扰流肋柱在流动方向排列密度对矩形通道表面传热影响的数值研究

运用数值计算的方法将流动方向扰流圆柱排列密度对涡轮叶片尾缘冷却通道中流动传热的影响进行了三维数值研究。研究了流动雷诺数、流动方向圆柱排列密度对肋柱扰流矩形通道表面传热影响的规律。计算结果表明:在研究范围内,肋柱表面的平均Nu均随着Re的增大而增大。在Re相同的情况下,随X/D取值的增大,肋柱表面平均Nu有所减小。Nu在通道进口附近逐渐增加,然后达到充分发展值。传热在迎向流动方向的圆柱侧较强,在流动向背侧表面传热较弱。沿圆柱高度方向在中部传热较强。     

等节距缩放管内传热数值模拟及场协同分析

采用FLUENT软件对具有不同结构参数的等节距缩放管进行了对流传热数值模拟,研究了缩放角θ、喉径比γ及节距L对传热性能的影响，并用场协同理论进行传热强化分析。结果表明：雷诺数Re在4 138~5 977范围内，缩放角θ越大，努塞尔数Nu越大，压降Δp急剧增大；喉径比γ越小，努塞尔数Nu越大，压降Δp急剧增大；节距L在30~50 mm范围内，随雷诺数Re增大，节距L增加，努塞尔数Nu增大；在50~60 mm范围内，随雷诺数Re增大，节距L增加，努塞尔数Nu基本保持不变；等节距缩放管的缩放节能改善管内流体速度场和热流场的协同程度，提升管内对流传热水平。     

H型鳍片管束传热及流阻特性的数值模拟

在对H型鳍片管束的鳍片肋效率、流体物性以及管外壁温度与肋基温度差异分析的基础上,采用数值模拟技术研究了H型鳍片管束各结构参数对管束传热特性、流阻特性及综合性能的影响.结果表明:Nu随鳍片节距和厚度的增大先减小后增大,随鳍片开缝宽度和纵向管间距的增大而增大,随横向管间距的增大而减小;Nu随鳍片高度的增大,在低Re时与鳍片高度成正比关系,在高Re时与鳍片高度成反比关系;Eu随鳍片厚度、高度以及纵向管间距的增大而增大,随鳍片节距、开缝宽度以及横向管间距的增大而减小;综合因子j/f随鳍片高度、开缝宽度的增大而增大,随鳍片厚度、横向和纵向管间距的增大而减小,随鳍片节距的增大先减小后增大.     

规则间隙内置扭带管的强化传热特性研究

圆管内置扭带能大大强化管内传热,利用周期边界对规则间隙扭带的6种结构形式采用CFD方法进行了研究,比较了各结构下管内传热能力Nu、阻力因子f、流动传热增强因子(f/f0、Nu/Nu0)和综合性能η。结果表明:扭带提高了管内流速,使高速区向壁面靠近,形成径向旋流冲刷管壁减薄边界层;规则间隙扭带加速了流体的扰动,使之形成间歇式的混合与分离;内置扭带结构的Nu/Nu0随Re增大成指数规律减小,最小值大于2.5;交替排列正反旋向扭带提升了Nu,但也使f/f0大幅升高,不同结构的f/f0变化规律各异,综合性能表明s=1的内置扭带总体性能最优。根据数值模拟结果拟合出了各结构流动传热关联式。     

纳米流体受限式浸没射流冲击凸台表面的换热研究

为了分析纳米流体受限式浸没射流冲击到凸台表面的换热效果,以及与水射流冲击光滑平板的换热情况对比,详细分析了纳米流体颗粒表面形状、纳米流体体积份额、纳米颗粒材料、射流Re数、喷嘴距换热表面的相对高度H/D对滞止点及整个热表面换热系数的影响。实验发现,表面形状对换热效果影响较大,射流冲击到凸台表面上滞止点换热系数h_0最小,但整个换热表面的局部换热系数h_x及平均换热系数h_(av)均为最大值,且换热系数随Re的增大而增大。纳米流体体积份额对换热效果的影响与喷射的相对高度H/D有关,当H/D为3时,h0及hav随纳米颗粒浓度的增大而增大;当H/D为5时,纳米流体体积份额φ为0.2%时的换热效果最好。     

叉排板束换热器传热特性数值研究

为提高换热器的传热性能，设计了叉排板束换热器，利用Fluent软件中的RNG k-ε模型数值研究了叉排板束的传热特性。分析了叉排板束排数对于整体Nu的影响以及板束的局部传热特性，比较了不同横纵比对整体Nu的影响，并给出不同Re下叉排板束的Nu经验公式。实验结果表明：叉排板束整体传热性能随板排数的增多而增强，当达到一定排数后传热性能趋于稳定，不同Re下趋于稳定的排数不同，当Re=4.3×105时进入稳定阶段需13排，当Re=4.3×103时进入稳定阶段仅需7排；叉排板束局部传热性能在各板排中先增大后减小，在第2~4排局部Nu达到峰值，板的局部传热性能在两个直角处以及撞击点位置大大增强；板束在横纵比为5时传热性能最佳，横纵比大于或小于5时，传热性能均会减弱；给出Re在1~500，500~1 000，1 000~200 000范围内板束整体Nu拟合公式，当Re>30 000时，与叉排圆管束相比，叉排板束传热性能提高25%     

设置三角形阻流件的通道内流动阻力特性数值研究

为了深入研究设置三角形阻流件的水平矩形通道内传热强化机理,采用k-ε两方程模型以及SIMPLE算法,对Re在1500～35 000范围内,流体流过该通道时的流动问题进行了数值求解.模拟计算的结果表明,当Re＞8 000时,阻力系数,随着阻流件顶角α的增大而减少;当Re≤8 000时,阻力系数,随顶角α和Re数的变化不明显;阻力系数.厂随着阻流件的高度h的增大而增加;在一定的高度范围内,与不设阻流件的光滑通道相比,设置阻流件通道的Webb性能因子田得到了改善.     

凝结水对换热器空气侧热质传递影响的数值研究

为了深入研究析湿工况下换热器空气侧热质传递与阻力特性,运用Fluent软件及其UDF自编程的方法对湿工况下翅片管换热器的翅片表面冷凝过程进行数值研究。研究表明,Nu数随入口相对湿度和Re数的增大而增大,f随入口相对湿度增大而增大,随Re增大而减小;且相较于实验值,Nu和f模拟值最大误差分别为23.95%和15.01%,最小误差分别为6.67%和7.06%。     

圆管内置涡流发生器强化传热数值模拟

恒壁温条件下,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型的增强壁面处理(EWT),对圆管内置一种新涡流发生器雷诺数(Re)在25953～51906范围内的流体流动及传热特性进行数值模拟。通过计算努塞尔数(Nu)、摩擦阻力系数(f)与综合性能评价指标(PEC),分析涡流发生器的强化传热性能;得到横截面速度场、温度场及流线图分析强化传热形成原因。结果表明:同一Re,涡流发生器数量越多Nu越大、偏心安装Nu大于中心安装、顺置安装Nu大于倒置安装,同时考虑压力损失,发现偏心安装具有最优的强化传热性能;在涡流发生器附近,流体流速变大,同时涡流发生器产生2层旋流和涡流对壁面形成冲刷作用,破坏传热边界层,并使壁面不易结垢,达到强化传热和自清洁的双重效果。     

基于格子Boltzmann方法的微通道传热特性数值研究

应用格子Boltzmann方法研究单相流体流过矩形和三角形微通道结构的对流换热特性。数值模拟结果展示出流体在不同微通道中的速度场和温度场。从温度场结果可发现,流体流经微通道时会在热壁面附近形成热边界层,并且热边界层的厚度随雷诺数Re的增大而变薄。另外,通过出口温度和努塞尔数Nu等物理量定量研究两种微通道结构的换热特性。数值结果表明,矩形微通道结构的换热性能优于三角形微通道结构。在场协同原理基础上,进一步分析造成两种微通道换热性能不同的原因。     

Numerical simulation of flow and heat transfer from slot jets impinging on a cylindrical convex surface

Flow and heat transfer characteristics of slot jets impingement to a cylindrical convex surface are numerically investigated.Suitable turbulence models have been determined through comparison with the experimental data.Flow structures are described and impingement heat transfer characteristics are discussed.The effects of Re,H/B and D/B on single-slot jets impingement heat transfer are analyzed and heat transfer characteristics of multiple-slot jets are investigated.The results show that:Gas flows along the convex surface and boundary layer separation occurs in both single and multiple-slot jets impingement.A maximum stagnation Nu appears at H/B=8 and the local Nu decreases with increasing H/B in the region far away from the stagnation.The Nu in the stagnation region decreases with increasing D/B but the Nu is nearly the same in the region far away from the stagnation.Pressure gradient is an important factor on heat transfer enhancement.Correlations of the Num for single-slot,double-slot and quadric-slot jets impinging on a convex surface are obtained.It indicates the effects of Re and D/B on Num could become more important in less slot jets impingement.     

Enhancement of convective cooling using oscillating fins

Tailoring the local flow field around a fin can substantially enhance the forced convection heat transfer from a conventional heat sink. A fin is set into oscillation leading to rupture of the thermal boundary layer developed on either side of the fin. This enhancement in heat transfer is demonstrated through an increase in the time-averaged Nusselt Number (Nu) on the fin surfaces. Nu has been found to be strongly dependent on the flow Reynolds Number (Re), the frequency and amplitude of the fin oscillations. A threshold amplitude and frequency is identified beyond which Nu improvements are observed for fixed Re.     

空冷凝汽器椭圆翅片椭圆管束外空气的流动与传热特性

研究空冷凝汽器椭圆翅片椭圆管管束外空气的流动与传热特性,对火电站空冷岛的设计与运行具有重要意义.通过CFD模拟,获得了椭圆翅片椭圆管管束外冷却空气的流场和温度场,计算得到了空冷凝汽器冷却空气对流换热平均Nu和摩擦系数f随Re的变化规律,并采用最小二乘法拟合得到了相应的关联式.结果表明:随冷却空气流动Re的增大,Nu增大,f减小.     

Laminar periodic flow and heat transfer in a rectangular channel with triangular wavy baffles

This paper presents a numerical analysis of laminar periodic flow and heat transfer in a rectangular constant temperature-surfaced channel with triangular wavy baffles (TWBs).The TWBs were mounted on the opposite walls of the rectangular channel with inline arrangements.The TWBs are placed on the upper and lower walls with attack angle 45?.The numerical is performed with three dif-ferent baffle height ratios (BR=b/H=0.05 0.3) at constant pitch ratio (PR) of 1.0 for the range 100 ≤ Re ≤ 1000.The computational results are shown in the topology of flow and heat transfer.It is found that the heat transfer in the channel with the TWB is more effective than that without baffle.The in-crease in the blockage ratio,BR leads to a considerable increase in the Nusselt number and friction factor.The results indicate that at low BR,a fluid flow is significantly disturbed resulting in inefficient heat transfer.As BR increases,both heat transfer rate in terms of Nusselt number and pressure drop in terms of friction factor increase.Over the range examined,the maximum Nu/Nu0 of 7.3 and f/f0 of 126 are both found with the use of the baffles with BR=0.30 at Re=1000.In addition,the flow structure and temperature field in the channel with TWBs are also reported.     

Characteristics of heat transfer and fluid flow in a channel with single-row plates array oblique to flow direction for photovoltaic/thermal system

This study has been carried out to investigate the characteristics of convective heat transfer and fluid flow for a single row of oblique plates array to the flow direction inside a channel. The flow inside the channel is laminar and the plates array have spanwise distance between the plates and heated by radiation. This configuration has been designed to be used for Photovoltaic/Thermal system (PV/T) applications. The theoretical results are validated with measured values, and a good agreement prevailed. The results show that an increase in the plate oblique angle (γ) in the range from 0 to 15 degrees, leads to an increase in the Nusselt number (Nu) up to a maximum value and then decreases. The oblique angle at the maximum value of Nu depends on the flow Reynolds Number (Re), and (?_w/?_pl), where (?_w/?_pl) is defined as the ratio of the plates’ spacing at zero oblique angle to the plate length. Furthermore, increasing (?_w/?_pl) results in a significant increase in the heat transfer coefficient depending on the values of Re, and plate oblique angle (γ). In addition, increasing (γ) from 0 to 15 degrees results in a decrease in the friction factor up to a certain value, after which the friction value approaches a constant value depending on Re value and (?_w/?_pl). It was found that for any value of the plate oblique angle (γ), the friction factor decreases with the increase of the values of (?_w/?_pl) and Re, respectively.     

Steady and Unsteady Forced Convective Heat Transfer Analysis in 180 Degree Bend

Abstract

Numerical studies on fluid flow and heat transfer through a two-dimensional 180-degree sharp bend are performed using an in-house code based on streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin finite element method. A new geometric parameter called inlet height to outlet height ratio (IOR) is defined to assess the heat transfer performance. Parametric analyses are carried out by varying the Reynolds number (Re) from 100 to 900 for five IORs (1:2, 1:1.5, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1). The fluid flow changes from steady to unsteady for all IORs with increasing Re. The critical Reynolds number range is identified for each IOR and is found to be lower for IOR < 1 or IOR > 1 when compared with IOR 1:1, thus enhancing the heat transfer due to unsteadiness. IOR also influences the rate of generation of the vortices and the vortex interactions, which emphasize the enhancement in heat transfer. Nusselt number (Nu) and thermal performance factor (TPF) for the domain are calculated and it is observed that though there is an increase of 20%–40% in Nu for IOR 2:1 configuration with respect to IOR 1:1, the TPF predicts that IOR 1:1.5 is an overall good domain for heat transfer and pressure drop considerations.     

Heat Transfer Control of an Impinging Inclined Slot Jets on a Moving Wall

This work is devoted to the numerical study of the interaction of an inclined plane turbulent jet with a moving horizontal isothermal hot wall. The inclination of the jet allows the control of the stagnation point location. The numerical predictions based on statistical modeling are achieved using second order Reynolds stress turbulence model coupled to the enhanced wall treatment. The jet Reynolds number (Re), surface‐to‐jet velocity ratio (R_sj); and optimal inclination angle of the jet (α) are varied. The calculations are in good agreement with the available data. The numerical results show that the heat transfer is greatly influenced by the jet Re and the velocity of the moving wall. The local Nusselt number (Nu) decreases with increasing R_sj (until R_sj = 1). However, the optimal inclination of the jet enhances heat transfer and modifies significantly the stagnation point location. Average Nu is correlated according with the problem parameters as .     

丁胞结构强化换热机理的场协同分析

采用数值方法计算了丁胞结构流道内对流换热过程，并运用场协同理论分析了丁胞结构强化换热的机理，分析了丁胞大小、深度以及Re等对换热过程的影响。结果发现，丁胞的前侧是换热弱化区，而后侧才是强化换热区，但总体表现为强化换热效果，在低Re条件下，Nu较普通流道高1．2～1．5倍，是一种较好的强化换热方式。     

On numerical investigation of local Nusselt distribution between flat surface and impinging air jet from straight circular nozzle and power law correlations generation

The computational study of heat transfer characteristics over a flat surface under the impingement of an air jet is the most advanced scheme in the research field of convective heat transfer technology. This research aims to construct the semiempirical relations for predicting the magnitude of local Nusselt number (Nu) against the various impinging and target surface parameters. The impinging parameter includes Reynolds number (Re) and nozzle‐target spacing (Z/d), while the target surface parameter represents the Prandtl number (Pr) and nondimensional geometric thickness (t/d) of the target surface. The graphical representation of Nu versus r/d for different Pr and t/d justifies the saturation in the Nusselt profile beyond a critical value. The critical limit of Pr × t/d, reported in this study, rounds to 0.012. Hence, two sets of empirical relations for Pr × t/d < 0.012 and Pr × t/d > 0.012 must be defined. The semiempirical relations for Pr × t/d > 0.012 is only a function of impinging parameters, since the variation in Pr and t/d does not affect the Nu profile beyond this range. This work takes an initiative in reporting the semiempirical power law relations, which represent the local Nu magnitude within the range of Pr × t/d < 0.012. The reported empirical relations are the functions of Pr, t/d, Z/d, Re, and r/d.     

IGBT水冷基板瞬态启停及变工况运行特性实验研究

为避免绝缘栅双级晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor,IGBT)水冷基板在非常情况下导致冷却失效甚至造成系统瘫痪的危险发生,针对设计制作的一种平行微通道水冷基板在多种变工况条件下进行了其传热性能的实验研究;实验研究的变工况条件包括供水系统的瞬态启动或停止条件,质量流量60~330kg/h的波动变化条件以及水冷基板部分流道堵塞的条件,重点研究了实验条件对被冷却器件表面温度及其冷却效果的影响规律。结果表明:瞬态变化条件下高热流密度时会发生危险工况,其反应时间τR10s,流量波动条件下当平均努赛尔数Nu较小时对冷却效果影响较大,水冷基板部分流道堵塞的条件不会导致大幅温升。