各类农机油路故障排除方法

农机主要分为柴油机农机和汽油机农机两种,农机在使用的过程中经常会出现一些故障,在这些故障中油路故障是最常见的,汽油机和柴油机的油路是不同的,所以两种农机油路在出现问题的时候的排除方法也是不同的。     

砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器的使用与维护

介绍了砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器运行中注意的问题和正确使用及维护方法。分析了脉冲袋式除尘器常见的故障类型、故障产生原因和排除方法,对提高砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器除尘效率和使用寿命具有指导作用。     

农业机械常见故障及维修技巧

<正>随着农业生产逐渐向着集约化、现代化和机械化的方向发展,农业机械的使用量也逐年大增,尤其是在闽北的农村山区,农业机械已大面积普及,但是普及时间相对较短,农民对机械的使用和维修方法了解不多,在使用过程中,常常会因操作不当或机械本身的质量问题而导致机械出现故障。1.常见故障分类1.1堵塞与治漏型故障。堵塞与治漏型故障是指农机在使用过程中出现漏水、渗油、漏气等现象。1.2损坏型故障。损坏型故障主要是因为操作人员对农     

砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器的使用与维护

介绍了砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器运行中注意的问题和正确使用及维护方法。分析了脉冲袋式除尘器常见的故障类型、故障产生原因和排除方法,对提高砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器除尘效率和使用寿命具有指导作用。     

三门核电电解海水制氯系统电解槽打火原因分析及处理

文章针对三门核电厂电解海水制氯加药系统在使用过程中电解槽频繁发生打火故障,造成制氯系统不可用的问题,分析了引起打火的原因,并介绍了故障的处理方法,为处理此类故障积累了一定经验。     

浅谈交流接触器的使用

针对交流接触器在使用过程中出现的问题 ,分析了产生故障的原因 ,并阐明了解决故障的办法 ,提出了使用过程中的注意事项 ,以使广大安装和维护人员正确使用。     

砖厂脉冲袋式除尘嚣的使用与维护

介绍了砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器运行中注意的问题和正确使用及维护方法.分析了脉冲袋式除尘器常见的故障类型、故障产生原因和排除方法,对提高砖厂脉冲袋式除尘器除尘效率和使用寿命具有指导作用.     

C语言在WinCC监视系统语音报警中的应用

WinCC监视系统在安装报警组建后就能够实现语音报警功能,在实际的操作个过程中,为了提高WinCC的运行效率,往往会安装C语言来实现语音报警的功能。C语言实现语音报警功能主要就是通过一定的函数来实行的,通过安装规定的驱动播放器来放出一些指定的音频。本文详细的分析了C语言在WinCC监视系统语音报警中的应用,希望能够不断的推动我国语音报警功能的进步和发展,扩大语音报警功能的应用范围。     

WinCC冗余监控系统在汽车玻璃冷端生产线中的应用

该文介绍了基于WinCC双机冗余的汽车玻璃冷端生产线控制系统的实现方法,进一步对控制系统的结构和采用PROFINET现场总线、Ethernet和Internet的三层网络结构进行阐述,详细说明了WinCC冗余服务器的实现过程和工作过程。该系统实现了对工业现场不间断监控,极大的提高了控制系统的可靠性和安全性。     

质量问题技术归零方法的应用与实践

产品在研制和使用过程中不可避免会出现质量问题,本文着重阐述了技术归零的方法,探讨了故障分析和解决的途径。目的是将技术归零的原则和方法,应用于产品质量问题的处理,以便在第一时间准确的定位故障,有效解决问题,最终获得顾客满意。     

竖直埋管地源热泵系统运行监测平台的研究

采用能效监测系统进行实验测试,并通过数据测量和采集装置,采用数据传输手段,实现数据在线、实时监测和动态分析等功能,为竖直埋管地源热泵系统的实验研究提供基础数据。将西门子PLC-200作为下位机,利用现场安装的温度、压力、流量等传感器,采集相关的温度、流量等基础热工参数;WinCC则作为系统的上位机,监控整个系统的运行。实现了可再生能源利用系统的多样化、高效化。     

基于S7-400 PLC的控制系统在污水厂的应用

介绍了由Simatic S7-400 PLC、通用变频器MicroMaster和工控组态软件WinCC组成的基于Profibus-FMS总线的分布式控制系统及其在头屯河污水处理厂的应用。系统采用集中管理、分散控制的方式,上位机负责现场设备的远程控制和监视,控制站负责对具体的工艺、设备、主要被控参数进行控制及采集各种运行数据;上位机与PLC之间组网简单、运行速度快、通信稳定性强,提高了污水处理设备的运行效率和管理水平,具有推广应用价值。     

太阳能-燃气耦合利用建筑供热数据采集与监控系统开发

该系统的设计以太阳能优先,燃气壁挂炉为主,最大化利用太阳能资源,在满足地板采暖制备的情况下,富余的热量可以补充到生活用水当中去。在控制系统方面,则是采用的SIEMENS系列的PLC-200作为下位机,利用现场安装的温度、压力、流量等传感器采集相关的温度、流量等基础热工参数;Win CC则作为系统的上位机,监控整个系统的运行。数据库SQL实现了采集数据的归档管理,做到了实时跟踪,监控报警。整个实验平台搭建完毕后,对系统进行了相关的调试,结果表明监控系统具有很好的稳定性和可靠性。     

杭州亚运村综合管廊兼顾人防设计方法研究

在我国当前大规模城市基础设施建设进程中,为提高城市生命线工程的防护性能,降低战时破坏带来的不利影响,对于综合管廊兼顾人防设计的需求逐渐提上议事日程。本文首先系统回顾了我国在该领域内的理论研究历程及工程实践现状,对综合管廊工程兼顾人防设计的理论要点做了全面分析总结,归纳了全套设计方法;其次以杭州亚运村片区综合管廊防护设计为例,侧重于片区管廊防护单元的总体布局特点,介绍了按浙江省人防标准进行防护设计的方法和思路,详细分析各专业防护设计方法及技术措施;最后基于前述内容,提炼了该领域内关键技术问题,并对技术标准及相关技术措施提出了建议。本文提出的设计思路方法以及工程实例,可供目前国内类似工程规划设计借鉴参考。     

Trace metal behaviour in estuarine and riverine floodplain soils and sediments: a review

This paper reviews the factors affecting trace metal behaviour in estuarine and riverine floodplain soils and sediments. Spatial occurrence of processes affecting metal mobility and availability in floodplains are largely determined by the topography. At the oxic-anoxic interface and in the anoxic layers of floodplain soils, especially redox-sensitive processes occur, which mainly result in the inclusion of metals in precipitates or the dissolution of metal-containing precipitates. Kinetics of these processes are of great importance for these soils as the location of the oxic-anoxic interface is subject to change due to fluctuating water table levels. Other important processes and factors affecting metal mobility in floodplain soils are adsorption/desorption processes, salinity, the presence of organic matter, sulphur and carbonates, pH and plant growth. Many authors report highly significant correlations between cation exchange capacity, clay or organic matter contents and metal contents in floodplain soils. Iron and manganese (hydr)oxides were found to be the main carriers for Cd, Zn and Ni under oxic conditions, whereas the organic fraction was most important for Cu. The mobility and availability of metals in a floodplain soil can be significantly reduced by the formation of metal sulphide precipitates under anoxic conditions. Ascending salinity in the flood water promotes metal desorption from the floodplain soil in the absence of sulphides, hence increases total metal concentrations in the water column. The net effect of the presence of organic matter can either be a decrease or an increase in metal mobility, whereas the presence of carbonates in calcareous floodplain soils or sediments constitutes an effective buffer against a pH decrease. Moreover, carbonates may also directly precipitate metals. Plants can affect the metal mobility in floodplain soils by oxidising their rhizosphere, taking up metals, excreting exudates and stimulating the activity of microbial symbionts in the rhizosphere.     

Metamorphism in culture and housing desing: Turkey as an example

Lawrence maintains about all architectural environments and housing that, they are both in a relationship with culture and they are a total configuration of social, demographical, psychological, human behavioral and environmental structure. Moreover, in analyzing this complex structure, he emphasizes to examine it within two perspectives: design-meaning and use. Consequently, the basic components, which affect housing design, are classified in three main topics: cultural, social, and psychological. In the light of Lawrence's ideas, under the topic of the role of culture and tradition in the development of housing, this paper aims to define the basic Turkish traditional housing principles with slogans and important examples. In this content, cultural, social and psychological components in traditional Turkish houses are held under the heading of the development of traditional Turkish house. The organization rules, the effects of the basic psycho-social components…etc., and the presence of these principles are criticized with Turkish housing examples before and after 1980. The chosen period in this study is not coincidental. The aim of choosing the periods before and after 1980 has a special meaning in Turkey's economic, politic and social life. Choosing these two basic periods, will not only point out the changes—like a metamorphism—in cultural life, but in architectural needs in Turkish houses. Therefore, in the aim of analyzing cultural changes and their effects on housing design, the architectural meanings in the elements of Turkish houses are put forward in details, in order to make some estimation for the future of changing Turkish architectural life.     

A study of the cycling of manganese and other elements in a seasonally anoxic lake, Rostherne Mere, U.K.

The vertical distribution of sulphate, dissolved sulphide, alkalinity, pH, total iron and manganese, Fe(II) and Mn(II) and humic substances was monitored for a year in a seasonally anoxic lake, Rostherne Mere, U.K. During summer stratification Mn(II), probably of sediment origin, accumulated in the hypolimnetic bottom waters to a concentration of 50μm. Release occurred in two stages and appeared to be related to the supply of organic material to the sediment. No ferrous iron or dissolved sulphide were detected in the water column, although they were measured in the interstitial waters of the sediment. Ferrous sulphide formation in the sediment controls the iron(II) and dissolved sulphide concentrations and so minimises the concentration gradients at the sediment-water interface. Electron acceptors other than oxygen are capable of oxidising ferrous and sulphide ions in the water column. pH and alkalinity were the only other chemical components to show appreciable variation with depth, reflecting the biological processes of photosynthesis, respiration and decomposition. Iron and humic substances simultaneously increased in the surface waters after a major flood indicating that they are both present in the solution in contact with the soils of the catchment.     

生态还是自然主义: 关于当代种植设计的简要回顾和一些思考

Nature is a cultural construct, and a symbolic form to our cultural landscape. It plays a critical role in the profession of Landscape Architecture, shaping both the practice in the constructed environment as well as the conception of landscape in Pedagogy. This article evaluates contemporary landscape architecture practice in the U.S. through the lens of planting design and ecological design approaches. This retrospect situates selected individuals and their practices in the field of landscape architecture in the past two decades, in parallel with the evolving ecological understanding. These individuals and their works demonstrate the changes in planting design and ecological thinking in the professional practice, and most importantly how these changes contribute to current ecological design methodologies, landscape aesthetics, and public perception of landscape. In addition, the article aims to illustrate a shifting conception of Nature over time and in different cultural context, in which different conceptions of Nature facilitate various approaches to addressing environmental issues. By situating in such context, the article hopes to provide a critical view of contemporary American landscape architecture practice and the current ecological agenda, in order to enable discussions regarding the professional practice in the future.     

Towards an ‘Integration Model’ of Planning Education Programmes in a European and International Context: The Contribution of Recent Greek Experience

The article investigates planning education programmes and attempts to re-orient them in the context of both an international ‘problematique’ in reforming planning education, and European Union directives about the creation of a common European space in higher education. First, the article reviews the international trends in changes and challenges in planning and planning education in the 21st century and proposes an ‘integration model’ of planning education programmes in a European and international context. Second, the article focuses on the development of planning studies in Greece. It presents their history and development as well as the institutional framework in which planning and planning education operate. It then analyses the Greek educational curricula in two ways: (1) a quantitative analysis classifying courses into different thematic areas and thereby, revealing the basic structure of the curricula; and (2) a qualitative analysis based on interviews with academic staff in charge of educational curricula and examining the content of courses, the adopted pedagogies and possible restrictions (e.g. human capital, institutional framework, etc.) in introducing effective planning curricula. Finally, the article proposes guidelines for re-orienting educational curricula in Greek schools of planning and draws out wider implications for planning studies in the wider European and international context.