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旨在探索湿热地区老年人夏季室外热舒适阈值。以课题示范工程、样本量集中的广州市老人院为研究案例,结合现场实测与问卷调研,获得各气象要素(空气温度、相对湿度、黑球温度、风速)的逐时数据及老年人室外热舒适状况;借助Rayman模型,计算生理等效温度PET,运用SPSS进行回归分析建立老年人室外热舒适评价模型;并评析不同类型测点空间的热环境情况与特点。结论如下:(1)湿热地区夏季老年人室外热环境中性PET值为25.60℃;台湾、香港、广州等湿热气候地区,老年人与混合年龄层中性PET值接近,人群中性PET值具有一定普适性;(2)老年人热感觉中性范围为23.79℃~27.41℃,较混合年龄层窄;老年人室外环境热舒适PET范围为22.70℃~32.53℃,老年人对偏凉感觉(PET=23.10℃)更感舒适;老年人达到90%可接受率的PET范围是22.62℃~31.15℃;(3)老年人夏季热敏感度为3.62PET(℃)/TSV,夏季老年人对室外热环境敏感度明显高于混合年龄层,因此室外热环境设计对老年人具有更大影响;(4)在适当遮荫条件(植物或建筑)下,老年人在夏季依然乐于接受室外阳光辐射;但需综合运用遮阳、通风、降温等设计策略才能满足老年人对热环境的舒适需求。以期为湿热地区室外环境适老设计提供研究方法和设计目标的参考。 相似文献
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为研究上海地区人体热感觉和适应性热舒适现状,通过环境参数测量和问卷调查结合的方式来分析和探讨室内外气候条件、服装热阻、热感觉等关系。本文主要涉及自然通风建筑内人体热感觉和热中性温度随季节变化的关系。结果表明:在适应性热舒适研究中,人体中性温度与室外环境温度具有较强的相关性,得到的上海地区适应性热舒适模型可为适合我国自身特点的热舒适研究提供依据。 相似文献
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为研究夏热冬冷地区自然通风学生宿舍春季室内热环境与热舒适状况,采用现场环境参数测试及问卷调查相结合的方式,对桂林市某高校宿舍热环境和人体热感觉进行调研,运用统计学分析法对服装热阻、热感觉(TSV)和操作温度之间的关系进行回归分析.结果显示,春季服装热阻与操作温度负相关,操作温度每升高1℃,服装热阻减少0.0529clo;该地区春季热中性操作温度为21.8℃,实测及TSV所对应的80%可接受温度范围分别为20.29~27.29℃和15.3~28.4℃,可接受相对湿度上限为83%.该结果可为桂林高校宿舍热环境与热舒适研究提供参考. 相似文献
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为了研究衡阳地区高校学生宿舍在夏季自然通风条件下室内的热环境与热舒适度,对衡阳地区某高校学生宿舍室内的环境参数进行现场测试,并同时对宿舍常驻学生进行了室内热湿环境的主观问卷调查.通过对调研结果分析发现,夏季自然通风条件下,宿舍室内的热感觉为热,相对湿度较高,室内通风效果不佳,63%的学生对宿舍室内的热舒适性表示不满意.利用适应性PMV模型计算得出夏季宿舍室内的热湿环境处于Ⅲ级标准,室内热环境较差.通过线性拟合得到预测平均热感觉PMV与操作温度top的关系式,研究结果得自然通风下学生宿舍夏季室内可接受温度为23.9~28.6℃,室内的热中性温度为26.3℃. 相似文献
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以石河子大学一内廊组合的典型教学楼为例,采用室内外热环境参数测量、主观问卷调查结合的方式对该建筑夏季自然通风条件下教室热舒适性进行研究。得到北疆地区教室夏季自然通风实测热中性温度为27. 07℃,高于PMV/PPD模型预测热中性温度26. 57℃。建立适用于严寒地区高校教室自然通风热舒适评价数学模型,并且验证Griffiths模型可以准确预测该地区室内热舒适温度,预测值为27. 32℃(G=0. 5℃~(-1))。实测80%热不满意率对应的TSV范围为-1. 8~0. 90,微宽于ASHRAE 55标准中规定的-0. 85~0. 85。并对比3种标准下的热适应性模型,比较热舒适范围的差异性。 相似文献
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本文工作包括两个方面:依据当地气象资料对春季4、5月份西安市利用自然通风的可行性进行了分析,为利用自然能源提供了第一手资料;设计了问卷调查表,采用问卷形式对自然通风状况下人体热感觉进行了调查。该研究对自然通风的设计、应用具有参考价值。 相似文献
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关于"热感觉"与"热舒适"的讨论 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
王昭俊 《建筑热能通风空调》2005,24(2):93-94,102
对哈尔滨市居民的热感觉与热舒适状况的调查结果表明:热感觉投票值分布频率与热舒适投票值分布频率是有差异的。对新加坡现场调查结果的分析数据也表明:热感觉与热舒适是不同的,热感觉和热舒适既仔在于稳态热环境中又存在于动态热环境中。 相似文献
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现场研究中热舒适指标的选取问题 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对热舒适现场研究结果进行了总结,并对热舒适指标的选取、有效温度的计算、热感觉的表述方式等问题进行了讨论分析。认为当相对湿度在热舒适范围内时,采用有效温度作为热舒适指标并采用平均热感觉值,能更好地预测人体热感觉。 相似文献
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关于"热舒适"的讨论 总被引:37,自引:4,他引:33
指出了人体热反应研究中关于热舒适的一些模糊概念及对热舒适与热感觉关系的含混认识。分析了热舒适与热感觉的不同含义、现有的不同解释及两者的稳态和动态条件下的差别。 相似文献
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A comparative analysis of urban and rural residential thermal comfort under natural ventilation environment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The paper presents a field study of occupants’ thermal comfort and residential thermal environment conducted in an urban and a rural area in Hunan province, which is located in central southern China. The study was performed during the cold winter 2006. Twenty-eight naturally ventilated urban residences and 30 also naturally ventilated rural residences were investigated. A comparative analysis was performed on results from urban and rural residences. The mean thermal sensation vote of rural residences is approximately 0.4 higher than that of urban residences at the same operative temperature. Thermal sensation votes calculated by Fanger’s PMV model did not agree with these obtained directly from the questionnaire data. The neutral operative temperature of urban and rural residences is 14.0 and 11.5 °C, respectively. Percentage of acceptable votes of rural occupants is higher than that of urban occupants at the same operative temperature. It suggests that rural occupants may have higher cold tolerance than urban occupants for their physiological acclimatization, or have relative lower thermal expectation than urban occupants because of few air-conditioners used in the rural area. The research will be instrumental to researchers to formulate thermal standards for naturally ventilated buildings in rural areas. 相似文献
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In this study the interrelation between local and overall thermal comfort of passengers in aircraft cabins was investigated by thirteen simulated flights. For each of the tests forty test persons filled out questionnaires concerning their perceived overall and local thermal comfort at temperatures of 20 °C–25 °C, which were measured at every second seat. With these physical and subjective data PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and TSMV (Thermal Sensation Mean Vote) of test persons as well as PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) and PD (Percentage of Dissatisfied) were compared. The PMV was consistently similar to the TSMV, while the thermal dissatisfaction in tests was always higher than PPD. The hypothesis at the beginning of this study was that the high ratio of thermal dissatisfaction in the aircraft cabin reported in literature might be caused by local discomfort. Therefore statistical analyses about the interrelations between local and overall thermal comfort were performed and models indicating such interrelations were developed. Some local perceptions are significantly different from overall thermal perception and these body segments alter in dependence of the overall thermal environment. Also body segments rated similarly were detected and these segments were pooled to distinct body regions using principal component analysis. Under the same overall thermal sensation the local thermal perception on a certain body region predominantly influenced the overall thermal comfort. Therefore weighting factors of local body regions on the overall thermal comfort were determined in dependence of the overall thermal sensation by means of multiple linear regression models. 相似文献