. Exergy clearly identifies efficiency improvements and reductions in thermodynamic losses attributable to more sustainable technologies. A new sustainability index is developed as a measure of how exergy efficiency affects sustainable development. Exergy can also identify better than energy the environmental benefits and economics of energy technologies. The results suggest that exergy should be utilized by engineers and scientists, as well as decision and policy makers, involved in green energy and technologies in tandem with other objectives and constraints.     

Potential economic and social benefits of promoting energy efficiency measures in Nigeria

The paper discusses with lucid examples the potential economic and social benefits of promoting energy efficiency measures at the industrial, institutional, and domestic levels in Nigeria. It draws attention to the development of energy efficiency market as a means to meet the ever increasing demand for energy services in Nigeria. Energy saving opportunities and high investment returns in the replacement of incandescent lamps with compact fluorescent lamps and light-emitting diodes are highlighted. The need for appliance standardization and exploitation of the synergy between energy efficiency and renewable energy systems was pointed out. Equally highlighted are some of the perceived barriers to energy efficiency initiatives in Nigeria. The urgent need for public awareness creation, institutional strengthening, and partnership with international agencies for sustainable energy efficiency promotion measures in Nigeria is stressed.     

Functional ceramics for reducing friction in metal-metal system of tribopairs

The paper reports the preliminary results of laboratory-industrial tests of active ceramic additives (ACAs) to lubricant in metal-metal friction pairs in order to elucidate the extent of the decrease in the friction coefficient and the restoration of electromechanical equipment, as well as the extension of its service life and energy saving.     

Potential benefits of cool roofs on commercial buildings: conserving energy, saving money, and reducing emission of greenhouse gases and air pollutants

Cool roofs—roofs that stay cool in the sun by minimizing solar absorption and maximizing thermal emission—lessen the flow of heat from the roof into the building, reducing the need for space cooling energy in conditioned buildings. Cool roofs may also increase the need for heating energy in cold climates. For a commercial building, the decrease in annual cooling load is typically much greater than the increase in annual heating load. This study combines building energy simulations, local energy prices, local electricity emission factors, and local estimates of building density to characterize local, state average, and national average cooling energy savings, heating energy penalties, energy cost savings, and emission reductions per unit conditioned roof area. The annual heating and cooling energy uses of four commercial building prototypes—new office (1980+), old office (pre-1980), new retail (1980+), and old retail (pre-1980)—were simulated in 236 US cities. Substituting a weathered cool white roof (solar reflectance 0.55) for a weathered conventional gray roof (solar reflectance 0.20) yielded annually a cooling energy saving per unit conditioned roof area ranging from 3.30 kWh/m² in Alaska to 7.69 kWh/m² in Arizona (5.02 kWh/m² nationwide); a heating energy penalty ranging from 0.003 therm/m² in Hawaii to 0.14 therm/m² in Wyoming (0.065 therm/m² nationwide); and an energy cost saving ranging from 0.126/m < sup > 2 < /sup > in West Virginia to0.126/m² in West Virginia to 1.14/m² in Arizona ($0.356/m² nationwide). It also offered annually a CO₂ reduction ranging from 1.07 kg/m² in Alaska to 4.97 kg/m² in Hawaii (3.02 kg/m² nationwide); an NO_x reduction ranging from 1.70 g/m² in New York to 11.7 g/m² in Hawaii (4.81 g/m² nationwide); an SO₂ reduction ranging from 1.79 g/m² in California to 26.1 g/m² in Alabama (12.4 g/m² nationwide); and an Hg reduction ranging from 1.08 μg/m² in Alaska to 105 μg/m² in Alabama (61.2 μg/m² nationwide). Retrofitting 80% of the 2.58 billion square meters of commercial building conditioned roof area in the USA would yield an annual cooling energy saving of 10.4 TWh; an annual heating energy penalty of 133 million therms; and an annual energy cost saving of $0.356/m² nationwide). It also offered annually a CO₂ reduction ranging from 1.07 kg/m² in Alaska to 4.97 kg/m² in Hawaii (3.02 kg/m² nationwide); an NO_x reduction ranging from 1.70 g/m² in New York to 11.7 g/m² in Hawaii (4.81 g/m² nationwide); an SO₂ reduction ranging from 1.79 g/m² in California to 26.1 g/m² in Alabama (12.4 g/m² nationwide); and an Hg reduction ranging from 1.08 μg/m² in Alaska to 105 μg/m² in Alabama (61.2 μg/m² nationwide). Retrofitting 80% of the 2.58 billion square meters of commercial building conditioned roof area in the USA would yield an annual cooling energy saving of 10.4 TWh; an annual heating energy penalty of 133 million therms; and an annual energy cost saving of 735 million. It would also offer an annual CO₂ reduction of 6.23 Mt, offsetting the annual CO₂ emissions of 1.20 million typical cars or 25.4 typical peak power plants; an annual NO_x reduction of 9.93 kt, offsetting the annual NO_x emissions of 0.57 million cars or 65.7 peak power plants; an annual SO₂ reduction of 25.6 kt, offsetting the annual SO₂ emissions of 815 peak power plants; and an annual Hg reduction of 126 kg.     

Comparison among various energy management strategies for reducing hydrogen consumption in a hybrid fuel cell/supercapacitor/battery system

The aim of this study is to introduce a comprehensive comparison of various energy management strategies of fuel cell/supercapacitor/battery storage systems. These strategies are utilized to manage the energy demand response of hybrid systems, in an optimal way, under highly fluctuating load condition. Two novel strategies based on salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and mine-blast optimization are proposed. The outcomes of these strategies are compared with commonly used strategies like fuzzy logic control, classical proportional integral control, the state machine, equivalent fuel consumption minimization, maximization, external energy maximization, and equivalent consumption minimization. Hydrogen fuel economy and overall efficiency are used for the comparison of these different strategies. Results demonstrate that the proposed SSA management strategy performed best compared with all other used strategies in terms of hydrogen fuel economy and overall efficiency. The minimum consumed hydrogen and maximum efficiency are found 19.4 gm and 85.61%, respectively.     

Measuring the benefits and costs of utility conservation and load management programmes

We have learned much less than we could have from utility operation of conservation and load management programmes. Our general ignorance concerning the performance (ie benefits and costs) of these programmes exists because we have not devoted sufficient resources to careful evaluations of past and present programmes. We need to build evaluation into the programme planning and implementation process and we should use actual electricity and gas bills to measure programme performance. Finally, we should conduct well designed experiments to learn what does and does not work.