试论南昆线隧道设计中的几个技术问题（下）

4家竹箐高瓦斯隧首设计要点南昆线家竹行隧道是高瓦斯隧道，这里谈一下有关设计问题。该隧道与煤层关系见图2。家竹行井田属贵州盘江矿务局，它以58度斜交于铁路隧道，隧道洞身穿过13层煤，最厚者4．97m，最薄者0．50m。因主要为成煤较深的无烟煤，瓦斯含量及瓦斯压力均高。相对涌出量最大为33．5m3八，是煤矿安全规程中高瓦斯矿标准的3，4倍。而绝对涌出量最大为288m3／h，是岩脚寨隧道的二倍。另外，家竹省隧道瓦斯压力估计在8．5个大气压以上，最高可能为18．9个大气压。它是我国建国以来最为严重的一座铁路瓦斯隧道。41辅助坑这方案和欧…     

小间距浅埋隧道的支护设计探讨

利用奥地利大型岩土工程有限元数值计算软件FINAL计算结果比较研究认为，在新奥法施工的小间距平行土质浅埋隧道中，对于中间岩柱的支护与设计，只要衬砌受力在合理范围内，不需要特别考虑中间岩柱的稳定性，而对其加设锚杆或者其他支护辅助手段，隧道之问的间距可以达到1．0m，甚至更少。列举了慕尼黑地铁隧道对这一结果的成功应用。对于近距离双孔平行隧道，两隧道相互之间的影响，不仅与围岩类别、隧道间距、开挖和支护方式有关，而且不同的开挖顺序，会有不同的结果。分析结果表明，如果先修建好一孔隧道，再修建另一孔隧道，第---~L隧道的修建会对第一孔隧道，特别是相近一侧有较大的影响，仰拱处容易出现拉应力；如果两孔隧道同时交替掘进，则隧道相互影响较大，第一孔隧道的底部和第二孔隧道的拱部，容易出现拉应力，总体衬砌受力比第一种开挖支护方式要小。两种开挖支护方式中，中间岩柱两侧土体和衬砌均处于受压状态。慕尼黑地铁U6段相距0．8m，两隧道的成功修建和运营，是对本文结论的成功验证。     

探析公路隧道病害维修与加固

介绍了公路隧道的常见病害,分析了病害产生的原因,并针对性地提出了隧道病害的维修措施和加固方法,指出为了避免公路隧道病害的发生,应该对隧道及时检查。     

隧道火灾和隧道防火涂料

本文不完全统计了近 5 0年来特大隧道火灾。针对隧道砌体不能耐高温的特点 ,研究出了一种耐潮湿环境的隧道防火涂料。该涂料施工方便 ,可喷可涂 ,而且成本低廉 ,可用于钢结构和混凝土的耐火保护     

国内首条双圆地铁隧道贯通

由上海隧道股份负责的国内首条双圆地铁隧道区间隧道于24日上午胜利贯通。     

多孔隧道施工的研究进展

地下铁道往往不是以单孔隧道形式出现,我国大多采用水平双孔平行隧道,两条隧道沿街道修建并排靠得很近,施工与运营期间,相互之间发生作用。本文综合了国内外多孔隧道施工历史、现状及发展趋势,阐述并总结了不同工 上多种施工形式的多孔隧道,对面向２１世纪的隧道力学研究作了较为全面的分析与展望 。     

由近年國際重大公路長隧道事故檢討隧道安全設施

台灣目前多項重大交通工程建設中,其公路隧道頗多不及備載,尤以目前施工中5km長之東西向快速公路漢寶草屯線(台76線)八卦山隧道,其安全設施備受瞩目。爰檢討公路隧道災害防救之處理,評估可行之預防及應變措施,收集對公路隧道安全改善作法,以為未來規劃、設施改善暨防災參據。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

新形势下高校强化基建财务管理的探讨

在市场条件下高校基建财务人员在加强日常财务管理的同时,必须树立起高度的工作责任心,抓好事前监督、事中监督、事后监督三个环节,全面理解、贯彻执行《高等学校财务制度》,管好用好各项基本建设资金,提高基建财务管理水平,更好地完成高校各项基建任务,以有限的投资,最快的建设速度,获得最大的投资效益。     

谈城市历史保护规划的误区

由于缺乏起码的历史文化知识,忽视历史文化遗产的保护,错误的决策导致了建设性的破坏,要加强城市保护的教育,培养合格人才。     

Variation in property taxation in Tulsa

Conclusions It may be reasonably concluded from this study that the range of variation in these ratios of assessed to actual value are of a reasonable size for the great majority of cases. The frequency distribution of these sample ratios was not normal, however, as was assumed a process of this type would produce. On the other hand, the failure of the regression analysis to identify any significant variables which would explain these variations would tend to re-enforce the assumption that the fluctuations were indeed of a random nature.To sum it up in one paragraph, aside from a few extreme cases, the assessing process appears to give estimates which are more consistent than would be expected under the assumption that any errors would be of a random nature, but the regression analysis was unable to isolate any particular socioeconomic characteristics which would explain the variation which was present.Financial support for this research project was furnished by the University of Tulsa.     

2008年日本火灾情况

<正>1火灾总数在2008年(1～12月),日本发生的火灾总数为52 394起,与2007年相比减少了2 188起(4.0%)。这相当于平均1天大约发生143起火灾,每10min发生一起火灾。火灾类别(见表1)。     

Experiences in radon-safe building in Finland

A study was made of radon-safe buildings in 300 Finnish low-rise residential buildings using data obtained from a questionnaire study. The study also aims at finding the main defects in design and implementation and how the guidance given on radon-safe buildings in slab-on-grade houses has been followed. According to the guidelines, the prevention of the flow of radon-bearing air from the soil into the house is recommended to be carried out through installation of aluminised bitumen felt and use of elastic sealants. Second, as a precaution perforated piping should be installed in the subsoil of the floor slab. The median indoor radon concentration in the houses was 155 Bq/m3. This is 32% lower than the median of the estimated reference values. The action level of 200 Bq/m3 was still exceeded in 40% of the houses. In most houses with slab-on-grade the prevention was based only on the installation of a sub-slab depressurisation system. Sealing was performed in a low number of houses. In 80% of houses with a sub-slab piping connected to an operating fan, radon concentration was below the action level of 200 Bq/m3. In houses with piping but no fan, the corresponding fraction was only 45%. Sub-slab piping without a fan had no remarkable effect on radon concentration. In houses with crawl-space and edge-thickened slabs, radon concentrations were low. The choice of foundation system thus significantly affects the indoor radon concentration. The importance of complete and careful sealing work should be stressed in advice and guides concerning radon prevention.