基于建筑环境的空调系统设计及节能分析

分析了建筑环境对暖通空调系统的影响，提出从建筑环境方而考虑问题是暖通空调节能的必要途径，概括地介绍了空调能源的发展方向和空调节能的多种手法。     

关于暖通空调系统节能技术的研究综述

暖通空调系统是建筑能耗的主要组成部分,要减少建筑能耗,必须从暖通空调系统着手。通过分析和讨论暖通空调系统设计的依据和影响因素,分析了可再生能源在暖通空调系统上的研究成果,提出了目前暖通空调节能设计的难点和解决办法,并对未来研究做出了展望。     

浅谈暖通空调系统的节能设计方案

随着国内科学技术的不断发展,建筑暖通空调系统也在节能环保等方面提出了更好的要求。但目前,暖通空调系统的高能耗却与改善公共建筑的热环境,提高暖通空调系统的能源利用效率相互抵触,所以,对建筑项目中暖通空调进行节能设计的问题必须开展持续而深入的探讨,以保证暖通空调专业以科学合理的设计实现节能减排的目标。     

某近零能耗办公楼暖通空调系统优化运行分析

暖通空调系统能耗约占普通办公建筑运行总能耗的50%,相对于照明、插座和建筑其他能耗,暖通空调系统节能潜力较大。本文以某近零能耗建筑暖通空调系统为研究对象,介绍了该建筑暖通空调系统组成,供冷季冷机与末端系统连接方式及衍生的不同运行模式。基于独特的系统设计,通过逐年实际运行情况,总结该暖通空调系统较为优化的运行模式,并以实际运行数据说明该系统在2018年供冷季的运行情况。通过该项目暖通空调系统运行模式分析得出,由多种可再生能源集成的复合能源系统,要充分了解单个系统的运行特性,结合建筑负荷特点来制定暖通空调系统运行策略。在超低能耗、近零能耗能源系统设计过程中要因地制宜,通过技术分析比较,找到适合于本项目的暖通空调系统运行方式。     

对工业建筑暖通空调系统节能设计措施的探讨

现如今,世界各国面临着能源紧缺的严峻形势,我国工业社会的发展,应加强对建筑暖通空调系统节能设计措施的实践应用,从设计环节入手,尽可能减少工业建筑建设及使用的能源消耗,避免破坏生态环境。该文分析了工业建筑暖通空调系统采取节能设计的必要性,在此基础上,探讨了工业建筑暖通空调系统中科学合理的节能设计措施。     

公共建筑项目中暖通空调专业的绿色设计

室内环境质量、节能与能源利用与暖通空调专业紧密相关的。在设计阶段,室内设计参数决定着室内环境质量,而围护结构的热工性能和暖通空调系统设计直接决定着绿色建筑中节能与能源利用。本文对绿色建筑项目中的暖通空调设计做了初步探讨,旨在为绿色建筑项目中的暖通空调设计提供一定的指导。在项目设计中,不仅需要选择节能型的设备、设计合理的系统形式,还需与建筑师共同探讨建筑围护结构的热工性能,同时还需根据项目所在地的情况做到因地制宜,切忌盲目使用可再生能源。     

暖通空调系统节能设计措施探讨

暖通空调系统的节能问题在现代社会中越来越重要。节能技术的研究开发和运用是暖通空调系统、建筑系统节能的基础。本文分别从暖通空调系统的设计,热能回收,可再生能源的空调系统以及暖通空调系统自控策略四个方面探讨了暖通空调系统节能设计的措施。     

建筑暖通空调系统现状及节能措施综述

建筑暖通空调系统的技术升级与节能配套设置,是改善暖通空调系统节能效果的主要途径。本文对建筑暖通空调系统的能耗现状进行了简要的分析,并提出了几项实现建筑暖通空调系统节能的策略及措施。     

建筑暖通空调系统现状及节能措施综述

建筑暖通空调系统的技术升级与节能配套设置,是改善暖通空调系统节能效果的主要途径。本文对建筑暖通空调系统的能耗现状进行了简要的分析,并提出了几项实现建筑暖通空调系统节能的策略及措施。     

建筑暖通空调制冷系统中的环保节能技术

为实现建筑行业的可持续发展,在建筑暖通空调制冷系统中应用环保节能技术极为重要.首先从建筑工程角度出发,简要说明环保节能技术在建筑积暖通空调制冷系统中的应用优势,再基于建筑暖通空调的施工流程,从施工准备、高效能源利用、智能控制、太阳能吸收式制冷、水蓄冷技术、维护和故障排除等方面,探讨环保节能技术的应用策略.     

浅析我国宏观建筑能耗评价指标体系

我国建筑能耗问题迫在眉睫。本文从宏观的角度运用生命周期能耗理论较全面地分析了我国建筑能耗问题,提出了一套宏观建筑能耗指标体系,并对我国2001-2005年宏观建筑能耗问题进行了实证研究。     

三大"火炉"城市居住建筑窗户对能耗影响的分析

运用DOE2IN对两种建筑模型进行模拟,计算出夏热冬冷地区3个"火炉"城市的建筑窗户对建筑能耗的影响,从窗墙比和遮阳系数2个因素进行了分析,计算和比较了建筑8个朝向的单位面积的空调耗冷量和耗热量。     

苏中地区农村民用建筑能耗现状和节能对策

通过对典型的夏热冬冷地区——苏中地区的农村进行实地调研,分析得出了该地区民用建筑能耗现状,并结合当地实情,提出了合理的建筑节能措施,以供同类型地区建筑节能工作的开展参考借鉴。     

上海某高校学院楼基于能耗审计结果的节能潜力分析

以校园建筑节能监管平台为技术支持,对上海市某高校的学院楼进行能耗审计,并进行分项能耗分析,发现对于该高校建筑,空调系统、实验室和照明电耗分别占总电耗41.76%、27.55%和19.75%,是主要的耗能对象。通过采用人均建筑能耗和单位面积建筑能耗两项指标对该建筑进行评价,得出该建筑用能较为合理的结论。针对该建筑的能耗特点,提出可行的建筑节能措施并进行节能潜力分析。     

热电厂间接连接供暖系统能耗分析

以佳木斯市一新型墙体节能建筑小区供暖系统作为研究对象,通过对典型小区换热站的实际耗热量、耗电量和耗水量的统计和处理,分析了该类型供暖小区的供暖能耗水平,用实际供暖效果和数据验证了供暖系统的运行调节方法的效果和可行性。     

马鞍山市住宅建筑空调和采暖设备能耗调查

通过对马鞍山市60户住宅全年能耗的调查,分析了居户人口、收入、空调台数,住宅的建筑面积及建筑年代等因素对住宅建筑空调、采暖设备能耗的影响,得出了马鞍山市住宅、空调、采暖设备用电量规律。     

Partnership in building energy performance contracting

Building energy performance contracting is a business strategy to assist building owners overcome the financial barriers for improving the energy performance of their buildings. In return for the investments made into the energy-saving measures, the energy service contractors would share with the building owners the energy cost saving. Although the contractual arrangement is meant to create a win-win situation, disappointments could arise due to mismatches between the expected and actual outcomes. From a micro-economics viewpoint, the key factors contributing to the failure of a building energy performance contract are reviewed. To solve the commonly encountered problems in building energy performance contracting, it is proposed the conventional performance contract is replaced with a partnership formed jointly by the building owner and the energy service contractor, with the latter assuming the role of the performance contractor. This would unite the goals of the two parties and cultivate genuine cooperation between them. The key features for this new contractual arrangement are described along with how this arrangement could resolve typical energy performance contracting problems.     

Environmental impact analysis for typical office facades

The design of a building facade influences internal thermal and lighting conditions and energy use associated with the provision of these conditions. Key decisions about the building facade are usually taken during the concept design stage of a building, while decisions about the method of providing the environmental conditions are often made later in the design process. This dilemma is addressed by the development of a concept design tool that allows the design team to investigate the effect of facade design on the resulting internal environmental conditions, energy use and environmental impact. The concept design tool was developed by performing detailed thermal, lighting and environmental modelling for a number of generic office building facade designs and a range of parameters that affect directly the environmental performance of an office building. The results are presented in a user-friendly interface requiring a minimum number of inputs. Key parameter outputs (such as temperature, lighting levels, heating/cooling energy demand, embodied energy and eco-points) can then be viewed, while a more detailed analysis can also be created for specified facade designs. A parametric analysis of the summary result outputs for selected facade parameters indicates that natural ventilation and cooling can reduce the environmental impact of offices by up to 16%, although heating energy demand could increase significantly. Improving the construction standard of the facade and reducing the internal heat loads can reduce the environmental impact by up to 22%. Use of this tool at early design stages will benefit the design team through an improved understanding of the dynamics between facade design and building services and assist with a more integrated approach.     

双向扭转型金属阻尼器的研究

目前铅阻尼器多数是采用使铅发生相对平行移动的位移从而产生塑性变形,以此消耗外部能量。由于要提供相对平动,使一般的阻尼器都构造复杂。针对以上情况本文提出一种新型的阻尼器——双向扭转型金属阻尼器。该阻尼器利用铅可再结晶的特性,通过金属扭转变形,从而使铅消耗能量。实现了构造简单,原理简明并且可以提供有效阻尼的目的。     

Life-cycle carbon and cost analysis of energy efficiency measures in new commercial buildings

Energy efficiency in new building construction has become a key target to lower nation-wide energy use. The goals of this paper are to estimate life-cycle energy savings, carbon emission reduction, and cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency measures in new commercial buildings using an integrated design approach, and estimate the implications from a cost on energy-based carbon emissions. A total of 576 energy simulations are run for 12 prototypical buildings in 16 cities, with 3 building designs for each building-location combination. Simulated energy consumption and building cost databases are used to determine the life-cycle cost-effectiveness and carbon emissions of each design. The results show conventional energy efficiency technologies can be used to decrease energy use in new commercial buildings by 20-30% on average and up to over 40% for some building types and locations. These reductions can often be done at negative life-cycle costs because the improved efficiencies allow the installation of smaller, cheaper HVAC equipment. These improvements not only save money and energy, but reduce a building’s carbon footprint by 16% on average. A cost on carbon emissions from energy use increases the return on energy efficiency investments because energy is more expensive, making some cost-ineffective projects economically feasible.