西安第五污水处理厂污泥消化及沼气利用效果分析

通过对西安市第五污水处理厂污泥厌氧消化系统实际运行参数的测试与分析,探讨了该厂污泥消化池实际运行中影响产气效果的主要因素和沼气实际利用情况。该厂3号消化池由于搅拌设备故障导致碱度和VFA含量有增大趋势;实测产气率为8.5 m~3/m~3泥,产气量为1.186L/g VS,污泥的产气能力较好;沼气锅炉、沼气拖动鼓风机和废气燃烧塔消耗沼气量分别占总产气量的41%、33%和26%,沼气利用率较低。因此,建议在运行中强化沼气拖动鼓风机设备的维护,提高产气量和沼气利用率,以降低污水处理厂运行电耗。     

小红门污水处理厂利用沼气拖动鼓风机的节能效果

降低我国城市污水处理厂的能耗物耗,对缓解我国当前的能源紧缺状况具有重要意义。以小红门污水厂为例,通过全面分析该厂的能耗分布及节能措施,提出利用沼气拖动鼓风机是实现污水厂节能最为直接有效的方法。统计表明,小红门污水处理厂的预处理系统、曝气池、鼓风机房的能耗占总能耗的比例分别为20.1%、16.6%、51.7%,节能潜力较大。运行经验表明,沼气拖动鼓风机运行后单位能耗节约11%,当达到设计要求时最大节能潜力达30%以上。在运行管理中需注意沼气拖动鼓风机中的安全操作,加强维护保养,才能稳定发挥其巨大的节能潜力。     

污水处理厂污泥消化系统设计与运行管理经验浅谈

郑州于新庄污水处理厂(40×104m3/d)是淮河流域最大的污水处理厂,其污泥利用厌氧消化进行稳定处理及浓缩脱水。所产沼气用来驱动鼓风机,余热配合沼气锅炉加热消化污泥。本文总结了整个污泥消化系统设计、运行管理的经验与不足,并提出今后污泥消化系统设计工作中应注意的几个问题。     

沼气鼓风机在团岛污水处理厂的应用

青岛团岛污水处理厂通过加大沼气鼓风机的利用率，大幅降低了耗电量，从而减少了运行费用，降低了污水处理成本，取得了明显的经济效益。     

污水处理厂沼气发电的经济性分析

介绍了法国2006年颁布的沼气利用政府法令以及沼气发电的价格体系,并以法国南部某污水处理厂为例,分析了污水处理厂利用污泥厌氧消化产生的沼气进行发电的技术经济可行性.研究表明,沼气发电在经济上完全可行,可在3年左右收回投资成本;选择适当功率的发电机,沼气发电后的余热还能保证消化池的正常运行,每处理1 m3污水产生的电能达0.191 kW·h.此外,结合我国现有沼气发电的成功经验,指出污水处理厂的污泥采取厌氧消化、沼气发电进行综合利用,具有良好的发展前景.     

泵站污水处理厂噪声测试与分析

北京市现有雨污水泵站二十一座污水一级处理厂二座,共有在装机泵100多台,机耙6台破碎机1台,罗范鼓风机两台离心脱水机一台(处理能力1m~3/h)真空过滤机一台(过滤面积2m~2,处理能力1m~3/h)化验室安装通风机三台。以上设备均是噪声声源。为了了解设备的噪音情况及对环境的污染,供设计及管理的参考,于1983年8月上旬进行了八个泵站噪声测试取得了74个数据。     

GM25L-36型离心鼓风机安装控制

文章结合苏州工业园区清源华衍水务有限公司第二污水处理厂一期机电安装工程7台GM25L-36离心鼓风机的安装,介绍离心鼓风机工作性能,安装注意点,以及鼓风机组在运行过程中注意的要点,供大家参考。     

空气悬浮风机在污水厂节能降耗中的应用

为研究空气悬浮离心鼓风机的实际运行效果,在某污水处理厂罗茨风机改造为空气悬浮离心鼓风机的案例中,对改造前后的运行情况进行了分析。结果表明:改造后,常用风机设备装机功率由1 000 kW下降为900 kW,而出风能力由536 m3/min上升为588 m3/min;鼓风机房内的噪声大幅度降低,从120 dB降至70 dB左右;在进水水量和水质稳定的情况下,出水水质基本无变化,空气悬浮离心鼓风机较罗茨风机节能22%。相比罗茨风机,空气悬浮离心鼓风机效率更高、噪音更低、节能效果和经济效益明显,具有广泛的应用前景。     

污水厂TURBO离心鼓风机的喘振原因分析及对策

某城市污水处理厂(处理能力为10×104m3/d)采用UNITANK工艺,其中生化池曝气采用TURBO离心式鼓风机.近两年跟踪观察TURBO离心式鼓风机在使用过程中频繁出现喘振的情况,提出了预防鼓风机喘振的安全措施.     

城市污水处理厂鼓风机房通风设计分析

介绍了城市污水处理厂鼓风机房通风设计的重要性,分别对进气系统及排气系统的设计要点分析,并介绍了肇庆污水处理厂的鼓风机房设计实例。     

好氧活性污泥法污水处理鼓风机选型及节能

介绍了用于污水处理厂鼓风机的类型,并对传统及新型风机进行了比较,叙述了鼓风机风量调节的原理及节能措施,简要叙述了鼓风机的自控系统,为好氧活性污泥法污水处理鼓风机的选型提供了理论依据。     

小榄污水处理厂鼓风机房的技术改造

针对污水厂鼓风机运行过程中经常发生喘振、需频繁更换轴承以及CASS生物池的溶解氧较难调节等问题，通过技术改造和工艺调整，解决了改造前存在的问题，达到了节能降耗的目的。     

Inhibition of sulfate-reducing and methanogenic activities of anaerobic sewer biofilms by ferric iron dosing

Ferric iron is commonly used for sulfide precipitation in sewers, thus achieving corrosion and odour control. Its impact on the activities of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogens in anaerobic sewer biofilms is investigated in this study. Two lab-scale rising main sewer systems fed with real sewage were operated for 8 months. One received Fe³⁺ dosage (experimental system) and the other was used as a control. In addition to precipitating sulfide from bulk water, Fe³⁺ dosage was found to significantly inhibit sulfate reduction and methane production by sewer biofilms. The experimental reactor discharged an effluent containing a higher concentration of sulfate and a lower concentration of methane in comparison with the reference reactor. Batch experiments showed that the addition of ferric ions reduced the sulfate reduction and methane production rates of the sewer biofilms by 60% and 80%, respectively. The batch experiments further showed that Fe³⁺ dosage changed the final products of sulfate reduction with sulfide accounting for only 54% of the sulfate reduced. The other products could not be confirmed, but were not dissolved inorganic sulfur species such as sulfite or thiosulfate. The results suggest the addition of Fe³⁺ at upstream locations would minimize the ferric salts required for achieving the same level of sulfide removal. Fe³⁺ dosing could also substantially reduce the formation of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, in sewers.     

鼓风机房的建筑结构设计

就鼓风机的选型及鼓风机房一些特殊的建筑要求以及由此直起的结构设计等方面进行了阐述，重点介绍了设计当中的重点和难点。指出鼓风机的选择及鼓风机房的设计对污水处理的重要性。     

污水源热泵系统应用的节能减排分析

介绍了污水源热泵系统的工作原理及研究现状,以长沙市城市污水实测数据为例,精确计算了长沙市城市污水中可利用的能量,定量比较了污水源热泵系统与空气源热泵系统的节能性能,计算分析了污水热能回收系统的环保性能指标.研究表明:长沙市城市污水中储存的可利用冷(热)量很高;在相同的供热量和制冷量的条件下,污水源热泵空调系统比空气源热泵系统更节能;采用污水热能回收系统,CO2、SOx、NOx、粉尘等4种污染物的削减量特别大,对减轻大气污染具有很显著的效果.由此认为在长沙地区应用污水源热泵系统有明显的节能减排效果.     

Residential water heaters: Energy and cost analysis

A detailed computer model is developed to calculate energy flows for residential electric and gas water heaters. Model equations are derived from applications of the first law of thermodynamics, analysis of manufacturers' literature, and related studies.Several energy-saving changes are examined using the model. Changes for both electric and gas water heaters are: increase jacket insulation thickness, reduce jacket insulation thermal conductivity, reduce thermostat setting, and add insulation to the distribution line. Application of all these changes to an electric water heater would reduce electricity use 17% and increase initial cost 27%. Additional changes examined for gas water heaters are: reduce pilot rate, eliminate and add electric ignitor and flue closure, and reduce excess air for combustion by increasing flue baffling. Implementing all these changes to a gas water heater (except addition of electric ignitor) would reduce gas use 27% and increase initial cost 26%. These results show that there are large opportunities for reducing water heater energy use with only small initial cost increases.     

基于DPSSHP的分布式供能系统在赣南地区的研究

赣南地区城市污水排放量较大,工业废水富含大量余热。发展基于直接式原生污水源热泵(Direct Primary Sewage Source Heat Pump,简称DPSSHP)的分布式供能系统,向建筑供冷供热,将大大降低建筑空调采暖能耗。根据赣南地区实际情况,提出了DPSSHP系统针对不同类型建筑的应用规划。选取了地下水源热泵,大型螺杆式冷水机组+燃煤锅炉,风冷式空气源热泵、DPSSHP,从系统初投资、运行费用、单位面积运行成本等方面进行经济性比较,得出DPSSHP较为经济。     

生物固定化MBR处理高氨氮生活污水的试验研究

采用规模为1m^3／d的MBR处理学生宿舍化粪池出水，考察了普通MBR与生物固定化MBR对氨氮的去除效果。结果表明，采用普通MBR处理高氨氮生活污水时，其对氨氮的去除率不高（〈60％）且波动较大；采用生物固定化MBR处理高氨氮生活污水时，其对氨氮的去除率〉90％，出水氨氮〈10mg／L，且非常稳定。所投加的生物固定化载体成本低，有利于在实际工程中推广使用。     

局部增压法降低集中空调送风能耗

全空气集中空调系统必须借助风量调节阀来调节和平衡末端送风口的风量。风量调节阀系阻性部件,存在较大的压头损失,须消耗大量送风能量。如果降低空调机组出口压头,同时利用管道风机进行局部增压来保持远端风口必要的送风压头,无疑会降低风量调节阀的节流阻力损失,并可有效地降低空调机组的风机功率和能耗。     

Experimental study on improving the performance of solar still using air blower

Water is a basic necessity of man. Economical and efficient production or recycling of water is very much needed in today's world. Solar still has emerged as a life-saving technology to distil brackish water and produce drinkable water using solar energy. The aim of this project was to improve the performance of solar still by adding an air blower which creates a bubbling effect in the still due to which the evaporation rate increases. The bubbling effect using the blower makes the raw water to circulate and to distribute heat energy equally. The evaporated raw water was collected in the glass plate as drop particles. The drop condenses due to ambient air and finally distillate output is collected in the jar, which is placed outside the still. The solar still with air blower arrangement gave higher difference in efficiency and higher distilled output when compared with solar still without an air blower.