基于瞬时转速的柴油机气阀漏气故障诊断

提出使用瞬时转速信号进行柴油机气阀漏气故障的诊断。设计了实验装置,利用模拟故障的方法,进行了柴油机正常及气阀漏气状态下的瞬时转速实测。通过对实测瞬时转速数据的分析,提取了三个无量纲特征参数。经检验证明,其中两个特征参数的故障判断正确率很高,达到了较理想的诊断效果。     

利用转速波动信号诊断内燃机失火故障的研究(1)--诊断模型方法

提出了利用转速波动信号诊断内燃机失火故障的３种方法,包括诊断模型方法（１）、波形分析方法（２）和多特征综合方法（３）。本介绍了诊断模型方法。通过分析曲轴飞轮系统的学特性,建立了简明实用的瞬时转速诊断模型,揭示了瞬时转速波动信号与气体力扭矩及各缸气体压力之间的本质联系;进而将模型方程转换到频域内处理,定义了４种诊断失火故障的无量纲特征参数,给出了这些参数的快速提取算法和故障识别方法。最后通过试验研     

基于非线性动力学模型的柴油机瞬时转速仿真和缸内压力重构研究

针对目前常用的基于柴油机线性动力学模型仿真误差较大的不足,采用非线性动力学模型和变转动惯量对瞬时转速进行仿真,得到了瞬时转速、指示扭矩和缸内压力之间的关系,并通过瞬时转速重构单缸独立做功阶段缸内压力。采用一种迭代算法,对6-135G型柴油机各缸压力进行了重构,结果表明基于瞬时转速的缸内压力重构是可行有效的。     

基于快速遗传K-means算法改进的柴油机故障诊断

以6135ZQ-1型柴油机为研究对象,根据试验测得的活塞环不同磨损状况下的缸内压力波形图及相应的特征参数,运用改进的快速遗传K-means算法,提取出了最能表征对象状态的参数,建立了判别柴油机此类故障表征体系。其结果表明该方法能较好地应用于柴油机的状态评估与故障诊断。     

内燃机车柴油机检测诊断技术研究与运用

通过监测系统在线采集柴油机瞬时转速数据并进行频谱图形分析,实时监测柴油机工作状况,对影响柴油机做功不良的故障进行判断分析,并定位故障缸。实际应用表明,该系统能够在柴油机状态恶化初期及时发现故障,避免了柴油机故障扩大化。可对柴油机实际检修工作起指导作用。     

柴油机瞬时转速的建模及仿真研究

通过利用等效圆盘等效轴法建立了两自由度的柴油机瞬时转速模型,并对其进行了仿真计算,由此得到了柴油机空车不同转速下和柴油机转速为1500r/min、不同负荷工况下的仿真结果,较为精确地揭示了瞬时转速的变化规律,为利用瞬时转速对柴油机进行状态监测以及故障诊断提供理论上的基础。     

基于小波分析的柴油机瞬时转速信号研究

提出一种新的柴油机瞬时转速信号的故障特征的提取方法,柴油机瞬时转速信号经过小波降噪处理,有效地剔除柴油机瞬时转速信号的噪声干扰,提高信号的信噪比。提取单缸作功冲程峰谷值差值作为特征值,通过时域曲线和特征值变化曲线可以明显看出单缸断油的故障,建立起能量到柴油机故障的映射关系,最后利用BP神经网络训练可以得到很好的效果。     

柴油机转速的测量与应用

本文首先给出了柴油机转速的测量方法，然后详细介绍了利用循环转速检测柴油机调速性、进行无外载加速测功，利用瞬时转速检测气缸气密性和工作缸动力性的原理和实践。分析和实践表明，通过柴油机转速的测量与分析，可以得到有关机器运转状态和相关故障的丰富信息。因此转速分析是柴油机状态检测与故障诊断行之有效的方法。     

柴油机转速的测量与应用

本文首先给出了柴油机转速的测量方法，然后详细介绍了利用循环转速检测柴油机调速性、进行无外载加速测功，利用瞬时转速检测气缸气密性和工作缸动力性的原理和实践。分析和实践表明，通过柴油机转速的测量与分析，可以得到有关机器运转状态和相关故障的丰富信息。因上转速分析是柴油机状态检测与故障诊断行之有效的方法。     

基于瞬时转速和双谱的内燃机故障诊断研究

首先对双谱分析和瞬时转速信号的特点进行分析，测量6135柴油机在正常、轻微故障和严重故障三种状态下的瞬时转速，分别计算其双谱，得到了具有明显区别的双谱幅值图；通过计算双谱对角切片，可以容易且有效地识别故障的存在；进一步分析双谱相位信息，可以确定单缸断油时的故障缸位置。根据瞬时转速的双谱特征进行故障诊断，故障特征明显，诊断效果良好。     

高速柴油机气阀组件振动监测诊断技术试验研究

介绍了利用气缸盖表面振动信号对高速柴油机气阀组件等故障进行的振动监测诊断试验研究。分析了引起缸盖振动的激励源特征;对单缸熄火和气阀组件等故障进行了模拟试验;对不同故障状态的气缸盖表面振动信号进行了测量分析,提取用于故障诊断的特征参数,建立了不同类型及不同程度故障与特征参数间的相互关系。     

Experimental and numerical study on the combustion limiting characteristics and design margin of a marine diesel engine

In this paper, a working-process simulation model was established, and the characteristics regarding the diesel engine maximum output power were analyzed under different limiting parameters. The design margin of the marine diesel engine is obtained through numerical and experimental study. Then, the simulation model and single cylinder diesel engine test were used to investigate the theoretical determination method of limiting characteristic lines and design margin area. It can be found that using least-square method to fit the calculation results can achieve quantitative analysis of limiting characteristics, and then the design margin area can be confirmed. The analysis results show that the maximum output power of the diesel engine is limited by in-cylinder pressure, turbine speed and exhaust temperature. The limiting parameters of maximum output power are different at different speeds, and the trend with speed of maximum output power are also different under different limiting parameters. Furthermore, the analysis of the operating area shows that the margin of the marine diesel engine at rated speed is about 27%, and there is a large design margin when operating at high speed.     

各种因素对柴油机气缸内气体和壁面传热影响的研究

在一台单缸柴油机上，采用表面热电偶测量气缸盖壁面的温度波动，应用一维非稳态传热模型计算了气缸盖壁面不同位置的瞬态传热率。在此基础上，分析了转速、负荷、冷却水温、进气温度、压缩比、壁面不同位置等对壁面温度波动和瞬时传热率的影响，得出柴油机气缸内燃气和壁面间的瞬态传热与壁面温度波动水平有关，气缸内气流速度对气缸内传热有较大的影响等结论。     

柴油机缸套间隙超磨耗标准故障监测诊断研究

介绍了多缸柴油机(6135G)的超磨耗标准的活塞—缸套间隙进行状态监测及故障诊断的研究。针对多缸柴油机的超磨耗标准缸套间隙进行分析，在此基础上选择与活塞—缸套工作状态有关的监测诊断参数，探讨气缸压力、机体振动、瞬时转速与活塞—缸套工作状态的关系并进行试验，利用各种分析方法，从中提取诊断特征作为状态监测及故障诊断信息。     

瞬时转速的提取方法

本文通过台架试验，实测气缸内压力，并利用实测压力数据及建立柴油机瞬态转速动力学模型，进行瞬时转速仿真计算；同时实测瞬时转速信号，进行数据处理及其瞬时转速与柴油机工作状态的相关分析。     

基于神经网络信息融合的发动机失火故障诊断

对发动机气缸失火故障进行实车模拟试验,测量了发动机的机体振动信号及瞬时转速信号,并对其进行了时、频域分析.通过小波分析方法提取了振动信号能量特征,通过复杂度分析方法提取了转速信号的复杂度特征用于故障诊断.根据多传感器信息融合理论,建立了集成神经网络信息融合模型对气缸失火故障进行了诊断.结果表明,发动机机体振动能量特征和转速复杂度特征能够反映气缸失火现象,基于发动机振动和转速信息融合进行气缸失火故障诊断,诊断可靠性较高.     

瞬时转速监测法在热气机故障诊断上的应用研究

主要介绍了热气机瞬时转速测试系统,进行了瞬时转速信号的测量、处理和分析研究,提出了热气机故障诊断的特征参数,并给出了诊断实例。     

EMD方法在内燃机故障诊断中的应用

针对内燃机瞬时转速信号的非平稳性特点,将EMD方法用于瞬时转速信号的时频分析,将其自适应分解为几个基本模式分量和剩余值序列;对各个基本模式分量进行Hilbert变换得到Hilbert谱,从而得到瞬时频率和振幅随时间的变化规律,并进一步得到了EMD边界谱。实验测量6-135型柴油机正常和故障状态下瞬时转速信号,对其进行EMD分析表明：瞬时转速EMD边界谱可以指示有无故障发生,而瞬时频率和分解剩余值序列可以指示故障缸位置,二者结合可以较好地实现内燃机的故障诊断,为基于瞬时转速的内燃机故障诊断提供了一条新的思路。     

Prediction of marine diesel engine performance under fault conditions

The diesel engine, due to its superior efficiency when compared to other thermal engines, is widely used for propulsion of marine vessels. Since in such applications the power concentration is critical, most marine diesel engines are of the turbocharged type. Turbocharging has a serious effect on engine performance due to the interaction between the turbocharger and the engine. This interaction makes the detection of engine faults extremely difficult since a specific fault affects the turbocharger and through it the engine. For this reason various methods have been proposed for the detection of engine faults. The present author has in the past presented a method for marine diesel diagnosis by processing measured engine data using a simulation model. In the present work a completely different approach is followed; an attempt is made to use a simulation model to predict marine diesel engine performance under various fault conditions. The method is applied to a newly built vessel powered by a slow speed two stroke marine diesel engine. Using the engine shop trial data obtained under propeller law the simulation model constants are determined, using an automatic method that has been developed. The comparison of results obtained with the data from the official shop trials confirms the accuracy of the model and its ability to predict almost all operating parameters of the engine. The model is then used to produce results by simulating various engine faults or faults of its subsystems. From this analysis their impact on various measurable engine parameters is determined. It is interesting to see that in the case of turbocharged engines some faults have a different effect when compared to naturally aspirated ones. Also, it is revealed that without the use of modeling in many cases it is relatively difficult to determine the actual cause for an engine malfunction, since the observed effects on engine performance are similar. The proposed method is promising and assists the engineer to understand the actual effect of various faults on engine performance. Also it can be used as a training tool since it is easy to simulate various engine faults, a procedure which is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to perform on the field.