非线性静力分析MMPA方法的准确性评估

MMPA方法是将按类似弹性振型组合方法对各阶振型侧力模式下pushover分析计算结果进行耦合,按得到结构的弹塑性地震响应的一种非线性静力分析方法。该方法考虑了高阶振型对于高层结构的地震反应的影响。本文分别对两栋不同结构形式的规则高层结构进行了均匀侧力分布,第1振型水平侧力分布和MMPA方法的静力非线性分析。通过与弹塑性动力时程响应分析结果的比较分析,对MMPA方法计算高层建筑结构的准确性进行了评估。     

高层钢结构弹塑性抗震分析静动力综合法

现有的高层建筑结构罕遇地震分析方法可以归结为两大类,弹塑性动力时程分析方法和静力弹塑性分析方法。这两类方法各有其优点和不足。将动力和静力弹塑性分析方法结合起来,发挥各自的优势是改进高层建筑结构罕遇地震分析方法的一种思路。本文提出了一种可以应用于高阶振型和扭转效应不可忽略的高层钢结构罕遇地震分析方法———静动力综合法。该方法结合了动力弹塑性时程分析、高层建筑结构等效弹塑性层模型和静力推覆分析方法的优点。通过算例分析验证了静动力综合法的合理性和适用性,以及静力弹塑性分析方法在三维非对称结构中应用的可行性。     

考虑高阶振型影响的改进的多模态推覆分析方法

将结构静力弹塑性分析与地震反应谱结合起来的Pushover方法是一种简单有效的结构抗震能力评定方法,本文简要介绍了这种方法的原理,并在多模态pushover分析方法的基础上,提出了改进的多模态pushover分析方法,用以建立钢框架结构的能力谱曲线。求解结构在性能点处的响应时,为了考虑高阶振型对结构抗震性能的影响,首次把振型质量参与系数应用到模态推覆分析结果的组合中。通过与弹塑性时程分析的比较,表明本文提出的改进的多模态推覆分析方法是可行的和准确的。     

高层建筑结构抗震弹塑性分析方法及抗震性能评估的研究

以反应谱理论为依据,建立了循环侧推的多振型高层建筑结构静力弹塑性分析方法。在此基础上,归纳、总结得到结构等效恢复力模型的骨架曲线及滞回特性,发展了较简单且较为精确的计算在地震作用下高层建筑结构顶层位移反应的方法。探讨了应用静力、动力弹塑性分析结果进行抗震性能评估的基本原则。最后给出算例对本文的研究进行了论证。     

多层大悬挑钢结构体系静力与抗震性能设计

内蒙古伊旗全民健身体育中心主体结构采用下部收进、上部多层大悬挑结构,体系的竖向刚度明显不规则,使得结构体系在静力及罕遇地震作用下弹塑性性能成为结构体系安全控制的关键因素。首先对主体结构进行静力弹塑性分析,选取性能目标对不同方案进行对比,优化选择了带外斜交网格结构的多层大悬挑结构体系。随后分别采用振型分解反应谱法、弹性动力时程分析法和弹塑性动力时程分析方法对该结构体系进行了抗震性能分析,重点对结构的不规则性、结构安全性、大震下弹塑性性能及抗倒塌性能进行分析。分析表明,按选定性能目标优化得到的结构体系经济合理,实现了多层大悬挑结构在静力及地震作用下性能安全的设计目标。     

框架结构基于静力弹塑性分析原理的ETABS分析

静力弹塑性分析方法作为一种较好的结构非线性地震反应分析方法，近年来越来越受到我国设计人员的重视。本文通过此方法用ETABS程序对某6层钢筋混凝土框架结构进行静力弹塑性分析，并根据所得的分析结果评价其抗震性能。     

楼板开洞对抗震性能的影响

针对高层结构楼板开洞在地震作用下的受力特点,以15层框架结构为基础,采用MIDAS有限元软件对结构构件的受力性能进行了模拟分析,并应用反应谱振型分解法、静力弹塑性分析对结构的周期、顶点位移等进行了对比,得出了楼板开洞对结构整体的影响规律。     

改进分析过程的模态pushover分析

Chopra的模态pushover分析需要求解各振型等效单自由度体系动力方程,以得到结构对应振型pushover分析的终止目标位移,进而求解对应多自由度体系的各阶振型下楼层的位移。本文对Chopra的模态pushover分析过程进行了改进,通过振型pushover曲线与弹塑性反应谱相交的性能点来求解对应多自由度体系各阶振型下的楼层位移,以考虑高阶振型对静力弹塑性分析方法的影响。并通过SAP2000实现改进模态pushover分析过程,计算结果表明改进的模态pushover分析可以有效的考虑高阶振型影响。     

高层建筑结构抗震性能评估方法的研究与改进

为在高层建筑静力弹塑性分析中考虑高阶振型的影响,在模态Pushover分析方法基础上,采用能力谱法替代原有的动力时程分析,在现行规范加速度反应谱基础上计算结构各振型等效单自由度(ESDOF)体系各性能水平的位移反应,然后将其转化为相应多自由度(MDOF)结构的位移反应,并通过振型组合方法(SRSS)求得结构的总位移反应,用其与剪力墙的目标位移进行比较,判断设计结果是否满足性能目标要求。结果表明:该方法较合理地反映了结构在设计地震作用下的位移需求。     

静力弹塑性分析方法基于水平位移加载模式的研究

针对基于性能的抗震设计方法,指出了目前基于力分布模式的静力弹塑性分析方法中存在的问题,通过对结构进行不同地震等级的弹塑性时程分析,得出了稳定分布的侧向位移加载方式.采用基于位移加载模式的静力弹塑性分析方法评估结构弹塑性抗震性能,克服了基于水平力加载模式方法的不足.研究表明,结构进入弹塑性后,楼层水平位移的分布相对楼层水平力稳定,并且基于位移加载模式的推覆分析较基于水平力加载模式的推覆分析更接近于弹塑性时程分析结果.同时,基于位移模式的静力弹塑性分析方法也便于确定结构的层间位移.     

An improved multidimensional modal pushover analysis procedure for seismic evaluation of latticed arch‐type structures under lateral and vertical earthquakes

Pushover methods for seismic assessment of buildings under multidimensional earthquakes have been studied and retrofitted. However, these current methods are not suitable when applied to widely adopted arch‐type structures characterized by strong geometrical nonlinearity and coupling effects. An improved multidimensional modal pushover procedure with two‐stage analyses is proposed for seismic evaluation of latticed arches. Taking overall multidimensional response into consideration, modal stiffness of the equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom system is derived, and its capacity curve is determined during the first‐stage analysis. To provide a deformation profile with algebraic signs of response retained, the second‐stage analysis is conducted using the pushover load pattern derived from modal displacement superposition. The objective of the improved procedure is to overcome the drawback of the conventional modal pushover method, which describes the capacity curve resorting to base shear and roof displacement, and that of quadratic combination rules which eliminate the sign reversals of response. To validate its serviceability, nodal displacements and element stresses, as well as the yielding members, of two typical latticed arches are calculated. Through comparative analysis, the results by the improved procedure exhibit good agreement with those by response history analysis. Additionally, this procedure demonstrates great superiority over the conventional method for its satisfying accuracy.     

框架——剪力墙结构的静力弹塑性分析研究

静力弹塑性方法作为一种评价结构抗震性能和计算结构弹塑性变形的简化方法,近年来得到了广泛应用。但由于传统的定侧力模式的静力弹塑性方法只考虑第一振型,无法反映高层建筑结构的高阶振型影响。为考虑高阶振型的影响,Chopra在振型分解反应谱组合法的基础上,提出了MPA方法。本文首先讨论了应用MPA方法需注意的问题,然后用一个18层钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构为算例,以逐步增量弹塑性时程分析结果为基准,对传统定侧力模式静力弹塑性方法和MPA方法的分析结果进行了对比研究。结果表明,相比于定侧力模式静力弹塑性分析结果,MPA方法的分析结果更接近弹塑性时程分析结果。     

空间结构多维地震反应两阶段推覆分析方法

现有的推覆分析方法在计算空间结构多维地震响应组合值时,采用的"平方根式"组合准则丢弃了响应的正负符号,造成结构响应模式"正向膨胀"的失真现象,且针对响应进行组合的计算方式也丧失了推覆分析能够观察结构弹塑性发展全过程的特有优势.针对此问题,提出空间结构多维地震反应两阶段推覆分析方法,该方法在基于振型刚度的第一阶段非线性推...     

A consecutive modal pushover procedure for estimating the seismic demands of tall buildings

The nonlinear static procedure (NSP), based on pushover analysis, has become a favourite tool for use in practical applications for building evaluation and design verification. The NSP is, however, restricted to single-mode response. It is therefore valid for low-rise buildings where the behaviour is dominated by the fundamental vibration mode. It is well recognized that the seismic demands derived from the conventional NSP are greatly underestimated in the upper storeys of tall buildings, in which higher-mode contributions to the response are important. This paper presents a new pushover procedure which can take into account higher-mode effects. The procedure, which has been named the consecutive modal pushover (CMP) procedure, utilizes multi-stage and single-stage pushover analyses. The final structural responses are determined by enveloping the results of multi-stage and single-stage pushover analyses. The procedure is applied to four special steel moment-resisting frames with different heights. A comparison between estimates from the CMP procedure and the exact values obtained by nonlinear response history analysis (NL-RHA), as well as predictions from modal pushover analysis (MPA), has been carried out. It is demonstrated that the CMP procedure is able to effectively overcome the limitations of traditional pushover analysis, and to accurately predict the seismic demands of tall buildings.     

A static pushover method for identifying weak areas of earthquake resistant space frame structures

空间网格结构在强震下出现薄弱区的原因是该区域杆件的地震内力与决定其截面配置的非抗震设计内力差异较大，且该内力差异主要来自于少数模态的贡献。为此，利用非抗震设计和多遇地震验算的最不利内力，提出了一种疑似薄弱区杆件的简便判别方法。基于多遇地震下由振型分解反应谱法计算得到的结构响应，可以确定疑似薄弱区杆件地震内力的主要贡献模态。考虑这些主要贡献模态并参考振型质量参与系数，构造了能够近似反映最不利单向地震响应的综合模态，并基于结构应变能相等的原则确定了罕遇地震水平的等效静力推覆荷载。给出了一种能够计入三向地震动贡献的静力推覆方法，并对一个三心圆柱面双层网壳算例进行了推覆分析。通过与动力弹塑性时程分析结果对比发现，只要在建立推覆荷载时组合模态包括了疑似薄弱区杆件地震内力的主要贡献模态,并且所有组合模态的振型质量参与系数之和大于90%，则该静力推覆方法可以有效识别到该结构在罕遇地震下可能形成的薄弱区。     

空间网格结构抗震薄弱区识别的静力推覆方法

空间网格结构在强震下出现薄弱区的原因是该区域杆件的地震内力与决定其截面配置的非抗震设计内力差异较大,且该内力差异主要来自于少数模态的贡献。为此,利用非抗震设计和多遇地震验算的最不利内力,提出了一种疑似薄弱区杆件的简便判别方法。基于多遇地震下由振型分解反应谱法计算得到的结构响应,可以确定疑似薄弱区杆件地震内力的主要贡献模态。考虑这些主要贡献模态并参考振型质量参与系数,构造了能够近似反映最不利单向地震响应的综合模态,并基于结构应变能相等的原则确定了罕遇地震水平的等效静力推覆荷载。给出了一种能够计入三向地震动贡献的静力推覆方法,并对一个三心圆柱面双层网壳算例进行了推覆分析。通过与动力弹塑性时程分析结果对比发现,只要在建立推覆荷载时组合模态包括了疑似薄弱区杆件地震内力的主要贡献模态,并且所有组合模态的振型质量参与系数之和大于90%,则该静力推覆方法可以有效识别到该结构在罕遇地震下可能形成的薄弱区。     

Pushover方法的准确性和适用性研究

Pushover方法作为一种建筑结构弹塑性地震响应的简化近似计算方法和抗震性能评价方法已得到广泛应用。但由于其理论基础不严密,其准确性需要给予必要确认,同时其适用性也应受到一定的限制。本文以逐步增量弹塑性时程方法的结果为基准,分别以一个普通6层RC框架结构和一个18层RC框架-剪力墙结构为例,对Pushover方法的准确性和适用性进行了分析研究。结果表明,Pushover方法仅适用于以第一振型为主的高度不大的结构,且应采用两种以上的侧力模式;对于高阶振型影响较大的结构,该方法的准确性较差,承载力预测显著偏低。     

An improved consecutive modal pushover procedure for estimating seismic demands of multi‐storey framed buildings

An improved consecutive modal pushover (ICMP) procedure is proposed to enhance the accuracy of conventional CMP procedure for estimating seismic demands of tall buildings. It accounts for inelastic structural properties and interaction between vibration modes. The displacement increment at the roof of buildings used in each stage of pushover analyses is modified based on the displacement contribution of each mode. The performance of the proposed ICMP procedure is verified against three high‐rise frames subjected to various ground motions. The results obtained from the ICMP procedure are compared with those from the nonlinear time history analysis, conventional pushover analysis, and CMP analysis. The comparison shows the advantages of the ICMP over the other pushover procedures. It is concluded that the ICMP procedure is more accurate than the CMP procedure.     

Assessment of modified consecutive modal pushover analysis for estimating the seismic demands of tall buildings with dual system considering steel concentrically braced frames

According to the previous researches, conventional nonlinear static procedure (NSP), which is limited to single mode response, cannot predict the seismic demands of tall buildings with reliable accuracy. To estimate the seismic demands in upper stories for tall buildings the effects of higher modes should be included. In the recent years, developing traditional pushover analysis to consider the effects of higher modes conducted researchers to propose several methods, such as N2, MPA and MMPA procedures, that have a specific approach to estimate seismic demands of structures but the accuracy of them is doubtable for estimating of hinge plastic rotations. Recently consecutive modal pushover (CMP) procedure was proposed to consider the effects of higher modes with acceptable accuracy especially in prediction of hinge plastic rotations. The CMP procedure was limited to include two or three modes, and use of higher modes might cause some inaccuracy at results of upper stories. In CMP procedure, estimation of modal participating factors is important and choosing inadequate modes may cause large errors. In this paper some changes have been applied to the CMP procedure to improve accuracy of the results and the modified method is proposed and named modified consecutive modal pushover (MCMP) procedure. In this modified method the contribution of mode is used of effective modal participating mass ratio. The comparison of MCMP procedure to exact values derived by nonlinear response history analysis (NL-RHA) demonstrated the reliable predictions and it can overcome the limitations of traditional pushover analysis.     

The modified dynamic‐based pushover analysis of steel moment resisting frames

A modified dynamic‐based pushover (MDP) analysis is proposed to properly consider the effects of higher modes and the nonlinear behavior of the structural systems. For this purpose, first, a dynamic‐based story force distribution (DSFD) load pattern is constructed using a linear dynamic analysis, either time history (THA) or response spectrum (RSA). Performing an initial pushover analysis with the DSFD load pattern, a nonlinearity modification factor (NMF) is calculated to modify the DSFD load pattern. The envelope of the peak responses of the structure obtained from 2 pushover analyses with the modified DSFD load pattern as well as the code suggested first mode load pattern are considered as the final demand parameters of the structural system. The efficiency of the proposed MDP procedure is investigated using the results of nonlinear THA besides some existing pushover procedures. For this purpose, the 2‐dimensional 9‐, 15‐, and 20‐story, SAC steel frame building models are considered for parametric studies using OpenSees program. The results indicate that the proposed MDP‐THA and MDP‐RSA methods can significantly improve the performance of the pushover analysis. Considering the accuracy and calculation efforts, the MDP‐RSA method is strongly suggested as an efficient and applicable method to estimate the nonlinear response demands of steel moment resisting frames.