《燃气轮机技术》2007年索引

目次序号·专题论述·第一作者期页1 IGCC某些工作系统的设计经验焦树建1 12风电与燃气轮机互补系统发电成本敏感性分析包能胜1 93大亚湾石化区燃气轮机热电联产供热可靠性分析朱军辉1 144一类广义不可逆普适热机循环的生态学性能张万里1 165 9FA燃气轮机作为电网“黑启动”电源点的探讨俞立凡1 236燃气电厂的运行优化和天然气调峰王会祥1 277 IGCC系统中空气气化炉与氧气气化炉的对比研究高健2 18联合循环热电冷三联供系统的热经济性分析刘岩2 69对9FA燃气轮机联合循环机组性能试验的思考姜焕农2 1010 IGCC环保特性的研究王俊有2 15…     

整体煤气化联合循环（IGCC）发电技术介绍与分析

煤气化联合循环（IGCC）发电技术是煤气化和燃气-蒸汽联合循环的结合,是当今国际正在兴起的一种先进的洁净煤（CCT）发电技术,其具有高效、低污染、节水、综合利用好等优点。本文简要介绍了整体煤气化联合循环（IGCC）发电技术,对IGCC的关键技术和设备进行了阐述。     

日立公司联合循环发电装置的现状和发展动向

1引言随着地球温室化效应不断加剧，在全球范围内的环保问题以及能源的有效利用已越来越引起人们的高度重视。近年来，在日本以高效率、低污染为特点的蒸汽燃气联合循环发电厂发展很快，已有多个这样的发电厂在建设之中。日本政府的电站发展规划也将联合循环发电装置作为将来主要的发电系统之一。本文将主要介绍日立公司燃烧LNG（液化天然气）联合循环发电厂的运行业绩、发电用各种清洁燃料的研究动向以及烧煤技术的PFBC（增压流化床联合循环）41］IGCC（整体煤气化联合循环发电机组）的实用性开发。2联合循环发电装置的运行业绩日立公…     

燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组运行指标动态管理的实现和应用

国内天然气发电行业得到了大力发展,但燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组指标管理体系还处于探索阶段,需要研究一种有效的管理手段,提高燃气轮机的运行管理水平。本文以浙江省某热电公司M701F4燃气轮机为例,依靠实时监测系统的数据提取分析功能,实现对燃气轮机指标的动态管理,对燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组发电运行指标管理具有一定的指导意义。     

SGT5-2000E(LC)IGCC燃气轮机结构介绍

简要介绍整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)发电技术,并通过对燃用中低热值合成煤气的燃机会发生的一些特殊问题进行分析,重点介绍西门子用于整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)的E级SGT5-2000E(LC)燃气轮机是如何通过本体结构设计上改进,使原燃烧天然气的燃气轮机可以高效地燃烧合成煤气.     

对几种洁净煤发电技术及其经济性能的探讨

在现有文献的基础上 ,介绍了目前最有发展前景和竞争力的 4种洁净燃煤发电技术 ,即常压循环流化床燃烧 (CFBC) ,增压流化床联合循环 (PFBC -CC) ,整体煤气化联合循环 (IGCC) ,加脱硫、脱硝装置的超临界机组 (SPB +FGD) ,对它们的技术经济性能 (如热效率、造价、环保性能、调峰性能、技术成熟程度等 )进行了综合分析和比较 ,以便为我国发展洁净煤发电技术提供参考。     

IGCC气化岛之关键设备废热锅炉选型分析

在整体煤气化联合循环发电(IGCC)系统中,为提高整套机组的循环效率,必须对显热进行回收。显热回收的关键设备是废热锅炉,本文分析比较了废热锅炉的几种型式,重点介绍能用于IGCC的废热锅炉的一种型式。     

煤气化联合循环发电技术在中国的发展前景

效率低下和污染严重是目前我国发电行业存在的普遍问题,而发电装机容量又处于迅速增长时期,整体煤气化联合循环发电技术（IGCC）是满足我国发电行业需求的首选的技术之一。文章简单介绍了中国发电市场现状及其所遇到的问题,对IGCC技术性能与发电装置进行了简单对比;在技术,经济和环保方面对IGCC在中国的发展进行了分析。     

华电IGCC项目可研报告通过审查

浙江半山IGCC发电示范工程是“十一五”国家863计划200MW级IGCC关键技术研究开发与工业示范项目,其规划建设一套以煤气化为基础的多联产200MW级发电机组,将煤气化净化以及燃气——蒸汽联合循环发电进行有机结合,机组所排放的烟气中几乎不合烟尘和SO2,CO2可以实现零排放,NOx的排放量也远低于常规燃煤机组。     

整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)发电技术发展与前景

文中对整体煤气化联合循环发电(IGCC)技术的概念、工艺流程、特点及环保效益等方面进行了分析,总结了目前世界上IGCC的发展水平和其未来的发展趋势,以揭示IGCC这种洁净煤发电技术是一种适宜于电站锅炉的新技术,有待于我们做进一步的探讨及应用。     

Valuing flexibility: The case of an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle power plant

In this paper we analyze the choice between two technologies for producing electricity. In particular, the firm has to decide whether and when to invest either in a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power plant or in an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant, which may burn either coal or natural gas. Instead of assuming that fuel prices follow standard geometric Brownian motions, here they are assumed to show mean reversion, specifically to follow an inhomogeneous geometric Brownian motion.First we consider the opportunity to invest in a NGCC power plant. We derive the optimal investment rule as a function of natural gas price and the remaining life of the right to invest. In addition, the analytical solution for a perpetual option to invest is obtained.Then we turn to the IGCC power plant. We analyse the valuation of an operating plant when there are switching costs between modes of operation, and the choice of the best operation mode. This serves as an input to evaluate the option to invest in this plant.Finally we derive the value of an opportunity to invest either in a NGCC or IGCC power plant, i.e. to choose between an inflexible and a flexible technology, respectively. Depending on the opportunity's time to maturity, we derive the pairs of coal and gas prices for which it is optimal to invest in NGCC, in IGCC, or simply not to invest.Numerical computations involve the use of one- and two-dimensional binomial lattices that support a mean-reverting process for coal and gas prices. Basic parameter values are taken from an actual IGCC power plant currently in operation. Sensitivity of some results with respect to the underlying stochastic process for fuel price is also checked.     

多联产配置是推进我国IGCC系统发展的重要途径

分析了IGCC电站在我国及世界的发展形势,并从经济和技术角度分析了影响其发展的主要因素,重点对多联产系统相对IGCC电站具有更好的经济性和操作灵活性进行分析。提出通过多联产系统来推进IGCC这种清洁煤发电技术发展的观点。     

The cost of integration of zero emission power plants—A case study for the island of Cyprus

In this work, a technical, economic and environmental analysis is carried out for the estimation of the optimal option scenario for the Cyprus's future power generation system. A range of power generation technologies integrated with carbon capture and storage (CCS) were examined as candidate options and compared with the business as usual scenario. Based on the input data and the assumptions made, the simulations indicated that the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology with pre-combustion CCS integration is the least cost option for the future expansion of the power generation system. In particular, the results showed that for a natural gas price of 7.9US$/GJ the IGCC technology with pre-combustion CCS integration is the most economical choice, closely followed by the pulverized coal technology with post-combustion CCS integration. The combined cycle technology can, also, be considered as alternative competitive technology. The combined cycle technologies with pre- or post-combustion CCS integration yield more expensive electricity unit cost. In addition, a sensitivity analysis has been also carried out in order to examine the effect of the natural gas price on the optimum planning. For natural gas prices greater than 6.4US$/GJ the least cost option is the use of IGCC technology with CCS integration. It can be concluded that the Cyprus's power generation system can be shifted slowly towards the utilization of CCS technologies in favor of the existing steam power plants in order not only to lower the environmental emissions and fulfilling the recent European Union Energy Package requirements but also to reduce the associated electricity unit cost.     

Conceptual model and evaluation of generated power and emissions in an IGCC plant

This work develops a design and operation support tool for an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant, which allows the efficiency and environmental issues of alternative process designs and feedstock to be assessed. The study is based on a conceptual model of an IGCC plant, validated with data from the ELCOGAS power plant in Spain. The layout of the model includes an Air Separation Unit (ASU), a Pressurized Entrained Flow (PRENFLO) gasifier, a series of purification gas units (venturi scrubber, sour water steam stripper, COS hydrolysis reactor, MDEA absorber columns and a sulphur recovery Claus plant), a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) and a Combined Cycle (CC) system. It comprises steady state models. One of the purposes of this work is to analyze the feasibility of coal co-gasification using waste materials; specifically petcoke and olive pomace (orujillo) are considered here. The model has been developed in Aspen Hysys. It uses electrolyte models that have been implemented in Aspen Plus which are connected to Aspen Hysys by means of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) models. Results of the model's, gas composition and generated power, are in agreement with the industrial data.     

我国的燃气_蒸汽联合循环发电技术前景良好

针对我国能源结构和能源政策,指出燃气－蒸汽联合循环是提高发电效率和解决环境污染的重要途径,尤其是国际公认的最有发展前途的两种燃煤联合循环发电技术;ＩＧＣＣ和ＰＦＢＣ－ＣＣ。文中简要地介绍了这两种联合循环发电技术。     

Influence of system integration options on the performance of an integrated gasification combined cycle power plant

An IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) plant consists of a power block and a gasifier block, and a smooth integration of these two parts is important. This work has analyzed the influences of the major design options on the performance of an IGCC plant. These options include the method of integrating a gas turbine with an air separation unit and the degree of nitrogen supply from the ASU to the gas turbine combustor. Research focus was given to the effect of each option on the gas turbine operating condition along with plant performance. Initially, an analysis adopting an existing gas turbine without any modifications of its components was performed to examine the influence of two design options on the operability of the gas turbine and performance of the entire IGCC plant. It is shown that a high integration degree, where much of the air required at the air separation unit is supplied by the gas turbine compressor, can be a better option considering both the system performance and operation limitation of the gas turbine. The nitrogen supply enhances system performance, but a high supply ratio can only be acceptable in high integration degree designs. Secondly, the modifications of gas turbine components to resume the operating surge margin, such as increasing the maximum compressor pressure ratio by adding a couple of stages and increasing turbine swallowing capacity, were simulated and their effects on system performance were examined. Modification can be a good option when a low integration degree is to be adopted, as it provides a considerable power increase.     

Performance analysis of a syngas-fed gas turbine considering the operating limitations of its components

As the need for clean coal technology grows, research and development efforts for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants have increased worldwide. An IGCC plant couples a gas turbine with a gasification block. Various technical issues exist in designing the entire system. Among these issues, the matching between the gas turbine and the air separation unit is especially important. In particular, the operating condition of a gas turbine in an IGCC plant may be very different from that of its original design. In this study, we analyzed the impact of the use of syngas on operating conditions of the gas turbine in an IGCC plant. We evaluated the performance of a gas turbine under operating limitations in terms of compressor surge and turbine metal temperature. Although a lower degree of integration may theoretically allow higher gas turbine power output and efficiency, it causes a reduction in compressor surge margin and overheating of the turbine metal. The turbine overheating problem may be solved using several methods, such as a reduction in the firing temperature or an increase in the turbine cooling air. The latter yields a much smaller performance penalty. To achieve an acceptable margin for the compressor surge, either further reduction in the firing temperature or further increase in the coolant is required. Ventilation of some of the nitrogen generated by the air separation unit, i.e., a reduction of the nitrogen supply to the combustor, is another option. Coolant modulation yields the lowest performance penalty. Reduction of the nitrogen supply provides much greater system power output than control of the firing temperature. For nitrogen flow and firing temperature controls, there are optimal levels of integration degrees in terms of net system power output and efficiency.     

Coal to electricity: Integrated gasification combined cycle

An advanced energy conversion system—the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)—has been identified as an efficient and economical means of converting coal to electricity for utility application. Several demonstration projects on a near-commercial scale are approaching the construction stage. A coal conversion facility has been constructed to simulate the operational features of an IGCC. This process evaluation facility (PEF-scale) performs a dual function: (1) acquiring and processing data on the performance of the individual components—coal gasifier, gas clean up, and turbine simulator—that comprise the IGCC concept and (2) simulating the total system in an operational control mode that permits evaluation of system response to imposed load variations characteristic of utility operation. The results to date indicate that an efficient, economical IGCC can be designed so that the gasification/gas clean up plant and the power generation system operate compatibly to meet utility requirements in an environmentally acceptable manner.     

IGCC及多联产系统的发展和关键技术

本文介绍了IGCC及多联产技术在国内外的发展概况,介绍了我国IGCC技术的近期发展目标、远期发展目标以及IGCC多联产技术的发展规划,分析了目前国内发展IGCC及多联产系统的关键技术和发展前景。     

Effects of supplementary biomass firing on the performance of combined cycle power generation: A comparison between NGCC and IGCC plants

In the present work, effects of biomass supplementary firing on the performance of fossil fuel fired combined cycles have been analyzed. Both natural gas fired combined cycle (NGCC) and integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) have been considered in the study. The efficiency of the NGCC plant monotonically reduces with the increase in supplementary firing, while for the IGCC plant the maximum plant efficiency occurs at an optimum degree of supplementary firing. This difference in the nature of variation of the efficiency of two plants under the influence of supplementary firing has been critically analyzed in the paper. The ratings of different plant equipments, fuel flow rates and the emission indices of CO₂ from the plants at varying degree of supplementary firing have been evaluated for a net power output of 200 MW. The fraction of total power generated by the bottoming cycle increases with the increase in supplementary firing. However, the decrease in the ratings of gas turbines is much more than the increase in that of the steam turbines due to the low work ratio of the topping cycle. The NGCC plants require less biomass compared to the IGCC under identical condition. A critical degree of supplementary firing has been identified for the slag free operation of the biomass combustor. The performance parameters, equipment ratings and fuel flow rates for no supplementary firing and for the critical degree of supplementary biomass firing have been compared for the NGCC and IGCC plants.