对住宅电气设计中用电负荷水平的探讨

住宅电气设计应包括合理的用电负荷水平、合理的配电线路和敷设方式、合理的插座数量及布置、合理的多媒体信息接口布置等四方面内容。文章主要从住宅用电的若干问题、负荷的组成、影响住宅用电水平的因素、住宅建筑面积等方面进行分析,探讨其合理的用电负荷水平,并得出结论:同地区、同类型住宅中的用电负荷水平基本相同;消费观念对用电量影响大、对用电负荷水平影响不大。     

住宅电气设计用电负荷的综合分析

合理的住宅电气设计应包括合理的用电负荷水平，合理的配电线路和敷设方式，合理的插座数量及布置，合理的电话、电视等信息接口布置四方面内容。主要从住宅用电负荷的组成及影响住宅用电水平的主要因素，住宅建筑面积几方面进行了综合分析，论述了合理的用电负荷水平问题，并得到同一地区，同一类型住宅中的用电负荷水平基本相同，且消费观念对用电量影响大，对用电负荷水平影响不大的结论。     

住宅电气的布置与安全性问题的探讨

本文针对住宅用电负荷的确定、住宅用电负荷对电线的要求、配电盘的布置及住宅合理的布线几个方面从安全与合理的角度出发探讨现代住宅的用电安全。     

住宅电气布置的安全性分析

本文针对住宅用电负荷的确定、住宅用电负荷对电线的要求、配电盘的布置及住宅合理的布线几个方面从安全与合理的角度出发探讨现代住宅的用电安全.     

住宅电气负荷计算解析(待续)

通过对住宅电气负荷年最大负荷时段负荷组成的分解,并根据组成部分负荷运行特性进行分类负荷计算,探讨分析符合区域项目特性的需要系数取值。以北京地区典型住宅户型为例,根据住宅负荷分类计算原则分别对空调、热水、日常家电、餐厨负荷进行计算、比较、分析,以期使住宅电气负荷计算更加合理。     

关于多层住宅电气设计的探讨

对住宅用电负荷的确定、住户终端配电系统的设计、住宅用电安全保护设计等几个方面进行探讨,以求住宅电气设计可靠、合理、安全。     

现代家居电气设计

针对现代住宅用电负荷不断增长，以往纯照明电气设计已无法满足住宅电气设计的现象，介绍了住宅电路中的负荷确定、配电系统、用电配置及电气安全保护设计的新方案，使家居电气安全适用、技术先进和经济合理。     

住宅电源插座布置探讨

为合理布置住宅内电源插座，就插座供电回路的确定规律作了阐述，并结合规范中关于插座回路负荷的计算规定，提出了住宅各房间插座的设置方法。     

再谈住宅建筑的电气设计

本文就住宅电气负荷的确定、供配电系统、线路线缆的选择、电气设备的设置、弱电系统的设置、防雷、接地等问题应如何更好地执行国家标准规范进行探讨，说明住宅电气设计应做到安全、合理、节能，满足住宅用电发展的需求。     

住宅用电负荷分析

通过对住宅电气设计中确定用电负荷方法的研究,提出应在设计中通过具体分析住宅用电负荷特点来确定住宅用电负荷的数值,并分析和论述影响住宅用电负荷的因素,如:家用电器普及率和使用率、住宅的套型面积、当地的气候条件、市政条件、住宅统一配置的用电设备、具体项目的用电需求等.     

The impact of using chilled water storage systems on the performance of air cooled chillers in Kuwait

In the air conditioning (AC) industry chilled water storage (CWS) systems are one form of cool thermal storage technology that can be used to time shift the electrical load of the system from the peak day periods to off peak night time periods. In this paper the data for the actual exported and generated electrical energy obtained for the power stations in Kuwait has been used to estimate the electrical energy consumption and the peak electrical load of AC systems. Since the chiller in an air cooled AC system represent more than 75% of the total electrical power consumed by an AC system during the peak demand period, the impact of using CWS systems with alternative operating strategies including partial (load levelling), partial (demand limiting) and full load has been investigated. In our conclusions we estimate that approximately 45% of the total annual exported electrical energy is consumed solely by AC systems as a result of the very high ambient temperatures occurring between March and October. Furthermore, it is estimated AC systems represent about 62% of the peak electrical load. The results demonstrate that CWS can reduce the peak electrical load of a chiller in an air cooled AC system by up to 100% and reduce the nominal chiller size by up to 33% depending upon the operating strategy adopted. This is achieved with only a 4% increase in power consumption of the chiller for all CWS strategies except for full storage where the energy consumption actually decreases by approximately 4%.     

施工现场用电负荷计算

对施工现场常用近70种用电机械设备、本着科学合理，方便适用的原则，将其分为八组，并确定了各组的需要系数和功率因数，大大提高了施工用电负荷计算的准确性。从用电设备容量的计算、用电设备组的用电负荷及总负荷计算、单相负荷的简化计算、总电流计算及变压器容量的确定等几方面作了详细介绍。     

福州地区大学城电力负荷预测的研究

电力负荷预测是电力系统规划和电网运行的一项非常重要的基础性工作。本文在对目前电力系统中众多负荷预测方法进行研究的基础上,结合福州大学城区近年的用电和经济发展情况,采用其中几种比较合适的方法对未来几年该地区的负荷情况进行了预测分析,通过理论分析和算例仿真结果表明,以上方法适合对本地区的电力负荷进行长期预测．能为电力系统规划和电网运行提供有价值的参考。     

Meter-based synthesis of equipment schedules for improved models of electrical demand in multifamily buildings

The authors present a novel method for using electrical meter data to synthesize realistic equipment use schedules that can improve models of electrical demand in buildings. Other methods exist for creating schedules based on historical data from a limited set of past field studies, but the method presented here is unique because it allows a modeller to customize and calibrate equipment use schedules based on user-specified meter data and load profile metrics. A case study with water heaters demonstrates that this schedule synthesis method can outperform traditional modelling strategies by replicating key characteristics of a measured equipment load profile, including its magnitude, variability, and relationships between load and time. In particular, the new method was more effective at replicating the total water heater electrical load duration curve and ramp duration curve of a real-world reference building.     

CFRC抗弯试件的机敏性能试验研究

碳纤维具有良好的导电性,且其电阻率变化与所处应力场具有稳定的对应关系。在混凝土结构中构造一定厚度的碳纤维增强混凝土机敏层,并通过实时监测电阻率变化,可对结构的实时荷载和损伤程度进行预报。本研究中设计了碳纤维混凝土与混凝土层合型构造,研究了静载、反复荷载作用下,上缘碳纤维增强混凝土层和下缘碳纤维增强混凝土层的电阻变化规律,得出了以电阻率变化表征构件力学状态的碳纤维增强混凝土的压敏和拉敏规律。     

小康住宅电气设计探讨

在目前住宅电气设计基础上，对影响住宅电气设计的因素，如负荷计算、供电系统、配电系统、弱电设计插座布置等，进行了一些分析，提出住宅电气设计应以人为本，做到安全、可靠，功能齐全，舒适美观。     

谈体育场馆电气设计应注意的问题

针对体育场馆电气设计的特点,提出在电气设计过程中要注意负荷等级的分类、供电方案、低压配电系统、场地照明系统、泛光照明系统、电气节能等方面的问题,以实现电气设计技术先进、经济合理、节约电能的目标。     

A cooling change-point model of community-aggregate electrical load

Estimates of daily electrical cooling load for a city of 800,000 are developed based on the relationship between weather variables and daily-average electricity consumption over 1 year. The relationship is found to be nearly linear above a threshold temperature. Temperature and humidity were found to be the largest, at 59%, and second largest, at 21%, contributors to electrical cooling load. Direct normal irradiation intercepted by a vertical cylinder, DNI sin θ, was found to be a useful explanatory variable when modeling aggregates of buildings without a known or dominant orientation. The best study case model used DNI sin θ and diffuse horizontal irradiation (DHI) as distinct explanatory variables with annual electrical cooling load contributions of 9% and 11% respectively. Although the seasonal variation in electrical cooling load is large - on peak summer days more than 1.5 times the winter base load - the combined direct and diffuse solar contribution is essentially flat through the year, a condition at odds with the common assumption that solar cooling always provides a good match between supply and demand. The final model gives an electrical cooling load estimate for Abu Dhabi Island that corresponds to 40% of the total annual electrical load and 61% on the peak day.