高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面偏压构件试验研究及承载力分析

进行了48根屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面偏心受压构件试验,考虑了不同截面形式、厚度、长细比和荷载偏心方式的影响,研究了这类偏心受压构件的破坏模式、承载力影响因素以及构件承载力计算方法。结果表明：高强冷弯薄壁型钢偏压构件由于材料强度高,截面宽厚比较大,局部屈曲和畸变屈曲的影响较大,我国规范仅考虑了局部屈曲的影响而没有全面考虑畸变屈曲的影响,这使得部分发生畸变屈曲的试件计算结果偏于不安全,但又对不发生畸变屈曲的长细比较大的构件偏于保守。最后,在试验和现有规范方法比较分析的基础上,提出了一种适用于高强冷弯薄壁型钢偏压构件极限承载力的建议计算方法。该建议方法计算所得结果与试验结果吻合较好,且安全可靠,可供设计参考。     

冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法

直接强度法(DSM)是一种不采用有效截面而取用全截面对冷弯薄壁型钢构件进行设计的全新方法。该法可计算冷弯薄壁型钢板件屈曲后的构件承载力,还可计算畸变屈曲构件的承载力。介绍了直接强度法的基本概念、发展现状、研究成果和设计方法等。用实例说明了直接强度法的计算过程,供设计研究参考。     

G550高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件力学性能与设计方法

为了研究高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件的力学性能和设计方法,对3种板件加劲形式的G550高强冷弯薄壁型钢槽形截面受弯构件进行了试验研究和有限元参数分析。结果表明,板件加劲形式对高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件屈曲模式和受弯承载力有显著影响,翼缘V形加劲比腹板V形加劲能够更有效地提高构件抗弯承载力,构件抗弯承载力的变化规律与屈曲模式有关。根据有限元参数分析结果,在已有直接强度法基础上回归出适用于高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件的直接强度法修正公式。     

高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件畸变屈曲性能研究

建立了考虑材料和几何双重非线性的550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件畸变屈曲性能分析的有限元模型,并通过对两种厚度高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压构件畸变屈曲试验已有结果的分析比较验证了其有效性;采用该模型进一步分析了厚度、长度、初始缺陷模式及幅值等参数对畸变屈曲轴压构件承载力的影响,并对轴压构件畸变屈曲发生机理进行了探讨。结果表明：厚度、长度和初始缺陷模式是影响畸变屈曲轴压构件承载力的主要因素,且卷边面内屈曲是槽形截面轴压构件发生畸变屈曲的主要原因。通过理论计算与试验结果的对比分析,表明可以采用建议方法计算此类复杂截面轴压构件的畸变屈曲承载力。     

冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件承载力计算的折减强度法

为了研究冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件的极限承载力,对15根轴心受压的冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢进行了破坏性试验,并采用有限元分析方法对试件进行模拟分析,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了有限元方法的有效性,然后对典型截面构件进行大量的有限元参数分析。研究结果表明：冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件的极限承载力随着构件翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比、长细比以及钢材强度的增大而减小。通过参数分析得到了考虑局部屈曲、整体屈曲和畸变屈曲影响的构件屈服强度折减系数,提出了冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件承载力计算的折减强度法及其相应计算公式,且通过试验验证了本文折减强度法计算卷边槽钢轴心受压构件极限承载力的适用性。     

超薄冷弯型钢C形截面构件轴压承载力分析

分析了壁厚不同对冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面轴压构件抗压承载力的影响,运用有限元软件ABAQUS对构件进行了线性屈曲分析,并结合有限条程序CUFSM,通过直接强度法计算了不同厚度冷弯薄壁型钢构件极限承载力,得出了一些有意义的结论。     

腹板加劲冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢压弯构件畸变性能试验研究

为研究偏心荷载作用下拼合构件的畸变屈曲性能,并评估现行中美规范计算方法适用性,对22个腹板V形加劲及开孔的冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢柱进行受压性能试验,得到了不同柱长、不同开孔位置及个数、不同偏心距以及绕强轴和弱轴弯曲方向的拼合构件的破坏模式和承载力。试验结果表明：所有腹板V形加劲及开孔的冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢柱均发生了畸变屈曲或以畸变为主的相关屈曲,畸变半波的分布受孔洞和加劲的影响;绕强轴和绕弱轴偏心方向及偏心距大小对承载力有显著影响。基于现行中美规范计算方法对腹板V形加劲及开孔的冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢柱承载力进行研究,结果表明：计算绕强轴压弯承载力时,按GB 50018—2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》、JGJ/T 421—2018《冷弯薄壁型钢多层住宅技术标准》以及美国NAS100-16的承载力公式计算结果均偏于安全;计算绕弱轴压弯承载力时,试验结果与按GB 50018—2002和美国NAS100-16的承载力公式计算结果的比值平均值为1.16、1.15,偏于安全且较为合理,与按JGJ/T 421—2018的计算结果的比值平均值为1.66,较为保守,建议拼合构件的双肢可靠连接时,按拼合整体截面计算绕弱轴稳定承载力。     

冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法

对冷弯薄壁型钢截面板件屈曲性能进行了研究,提出了直接强度法,对该法的原理、基本概念和设计方法进行了介绍,指出直接强度法可以计算冷弯薄壁型钢板件屈曲后的构件承截力,还可计算畸变屈曲的构件载力。     

Experimental investigation on distortional performance of cold-formed steel built-up channel columns with web stiffeners under eccentric compression

为研究偏心荷载作用下拼合构件的畸变屈曲性能，并评估现行中美规范计算方法适用性，对22个腹板V形加劲及开孔的冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢柱进行受压性能试验，得到了不同柱长、不同开孔位置及个数、不同偏心距以及绕强轴和弱轴弯曲方向的拼合构件的破坏模式和承载力。试验结果表明：所有腹板V形加劲及开孔的冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢柱均发生了畸变屈曲或以畸变为主的相关屈曲，畸变半波的分布受孔洞和加劲的影响；绕强轴和绕弱轴偏心方向及偏心距大小对承载力有显著影响。基于现行中美规范计算方法对腹板V形加劲及开孔的冷弯薄壁拼合H形钢柱承载力进行研究，结果表明：计算绕强轴压弯承载力时，按GB 50018—2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》、JGJ/T 421—2018《冷弯薄壁型钢多层住宅技术标准》以及美国NAS100-16的承载力公式计算结果均偏于安全；计算绕弱轴压弯承载力时，试验结果与按GB 50018—2002和美国NAS100-16的承载力公式计算结果的比值平均值为1.16、1.15，偏于安全且较为合理，与按JGJ/T 421—2018的计算结果的比值平均值为1.66，较为保守，建议拼合构件的双肢可靠连接时，按拼合整体截面计算绕弱轴稳定承载力。     

高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件设计可靠度分析

基于已有的承载力试验研究结果,对屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢中常用的卷边槽形截面轴压构件和偏压构件的计算模式不定性进行了分析,并统计分析了高强冷弯薄壁型钢强度不定性、几何特性不定性。在此基础上,采用改进一次二阶矩方法,按现有规范的抗力分项系数要求,计算了高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件和偏压构件不同可能荷载组合下的可靠指标。结果表明：对于宽厚比符合规范要求的屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件和偏压构件,按现有规范的抗力分项系数计算得到的可靠指标均能满足目标可靠指标的要求,证明了所采用的承载力计算方法的适用性;但对于宽厚比超出规范要求的轴压和偏压构件,计算得到的可靠指标不能满足目标可靠指标的要求。     

G550高强冷弯薄壁Z形钢受弯构件承载力试验与直接强度法研究

为了研究高强冷弯薄壁型钢构件的受弯性能和完善直接强度法,对卷边形式为斜卷边、直卷边和复杂卷边的12个G550高强冷弯薄壁Z形钢受弯试件进行了静力试验。试验结果表明,卷边形式对试件屈曲模式和受弯承载力有显著影响,试件发生了局部与畸变相关屈曲或畸变屈曲,直卷边试件的承载力高于斜卷边试件的承载力,复杂Ⅱ型卷边试件的承载力高于复杂Ⅰ型卷边试件的承载力。根据试验结果并结合现有国外直接强度法公式,回归出G550高强冷弯薄壁Z形钢受弯构件发生局部与畸变相关屈曲变形时的承载力直接强度法修正公式,当此类构件发生畸变屈曲时,无需再修正现有直接强度法公式。建立有限元模型对试验进行了分析,分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。在此基础上,利用大量有限元分析结果验证了直接强度法修正公式比现有直接强度法公式对此类构件的承载力的预测更为安全可靠。     

高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压柱畸变屈曲研究

550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压柱发生畸变屈曲时会出现三种模式（O—O,O-I,I—I）,考虑材料和几何双重非线性的有限元法对三种畸变屈曲模式的构件承载力、变形模式、畸变屈曲应力、横截面应力的分布等相关性能进行比较分析,可看出三种畸变屈曲模式诸性能存在较大不同,同时畸变屈曲与局部屈曲、整体屈曲在相关性能方面也存在不同。采用直接强度法对畸变屈曲轴压柱极限承载力进行计算,计算结果与试验结果较吻合,故在计算畸变屈曲轴压柱极限承载力时建议采用直接强度法．     

Design of cold-formed steel channels with stiffened webs subjected to bending

The objectives of this study are to investigate the structural behaviour and evaluate the appropriateness of the current direct strength method on the design of cold-formed steel stiffened cross-sections subjected to bending. The stiffeners were employed to the web of plain channel and lipped channel sections to improve the flexural strength of cold-formed steel sections that are prone to local buckling and distortional buckling. An experimental investigation of simply supported beams with different stiffened channel sections has been conducted. The moment capacities and observed failure modes at ultimate loads were reported. A nonlinear finite element model was developed and verified against the test results in terms of strengths, failure modes and moment–curvature curves. The calibrated model was then adopted for an extensive parametric study to investigate the moment capacities and buckling modes of cold-formed steel beams with various geometries of stiffened sections. The strengths and failure modes of specimens obtained from experimental and numerical results were compared with design strengths predicted using the direct strength method specified in the North American Specification for cold-formed steel structures. The comparison shows that the design strengths predicted by the current direct strength method (DSM) are conservative for both local buckling and distortional buckling in this study. Hence, the DSM is modified to cover the new stiffened channel sections investigated in this study. A reliability analysis was also performed to assess the current and modified DSM.     

中美规范关于卷边槽形受弯构件承载力比较分析

新近纳入北美规范NAS 2004的直接强度法对冷弯型钢构件的畸变屈曲要求单独验算,但《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB 50018-2002)对此还无明确规定。在总结冷弯型钢构件畸变屈曲性能的基础上,对其承载力计算方法给予介绍,由简化模型计算得到的受弯构件的畸变屈曲弹性临界应力中,引入直接强度法计算“规范”(GB 50018-2002)附录中卷边槽形受弯构件的承载力。结果表明,附录中部分截面的受弯承载力由畸变屈曲控制。同时,NAS 2004与“规范”(GB 50018-2002)计算结果的比较表明,“规范”(GB 50018-2002)的计算规定虽安全,但太过保守。因此,提出将翼缘屈曲系数调高至3.0的建议。     

冷弯薄壁型钢轴压构件畸变与整体相关屈曲承载力计算方法研究

基于我国《冷弯型钢结构技术规范》(征求意见稿)和北美规范及澳洲/新西兰规范中的直接强度法,利用国内外已有的试验数据,计算了60根破坏模式为畸变与整体相关屈曲的轴压试件以及50根破坏模式为畸变屈曲的轴压试件的承载力。通过计算值与试验值的对比分析表明：我国《冷弯型钢结构技术规范》(征求意见稿)中直接强度法所计算的轴压试件畸变与整体相关屈曲的承载力与试验值之比的平均值接近1.0,结果较为理想;计算所得的轴心受压试件畸变屈曲的承载力明显高于试验值,偏于不安全。基于上述结果,对《冷弯型钢结构技术规范》(征求意见稿)中直接强度法计算畸变屈曲的承载力提出了相应建议,即畸变与整体相关屈曲的承载力计算公式和畸变屈曲的承载力计算公式不应统一,应区别对待或给出附加核查条件,在计算畸变半波长度和畸变屈曲的承载力时,采用屈服荷载而非构件整体稳定承载力。     

高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压柱畸变屈曲试验研究

本文对550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件畸变屈曲性能进行了试验研究,17根试件的试验结果表明:由于试件局部屈曲一般发生在畸变屈曲之前,促使畸变屈曲提前出现,这种相关作用减弱了构件整体刚度,降低了构件承载力;澳洲规范AS/NZS 4600:1996及北美规范NAS 2004中关于发生畸变屈曲构件承载力的计算方法没有考虑局部屈曲和畸变屈曲相关作用的不利影响。依据试验结果本文提出了一种修正直接强度法的建议计算方法,该法计算结果与试验结果较为接近且偏安全。     

高强冷弯薄壁型钢柱畸变屈曲研究

随着冷弯薄壁型钢构件朝着高强、超薄和复杂截面形式的趋势发展,畸变屈曲成了近年来国内外冷弯薄壁型钢结构研究领域的重要课题。在查阅大量文献和已有试验结果的基础上,利用有限元着重研究了不同腹板高度、翼缘宽度、卷边高度、厚度、长度、初始缺陷值大小对高强冷弯薄壁型钢槽形截面轴压构件的屈曲形式和极限承载力的影响。     

Post-buckling behaviour and DSM design of web-stiffened lipped channel columns with distortional and local mode interaction

This paper examines the design and load-carrying capacity of fixed-ended web-stiffened lipped channel columns eroded by mode interaction behaviour combined with distortional and local deformations. Initially, the paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of compressive tests on web-stiffened lipped channel columns fabricated from cold-formed mild steel with a thickness of 1.50 mm, which is aimed at determining their failure load-carrying capacity; the experimental investigation also aims to provide experimental evidence of the occurrence of such coupling phenomena concerning distortional and local modes, namely, local-distortional interaction and distortional-local interactive failures. Then, the paper examines the ultimate strength data of experimental columns, both reported in this paper and collected from the literature, and concludes that the current direct strength method (DSM) provides very unsafe predictions concerning such a detrimental interaction nature. Next, two DSM-based design approaches, namely, the nominal strength against local-distortional (NLD) and distortional-local (NDL) procedures, are presented and evaluated on the basis of all available experimental ultimate strength data. Finally, proposals and design considerations based on the DSM-shape for the thin-walled cold-formed steel sections, which fail in mixed modes of distortional and local buckling, are presented.     

Direct Strength Method for calculating distortional buckling capacity of cold-formed thin-walled steel columns with uniform and non-uniform elevated temperatures

This paper assesses the applicability of the Direct Strength Method (DSM) to calculating the distortional buckling strength of cold-formed thin-walled (CF-TW) steel members with uniform and non-uniform elevated temperature distributions in the cross-section. The assessment was carried out by checking the DSM calculation results with numerical simulation results using the general finite element software ABAQUS which was further validated against ambient and uniform elevated temperature tests on short lipped channel sections, in addition to the author's previous validation studies for thin-walled steel columns with non-uniform temperature distributions. The validated numerical model has been used to generate an extensive database (453) of numerical results of load carrying capacity of CF-TW members with different uniform and non-uniform temperature distributions in the cross-sections, under different boundary and loading conditions and with different dimensions and lengths. It is concluded that the existing DSM distortional buckling curve for ambient temperature application is also applicable for columns with uniform temperature distributions in the cross-section, but is un-conservative for columns with non-uniform temperature distributions in the cross-section. This paper proposes a modification to the distortional buckling curve to enable DSM to deal with distortional buckling in columns with non-uniform temperature distributions.