“2011首届中国储能产业发展峰会”将召开

酒泉风电基地598台风电机组脱网事故再度凸显风电并网瓶颈,多个风电基地风电并网难问题也时时见诸报端。在经历了前两年的风电装机爆发式增长后,我国风电并网瓶颈日益凸显,已成为今日不可解而必须解决之难题。而业界已经取得的共识是:储能正是从根本     

西北电力系统如何应对大规模风电开发与利用

分析了我国风电大规模开发面临的主要问题,并指出要解决风电并网的调峰和电力系统稳定等难题,必须依靠和建设统一坚强智能电网,坚定不移的实施“一特四大”战略,在坚持电网电源统一规划的基础上,实施风电与火电配套建设和打捆外送,实现区域问能源资源优化配置,建立风能全国消纳平台,促进新能源、常规电源与电网科学有序协调发展。     

我国电网并网风电装机居全球首位

<正>截至9月底,国家电网并网风电装机达6 426万kW,同比增长21.5%。2006年²012年,国家电网调度范围内风电装机年均增长76%,年发电量年均增长85%。国家电网接入风电规模、风电增长速度继续位居全球第一。2012年6月,我国并网风电装机达5 258万kW,取代美国成为世界第一风电大国。今年以来,国家电网调度范围内风电并网装机容量总体保持平稳增长,风电发电量增速高于风电并网容量增速,风电利用小时数有所增加,风     

我国并网风电超过5000万kW 成为世界第一风电大国

截至目前,我国并网风电达到5258万kW。其中,国家电网调度范围并网风电达到5026万kW,六年年均增速87%;2011年风电发电量706亿kWh,年均增速96%。我国已取代美国成为世界第一风电大国,国家电网成为全球风电规模最大、发展最快的电网,大电网运行大风电的能力处于世界领先水平。     

风电机组低电压穿越能力影响因素分析与实例

我国风电大规模汇集地区多处于电网末端,电压波动性强,随着对风电并网安全的关注和风电机组并网性能要求的提高,低电压穿越能力已成为衡量风电机组并网性能的重要指标。文章调研了同一区域内多个风电场实际运行中的低电压穿越故障情况,分析了整机制造厂家、高校及相关研究机构对风电机组低电压穿越技术的研究现状。通过分类统计测试过程中遇到的风电机组低电压脱网故障和总结56台风电机组的低电压穿越测试结果,分析了造成风电机组低电压穿越能力不足的原因,并对引起风电机组低电压穿越能力不足的影响因素进行了阐述。目前,软件版本控制、保护定值的设置与管理、硬件的维护水平已经成为并网风电机组低电压穿越能力的主要影响因素。     

我国非并网风电开发与发展建议

我国风电产业虽然起步晚,但发展快,2012年累计装机容量已达7532×104kW,处于全球领先水平。然而跟随式发展思维导致风电开发应用模式单一,加之我国电源结构中适合调峰的灵活电源比重小,导致难以并网的风电数量逐年增加,限电"弃风"问题日益突出,影响了风电产业的可持续发展。必须打破跟随式发展思维的束缚,通过风电发展模式多元化,有效提高风电消纳能力,实现风电发展的社会效益、环境效益和经济效益"三个统一"。"非并网风电"理论突破传统观念,研究风电在不上网情况下如何高效、低成本开发利用,目前已在非并网风电直接应用于某些高耗能产业方面取得重大进展,进入科技创新的中后期。由于单台兆瓦级风机造价都在数百万元以上,建设大规模"非并网风电"应用产业化示范工程投入巨大,存在一定风险,需要多措并举:以政产学研合作为基础,打造大规模"非并网风电"应用产业化联盟;转变重生产、轻消费的传统思维模式,将财政补贴重心从生产端转向消费端,鼓励高效、低成本、大规模直接消纳风电;加大政策扶持力度,降低应用非并网风电的行业准入门槛。     

酒泉千万千瓦风电基地集中并网面临的挑战及应对措施

伴随着千万千瓦风电基地的陆续开工建设,中国大规模风电并网存在一系列技术问题,如何应对大规模风电集中并网的挑战,促进风电健康发展,成为国内外广泛关注的焦点。本文以酒泉风电基地为例,分析了大规模风电基地集中并网的特点和运行特性,研究了大规模风电集中并网面临的送出能力、调频调峰、消纳能力和系统稳定等方面的挑战,提出了酒泉风电联合外送的技术路线和大规模风电集群控制系统的应对措施。     

大发展背景下的风电开发建设路径选择

回顾了改革开放30 a来我国风电产业发展的历程,阐述了我国风电发展价格政策、市场监管、并网输送、设备制造等方面遇到的问题及对策建议,提出风电产业发展要走高品质开发建设道路。     

风电非并网理论及其应用机制探讨

对风电非并网理论的产生背景和基本原理进行了介绍,并结合我国江苏省的实际案例,对大规模非并网风电的应用机制进行分析,以期为相关理论和实践部门提供决策参考。     

回望我国第一座陆上风电场

<正>在改革开放初期,我国尚未掌握风电场的建设经验和风电并网技术,也缺少适用的并网型风电机组。为了通过风电场建设来更好地开发利用风能,推动我国并网型风电机组的产业化发展,1983～1985年,山东省政府和航空工业部组织了相关学科的专家学者,对国际、国内风能的发展和利用状况进行了广泛、深入的考察和论证。在认真分析的基础上,提出了"引进机组、学习     

Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Special Issue on Wind Power

The twenty-seven papers in this special issue focus on wind power. The special issue highlights wind electricity's rapidly evolving influx into conventional power systems on a global scale. Some of the topics covered include farm case studies, failure surveys, and experience with wind power's integration into, and impact on, thermal generation. Other topics include wind power's environmental impact, novel generator design, and spinning reserve requirements. Voltage and reactive power control as well as maintenance management issues are also addressed.     

Where the wind blows

The power systems in Denmark, Spain, Ireland, and New Zealand have some of the highest wind penetrations in the world (see Table 1). The management of the different power systems to date, with increasing amounts of wind energy, has been successful. There have been no incidents in which the wind has directly or indirectly been a major factor causing operational problems for the system. However, there are a number of parameters that are being monitored that indicate the need for active management in the near future (and in some cases already today). In this article, we briefly describe the situations in these four countries, giving special emphasis to the market integration of wind power, the use of wind forecasting, and curtailment experience. The final section provides an overview of the main wind forecasting methodologies and challenges.     

Challenges and options for a large wind power uptake by the European electricity system

The contribution of renewable energies (in particular of wind power) to the electrical power generation has been continuously increasing in the recent decades. This article focuses on the necessary options that manage the variability of wind turbine output and enable the large scale integration of wind power with the current electricity system, such as additional power reserves, distributed storage technologies, in particular electric vehicles, and cross-boarder power transmission. The influence of geographical distribution of wind turbines on the produced power variability is described as well. The article highlights that even though state-of-art technologies for higher wind integration are present, there is a necessity for the proper management and integration of mentioned options.     

Grid support of a wind farm with active stall wind turbines and AC grid connection

One of the main concerns in the grid integration of large wind farms is their ability to behave as active controllable components in the power system. This article presents the design of a new integrated power control system for a wind farm made up exclusively of active stall wind turbines with AC grid connection. The designed control system has the task of enabling such a wind farm to provide the best grid support. It is based on two control levels: a supervisory control level, which controls the power production of the whole farm by sending out reference signals to each individual wind turbine, and a local control level, which ensures that the reference power signals at the wind turbine level are reached. The ability of active stall wind farms with AC grid connection to control the power production to the reference power ordered by the operators is assessed and discussed by means of simulations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

风氢耦合系统能量管理策略研究

针对风力机出力的波动性和并网弃风问题,采用风力机/电解槽/燃料电池/超级电容的风氢耦合发电系统及其能量管理控制策略。针对风氢耦合发电系统的12种运行模式,提出一种能量管理控制策略,确保在各个控制单元的作用下,能量协调流动于各个子单元间。能量管理控制策略不仅使风氢耦合发电系统出力可控,而且平抑了直流母线电压波动,平滑了上网功率。通过Matlab/Simulink软件进行仿真研究,验证了风氢耦合发电系统的能量管理控制策略的有效性,提高了风电消纳能力。     

Centralised power control of wind farm with doubly fed induction generators

At the moment, the control ability of wind farms is a prime research concern for the grid integration of large wind farms, due to their required active role in the power system. This paper describes the on-going work of a research project, whose overall objective is to analyse and assess the possibilities for control of different wind farm concepts. The scope of this paper is the control of a wind farm made up exclusively of doubly fed induction generators. The paper addresses the design and implementation issues of such a controller and focuses on the ability of the wind farm control strategy to regulate the wind farm power production to the reference power ordered by the system operators. The presented wind farm control has a hierarchical structure with both a central control level and a local control level. The central wind farm control level controls the power production of the whole farm by sending out reference power signals to each individual wind turbine, while the local wind turbine control level ensures that the reference power signal send by the central control level is reached. The performance of the control strategy is assessed and discussed by means of simulations illustrated both at the wind farm level and at each individual wind turbine level.     

西班牙风电高比例消纳研究及启示

西班牙风电并网容量居世界前列,且其风电消纳屡创新高,是我国风电消纳的标杆。本文对西班牙如何实现高风电消纳比例进行了详细的分析,并分别从电源结构、负荷特性以及管理和政策等方面说明了西班牙能取得如此的成绩决非偶然。最后对我国的实际情况进行了简要分析,并根据分析结果给出了西班牙高风电消纳比例对我国风电消纳的启示,指出我国目前存在的不足以及提高我国风电消纳能力的措施。     

浅析如何做好风电工程项目的进度管理

目前中国在风电工程建设方面,还处于起步阶段,没有进行深入的研究与探索,建设经验较少。因此在风电工程项目的建设方面要想提高建设效率,赢得良好效益,就一定要做好进度的管理工作。在分析影响风电工程投资建设公司进度管理主要因素的基础上,探索了如何做好风电工程项目的进度管理工作。     

smart grid millionaire

Technology is now changing quickly enough in the energy industry that the field experience with network integration of photovoltaic (PV), with integration of wind power, with the increased energy storage as available with energy storage, and the resulting impact on reregulation and market interaction is hard to disseminate internationally. The integration of renewable resources and energy storage are widely documented as a viable solution.     

德国分布式电源的发展经验及其启示

德国是世界上分布式电源发展的典范,尤其是在发展用户侧光伏发电系统方面积累了丰富的经验。德国强调立法的科学性和可操作性,借助灵活的上网电价机制,兼顾各方利益,充分调动各方积极性,同时通过简单便捷的管理流程、明确严格的并网技术标准,依托配电网和大电网建设,实现光伏发电的积极、有序、可持续发展。我国分布式电源并网管理整体来看已走在世界前列,但仍需在政策体系和管理机制上进一步优化。建议我国应借鉴德国经验,将中长期发展目标与年度计划有效衔接,采用灵活的上网电价调整机制,根据装机规模合理调整上网电价;加快建立适应分布式电源的项目全过程管理机制;加快分布式电源标准体系建设,保障公共电网安全稳定;借鉴德国的三量双价制:电网企业利用既有网络、技术和服务优势,负责上、下网电量和系统发电量的计量,政府给予自用电量电价补贴,鼓励合理确定项目装机容量或通过储能装置提高自用电量;加快推进智能电网建设。