山地中学校园特色的创造

以十堰东风教育集团第一中学校园规划为例,对山地校园规划进行了探讨。利用山地多层次变化,使校园与山地环境紧密结合,创造出具有山水园林特色的校园形态。     

山地环境中大学校园空间设计浅析

研究如何在山地环境中进行大学校园规划设计，指出当前山地校园空间设计中的问题，提出山地校园空间设计思路，即“山寨式”发展和建设“山水校园”，进而探讨在设计思路指导下的设计原则问题。     

从山地环境中探求自然与人文的融合

通过辽宁警官学院新校园规划设计实践 ,探索了在山地环境中 ,如何充分利用山地空间环境特征 ,将校园内的自然环境与人文精神相融合 ,以寻求适应现代教学模式的山地校园设计思路 ,从而达到“天人合一”的规划设计思想。     

原生态性山地校园规划设计探讨

山地中原有的生态环境是山地校园重要的自然资源,本文从规划、景观、建筑等几方面入手,对原生态性山地校园规划进行探讨,提出以体现原生态性为出发点的设计理念,以期为山地校园规划设计提供新思路与新理念。     

关于山地校园规划一些问题的探讨——以巴中光正科技学院校园规划设计实践为例

现今,我国校园规划建设需求不断上升,对土地需求量较大,而山地资源的合理利用和开发能有效缓解城市用地紧张问题,因此山地校园规划问题的探讨具有重要意义。该文以四川省巴中市巴中光正科技学院校园规划方案设计为例,阐述了山地校园规划的理念和方法,探讨应对山地地形、山地生态、地域特点等的设计思路。即以山地环境和整体地形特征作为出发点,结合地域特点和学院办学理念,提出创造生态平衡、特色鲜明的高水平智慧大学的规划设计方法。     

山地校园生态型景观构建探析——以百色学院澄碧校区修建性详细规划为例

山地校园建设注重与山水环境相融合。本文以百色学院澄碧湖校区规划为例,在已有理论的指导下,通过对山地环境进行评估,对校园结构进行整体把控,结合自然生态规划校园景观结构,在尽量少破坏山体结构的前提下进行建筑形体的创新,从而实现山地校园生态型景观,创建具有山水形态和人文品质的大学校园。     

城市形态与山地地形

山地城市形态格局,与特殊的山地自然地理特征密切相关,在山地城市形态的演化中,衍生出不同的城市格局是与自然山地环境长期的适应的结果。目前是我国众多山地城市规模迅速扩展时期,研究其形态的历史演讲过程,对于合理利用城市土地资源有重要的现实意义。     

适应山地的建构——泉州儿童发展职业学院规划与建筑设计竞赛方案

以泉州儿童发展职业学院规划与建筑设计竞赛方案为例,在对山地校园的构成要素——山地脉络与校园建筑规划进行组织、建构的过程中,探讨了如何结合山地创造特色校园。     

空间功能复合与山地自然融合的国际校园设计——以爱莎国际学校设计为例

本文从实际项目的问题出发,通过爱莎国际学校的设计实践,研究与探索在不同的教育理念下的校园规划与建筑设计思路,总结在城市高密度要求下的校园设计,整体归纳校园竖向的活动场所与教学空间的模式与设计要点。本项目尝试在山地背景下,充分利用山地空间环境特征,追求校园集约化的山地建筑设计思路,强调土地利益高效化,追求人与自然的和谐、生态的平衡和可持续发展能力,在山地环境下为学生提供一个安全、流畅的校园整体空间,并创造出轻盈、通透、高效的国际学校新形象。     

对山地环境中建筑设计的研究

通过对山地居住建筑环境设计、空间组织、山地城市整体特征的研究,并从山地建筑设计原则、交通组织、建筑群布置与环境关系、城市轮廓与山地等几个方面来阐述自己的观点,从而希望有助于在山地建筑设计中,树立整体意识和环境意识,创造宜人的山地城市与居住空间环境.     

Effects of land use change on hydrological cycle from forest to upland field in a catchment,Japan

Understanding the effects of land use change on the hydrological cycle is very important for development of sustainable water resource in an upland field catchment. In this study, soil and hydrological properties in an upland field catchment, which was reclaimed partially from a forest catchment, were compared with another forest catchment. The soil properties of surface and subsurface layers were investigated in the two catchments. The soil was compacted and water-holding capacity of soil in the upland field catchment became smaller after the reclamation from forest to upland field, which decreased infiltration rate and water storage in the soil layers. We found that peak discharge and direct runoff in the upland field catchment increased compared with the forest catchment. Annual evapotranspiration from the upland field catchment tended to be lower due to the change in vegetation type and soil properties. Furthermore, a semi-distributed hydrological model was applied in the upland field catchment to understand the integrated effects of reclamation on the hydrological cycle. The model parameters, which were determined using a nonlinear optimization technique—the Shuffled Complex Evolution method (SCE), were compared between the two catchments. The Nash and Sutcliffe coefficient was used to evaluate the model performance. The simulated results indicated that evapotranspiration was decreased and change in discharge was more obvious in the surface layer. We considered that declined infiltration and water storage and increased peak discharge and direct runoff have a negative impact on water resources in the upland field catchment. This study will provide information for forest managers in planning and making decisions for land and water resource management.     

谈校园建筑设计

对设计温州实验中学分校的构思过程进行了分析,论述了校园环境和校园建筑的整体性对校园文化氛围形成的重要性,指出了塑造校园新形象的设计方法,从而体现了校园建筑的文化气息和时代感.     

探索个性化的规划空间───固镇县二中新区规划方案设计

文章通过对固镇县二中新区的设计目标、总体布局、景观设计的介绍,探索如何创造有个性的校园新区。     

邯郸市二十三中学校园设计探讨

对邯郸市二十三中学校园设计进行了探讨,对其设计理念、规划设计及建筑设计分别进行了阐述,指出校园环境应通过总体规划、空间布局、景观设计和建筑设计有机结合,从而创造出具有高度人文气息的校园规划。     

Manganese and land-use in upland catchments in Scotland

Manganese (Mn) in surface waters is a micronutrient, but elevated concentrations are toxic to fish and impair drinking water quality. In Scotland, undesirable Mn concentrations (> 0.05 mg l(-1)) occur predominantly in upland freshwaters because the acidic pH and organic nature of catchment soils favour Mn mobilisation. The relationship between upland land-use in Scotland and Mn concentrations in surface waters is reviewed. Conifer afforestation is associated with enhanced Mn in runoff. Mn is leached from conifer foliage and litter, and mature conifers enhance acid deposition and loss of Mn from acidified catchment soils. After harvesting, increased soil pools of water-soluble Mn and elevated Mn concentrations in runoff have been observed. Liming, fertiliser addition, drainage ditch construction and ploughing to improve upland pastures, and muirburn on grouse moors may also increase Mn concentrations in runoff, but the evidence is less clear-cut. The extent to which land-use influences Mn concentrations in upland catchments in Scotland is modified by catchment hydrology and soil type. Catchment geology, instream processes and standing water stratification are probably lesser influences on Mn concentrations in surface waters of upland catchments in Scotland. The location of land-use in upland catchments, especially in the riparian zone, is critical in determining its effect on Mn in runoff. Climate change is expected to increase Mn concentrations in runoff from upland catchments in Scotland because of predicted changes in soil hydrology.     

显山露水 融于自然——厦门天竺山森林公园度假酒店设计

遵循“显山露水,融于自然”的设计理念,本文介绍厦门天竺山森林公园度假酒店方案的设计思路,即度假酒店契合自然山水并与环境融合、山地建筑尊重地形地貌并因山借势;并解析了山地度假酒店在规划布局、单体建筑、景观空间的设计手法与过程。     

源于现状的设计——三个中学校区改造、扩建设计实践

中学校区改造设计要求延续原有校园空间布局的脉络,又要充分整合现有的建筑和空间资源,使改造或扩建后的校园既能够功能合理又能营造出一定的校园特色空间。该文旨在通过介绍舟山市三个中学校区的改造设计实践,为当前中学校区改造与扩建提供一种思路与理念。     

Carbon budget for a British upland peat catchment

This study describes the analysis of fluvial carbon flux from an upland peat catchment in the North Pennines. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH, alkalinity and calcium were measured in weekly samples, with particulate organic carbon (POC) measured from the suspended sediment load from the stream outlet of an 11.4-km(2) catchment. For calendar year 1999, regular monitoring of the catchment was supplemented with detailed quasi-continuous measurements of flow and stream temperature, and DOC for the months September through November. The measurements were used to calculate the annual flux of dissolved CO(2), dissolved inorganic carbon, DOC and POC from the catchment and were combined with CO(2) and CH(4) gaseous exchanges calculated from previously published values and the observations of water table height within the peat. The study catchment represents a net sink of 15.4+/-11.9 gC/m(2)/yr. Carbon flows calculated for the study catchment are combined with values in the literature, using a Monte Carlo method, to estimate the carbon budget for British upland peat. For all British upland peat the calculation suggests a net carbon sink of between 0.15 and 0.29 MtC/yr. This is the first study to include a comprehensive study of the fluvial export of carbon within carbon budgets and shows the size of the peat carbon sink to be smaller than previous estimates, although sensitivity analysis shows that the primary productivity rather than fluvial carbon flux is a more important element in estimating the carbon budget in this regard.     

浅析新时期大学校园环境的现状及其规划意识

通过调查数据分析了我国大学校园环境所面临的严峻形势,指出了我国大学校园环境由于扩招、合并、新建校区所带来的校园空间环境、绿化环境、文化环境以及社区环境的问题,最后提出了新的大学校园环境规划意识,以期为以后的大学校园环境建设带来指导意义。     

惠州市华罗庚中学规划及单体设计

设计采用21世纪最新学校设计理念,变应试教育为综合素质教育,为学生提供综合能力全面发展所需要的多层次交往空间,致力于塑造一种全新莳校园空间和独具特色的建筑造型,从而带来教育模式的革新。