日本别府市传统温泉文化景观的形成与发展

别府地区的温泉文化景观是日本最具代表性的文化景观之一,这种景观包含物质形式的地域自然环境和人工环境,也承载着人类活动所产生的地域文化体系,展现了别府地区人们与自然相互作用下产生的丰富文化内涵,能够阐明这一地区景观独特性,具有重要的历史、文化以及景观价值。通过对别府传统温泉文化景观历史发展以及景观现状和景观构成要素的研究,结合实例分析别府地区景观独特性的表现形式与维护方式,挖掘别府温泉文化景观形成背后的动因,并总结其成功经验。     

城市公园设计中文脉的体现

将历史文化的延续性与城市公园设计的现代性有机融合,才能创造出城市公园的新文化。针对目前公园设计中关于文脉的问题,从如何确定文脉以及文脉设计原则等方面进行分析和探讨,提出应重点挖掘和表达深层的城市文脉内涵,并与时代需求相结合,增加公园景观的文化内涵,同时也是城市文脉得以延续和发展的途径之一。只有将历史文化的延续性与城市公园设计的现代性有机融合,才能创造出城市公园的新文化,因此研究城市公园设计中文脉的挖掘和表达很有意义。     

浅谈园林植物在历史文化景观设计中的应用

<正>联合国教科文组织采纳了一项国际文书——关于城市历史景观的新建议,以帮助实现城市保护驱动下的城市发展与控制。历史文化景观（Historic Cultural Landscape, HCL）是指在特定历史时期,主要历史特征得以保留、具有一定历史积淀的景观;或是虽然没有历史积淀,但随着人们居住而改造过的文化景观。作为景观中具有生命力的重要元素,植物有着突出作用。第一,植物能在一定程度上反映地域的传统价值观念及审美情趣,使景观风貌独具地域特色;第二,在人类对植物长期的研究与利用过程中,植物自身积累下的丰富文化内涵能令历史文化景观的意境表达更上一层楼;第三,植物的时序变化能为历史文化景观注入活力与动感,使景观富有动态美;第四,依托植物的选择与应用,丰富景观功能,     

文化名人主题公园的营造——以雪樵公园为例

在坚定文化自信的时代背景下,城市公园作为市民主要的休憩空间,是展现文化的重要场所。然而,历史名园文化过于庞杂,无法突出主题,而新建公园则因追求建设速度和缺乏对文化景观评价手段,忽视了对文化的挖掘和表达,导致了“千园同质、千园同面”的现象。本文以雪樵公园为例,通过现代的设计手法将名人文化与公园景观结合,进行了新的尝试,旨在为公园景观营造中的文化表达与展示提供有益的借鉴。     

基于新地域主义的乡村景观设计方法研究——以太原小窑头文化园设计项目为例

在经济全球化的时代背景下,不同地域的景观面临特定历史脉络及多元文化冲击,试图寻求符合地域特点的现代设计表达方式。为在乡村建设中创造与时俱进的特色景观,赋予乡村景观丰富的地域文化内涵,探索乡村景观发展的新方向,本文以太原市小窑头文化公园的设计为例,通过分析其地域文化诸要素,选取较为代表性的地域文化景观要素,运用新地域主义的表现手法,结合场地特征,构建具有小窑头地域特色的文化景观园林。现代乡村景观应传承和发展当地的历史文化,激发经济发展活力,秉持生态理念,改善人居环境,依据时代的发展趋势打造可持续的园林景观环境体系。     

论现代道路交通文化景观--以鄂西道路景观为例

以鄂西道路景观为例,探讨现代道路交通文化景观。针对当前道路交通景观文化底蕴浅显问题进行研究,分析道路交通景观的内容和特点,在挖掘、提炼地域文化元素基础上,通过道路交通景观的平安文化、速度文化、好客文化的诠释与表达,打造出符合时代需求的现代道路交通文化景观。提倡发挥现代道路交通景观文化传播的载体功能,从而提升道路交通的品质和内涵。     

喻情为景——公共艺术在城市文化景观中的隐喻表达

公共艺术作为城市文化景观中个性鲜明的元素之一,通过自身或泛化于景观场地内的形式介入城市景观空间。公共艺术的形态、材质,不同公共艺术在景观空间内的排布组合都是其在城市文化景观中实现隐喻表达的方式。在城市文化景观里,运用公共艺术的隐喻表达功能,可以凝聚城市的历史记忆,突显场地文化的唯一性,延续城市历史文脉。合理发挥公共艺术的隐喻表达作用,对公共艺术自身"公共性"的回归,城市历史文化的保留与继承,以及公众心灵世界的充实和完善都具有十分重要的意义。     

文化景观作为区域景观研究概念——德国图林根州文化景观研究、教学与规划实践

近20年来,对风景园林的文化阐释成为埃尔夫特应用科技大学文化景观研究组持续以来的关注焦点。期间,该研究组系统地分析了决定图林根州文化景观的各种文化因素和要素,深入了解文化和自然环境中的复杂相互作用,以此来表述和研究图林根州的区域景观系统。首先,阐述了当下德国风景园林学术语境中"文化景观"的含义,强调文化对于景观质量的价值。继而,论述了对景观进行优化、保护和设计中无法否定和回避的文化与经济因素。这样既要发展经济又要保护文化的矛盾性质,是文化景观概念所理解的人类生存的重要性质所在。文化景观研究能够在看似统一的地理区域中,形成和发展为具有可识别性的、差异化的动态结构。此外,文化景观研究还涉及其他因素,诸如生物多样性与文化多样性的丧失、生态系统服务功能滞后、经济价值的低估、国土空间连接性以及缺少实质性评价的人文特征。对历史性文化景观价值的认知给风景园林学带来了机遇,对历史景观不仅要保护,而且要创造并提供各种富有成效的展示,以参与文化景观的未来发展。维护和整合风景园林规划设计中文化景观遗产的研究实践,可以通过基础设施项目的环境影响评估到建成区的景观设计整体过程中得以贯彻。更好地理解文化景观,有助于在空间规划和发展中对其更加谨慎地进行处理,以提高文化景观研究的科学和策略意识。     

基于空间嵌入和系列表达的美丽乡村主题景观表达初探——以无锡市洛社镇福山村“福文化”风光区景观设计为例

在建设美丽乡村的过程中,塑造主题文化景观是构建地域风貌、彰显形象特色、利于旅游开发的重要环节。而"福"文化伴随着中国历史长河的变迁与发展,逐渐形成内容丰富的"福"文化现象,渗透到人们生活中。文章结合无锡洛社镇锡西大道乡村振兴风光带建设项目,对开展福山村景观建设、挖掘福文化景观表达的空间点线嵌入和系列表达的手法进行探析,为构建美丽乡村形象特色提供支撑。     

地域文化在现代园林中的传承和体现——福清市福庐山公园规划设计

自然景观是城市的基础,文化景观是城市的灵魂。公园设计如何挖掘、如何表达、如何传承地域文化,是规划设计中一个重要的方面。文章以福庐山公园为例,阐述了地域文化的挖掘、表达及相关设计手法的应用。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

新形势下高校强化基建财务管理的探讨

在市场条件下高校基建财务人员在加强日常财务管理的同时,必须树立起高度的工作责任心,抓好事前监督、事中监督、事后监督三个环节,全面理解、贯彻执行《高等学校财务制度》,管好用好各项基本建设资金,提高基建财务管理水平,更好地完成高校各项基建任务,以有限的投资,最快的建设速度,获得最大的投资效益。     

Experiences in radon-safe building in Finland

A study was made of radon-safe buildings in 300 Finnish low-rise residential buildings using data obtained from a questionnaire study. The study also aims at finding the main defects in design and implementation and how the guidance given on radon-safe buildings in slab-on-grade houses has been followed. According to the guidelines, the prevention of the flow of radon-bearing air from the soil into the house is recommended to be carried out through installation of aluminised bitumen felt and use of elastic sealants. Second, as a precaution perforated piping should be installed in the subsoil of the floor slab. The median indoor radon concentration in the houses was 155 Bq/m3. This is 32% lower than the median of the estimated reference values. The action level of 200 Bq/m3 was still exceeded in 40% of the houses. In most houses with slab-on-grade the prevention was based only on the installation of a sub-slab depressurisation system. Sealing was performed in a low number of houses. In 80% of houses with a sub-slab piping connected to an operating fan, radon concentration was below the action level of 200 Bq/m3. In houses with piping but no fan, the corresponding fraction was only 45%. Sub-slab piping without a fan had no remarkable effect on radon concentration. In houses with crawl-space and edge-thickened slabs, radon concentrations were low. The choice of foundation system thus significantly affects the indoor radon concentration. The importance of complete and careful sealing work should be stressed in advice and guides concerning radon prevention.     

2008年日本火灾情况

<正>1火灾总数在2008年(1～12月),日本发生的火灾总数为52 394起,与2007年相比减少了2 188起(4.0%)。这相当于平均1天大约发生143起火灾,每10min发生一起火灾。火灾类别(见表1)。     

Variation in property taxation in Tulsa

Conclusions It may be reasonably concluded from this study that the range of variation in these ratios of assessed to actual value are of a reasonable size for the great majority of cases. The frequency distribution of these sample ratios was not normal, however, as was assumed a process of this type would produce. On the other hand, the failure of the regression analysis to identify any significant variables which would explain these variations would tend to re-enforce the assumption that the fluctuations were indeed of a random nature.To sum it up in one paragraph, aside from a few extreme cases, the assessing process appears to give estimates which are more consistent than would be expected under the assumption that any errors would be of a random nature, but the regression analysis was unable to isolate any particular socioeconomic characteristics which would explain the variation which was present.Financial support for this research project was furnished by the University of Tulsa.     

谈城市历史保护规划的误区

由于缺乏起码的历史文化知识,忽视历史文化遗产的保护,错误的决策导致了建设性的破坏,要加强城市保护的教育,培养合格人才。