水泥固化法处理重金属污染土的强度特性研究

通过室内无侧限抗压强度试验,对水泥固化稳定后的重金属镍污染土的强度特性进行了研究,并对不同镍离子浓度、水泥掺入量和龄期对水泥固化土强度特性的影响进行了分析,对比分析了不同重金属离子对水泥固化土强度特性的影响,最终得到了水泥固化土强度预测公式。     

硫氧镁水泥复合固化剂加固淤泥质土的试验研究

针对淤泥质软土含水量高、强度低、有机质含量高的特点,以节能、环保的硫氧镁水泥为主固化剂,开展镁质水泥复合固化剂加固淤泥质土的室内试验研究。首先通过分析有机质、含水量及镁质水泥掺量对淤泥质土固化效果的影响,确定硫氧镁水泥固化软土试验的基准配比,再通过双掺试验确定水玻璃、熟料和硅灰作为复合固化剂的外加剂。然后,以固化土的7d无侧限抗压强度为评价指标,设计三因子五水平的中心组合试验,结合响应面法研制了最优硫氧镁水泥复合固化剂TZ18,最后通过电镜扫描技术分别对普通硅酸盐水泥固化土、硫氧镁水泥固化土以及TZ18固化土的微观结构进行对比分析,结果表明:与同一龄期下的前2种固化土相比,TZ18固化土生成的水化产物更多,颗粒间联结更强,微观结构特性更稳定。     

水泥固化黏土抗压强度试验研究

为更深入降低水泥固化黏土的成本,文章用粉煤灰、砂、石子掺入到水泥固化黏土中,通过不同原料掺入比和不同龄期下的无侧限抗压强度试验,分析出这些原料对固化土强度的影响规律。结果表明,水泥掺量的持续增加可以显著提高固化黏土的抗压强度,且水泥掺量越大,影响越显著。     

盐城滩涂固化土强度特性试验研究

盐城滩涂面积广袤,并且每年淤积大量淤泥,有着丰富的滩涂资源。将滩涂淤泥固化处理后,用于各类填土工程,具有重要意义。本文开展了盐城滩涂固化土强度特性研究,通过无侧限抗压试验,分析了水泥掺量、含水率、龄期等因素对盐城滩涂固化土强度特性的影响。研究结果表明:盐城滩涂固化土的抗压强度随水泥掺量和养护龄期的增加而增加,随土样含水率的增加而降低,强度增长主要发生在28 d前,达到90 d强度的85%;E_(50)与抗压强度之间呈线性变化关系,通过数据拟合,获得两者之间的定量关系为E_(50)=32q_u。本文的研究成果可为盐城滩涂固化土用于各种填土工程提供理论与设计依据。     

水泥含量对固化土结构形成的影响研究

以粉砂土为研究对象,对水泥土抗压强度与水泥含量关系进行了试验研究,推导了水泥土结构形成过程中水泥浆包裹土颗粒和填充孔隙所分别对应水泥量的理论计算公式。在此基础上,对水泥含量不同时,水泥在固化土结构形成过程中所起不同作用及其与水泥土抗压强度增长规律相互关系进行了分析,提出固化土结构形成由固化剂胶结土颗粒与填充孔隙两部分构成。     

水泥固化重金属铅污染土的强度特性研究

污染场地中开挖出来的污染土利用水泥固化处理（S/S法）后,其污染物质的淋滤特性和土体的强度得到改善,可用于场地的回填和堤坝的填筑等。针对该项技术,对水泥固化稳定后的重金属铅污染土的强度特性进行了研究。试验所用的铅污染土通过将硝酸铅溶液加入干土中人工制备而成,并考虑了不同铅离子含量和水泥掺量对水泥固化污染土强度特性的影响。试验结果表明：水泥固化污染土的无侧限抗压强度随着水泥掺量以及龄期的增长而提高;与常规水泥土（不含重金属污染物）强度相比,污染土中铅离子含量较低时,强度略有提高,铅离子含量较高时,强度显著降低;不同铅含量水泥土试样的应力应变关系均表现为强度越高,破坏应变越小;试样28 d龄期的变形模量与强度呈较好的线性对应关系。     

水泥加固酸污染土无侧限强度特征

污染土是利用水泥固化处理后,土体的强度得到提高。针对该项技术,采用水泥固化法处理酸污染土,通过两种试验方案,对水泥加固酸污染土的无侧限抗压强度特性进行研究。试验所用酸污染土用浓硫酸配置人工制备而成,并考虑了不同水泥掺量、不同硫酸浓度和不同龄期对水泥加固酸污染土强度的影响。试验表明:水泥固化酸污染土的强度与水泥掺量和硫酸含量有密切关系,二者共同作用决定其强度的变化。在一定硫酸浓度(2~16g/kg)条件下,伴随硫酸含量的升高,水泥掺量较低时,无侧限抗压强度整体呈明显下降的趋势;水泥掺量较高时,无侧限抗压强度呈缓慢上升的趋势。随着水泥掺量提高,土样的无侧限抗压强度达到峰值时所对应的硫酸含量也逐渐变大。     

复合固化剂固化某淤泥质土的试验研究

为了改善青弋江分洪道工程淤泥质土地基的物理力学性能,选用普通硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰、水玻璃以及木质素磺酸钠组成的水泥基复合固化剂,以青弋江芜湖段典型淤泥质土样作为试验土样,进行了室内固化试验研究,分析了固化剂掺量、淤泥质土初始含水率以及养护龄期的改变对固化土无侧限抗压强度和抗剪强度参数的影响关系。研究结果表明:对于提高青弋江淤泥质土强度,试验所用固化剂作用效果明显,90d龄期养护条件下,掺入复合固化剂处理的固化淤泥质土无侧限抗压强度最高为单掺水泥条件下固化土无侧限抗压强度的4.2倍,同时前者抗剪强度也明显大于后者;固化土无侧限抗压强度随固化剂掺量增加而提高,但增长速率逐渐减缓,同时还随着养护龄期的增加而提高,两者呈明显的对数关系。     

掺加纳米SiO_2水泥土力学性能试验研究

通过对掺加纳米SiO_2水泥固化土室内无侧限抗压强度和劈裂强度的试验研究,探索纳米SiO_2对水泥土固化土力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:掺加合适的纳米SiO_2能提高水泥固化土的抗压强度和劈裂强度,随着水泥掺量的增加,无论是否掺加纳米SiO_2,水泥固化土的抗压强度和劈裂强度之间呈线性关系。     

水泥固化铅污染土的电阻率特性与经验公式

为探讨电阻率法在水泥固化重金属污染土性能评价中的应用潜能,室内配制人工铅污染土,采用水泥固化后测试其电阻率和无侧限抗压强度,分析固化土电阻率的变化规律,建立固化铅污染土的电阻率公式,并探讨电阻率与无侧限抗压强度的相关关系。试验结果表明,固化土电阻率随铅含量增大而减小,随着水泥掺入量和养护龄期的增加而增大,随着孔隙率和饱和度的减小而增大。提出了一个能够综合反映铅含量、水泥掺入量和养护龄期等因素对固化土电阻率影响规律的表征参数(nt·Pb100ew)/(aw·T0.5),用该参数替换Archie电阻率公式中的孔隙率,得到了水泥固化重金属污染土的电阻率经验公式,将Archie电阻率公式扩展应用到固化重金属污染土领域。固化土电阻率与强度之间近似服从幂函数关系。电阻率法是一种有效的重金属污染土固化效果评价方法,且其具有快捷、无损等优势,可推广应用。     

Application of phosphogypsum in soil stabilization

This paper describes the application of phosphogypsum with cement and fly ash for soil stabilization. Atterberg limits, standard Proctor compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests were carried out on cement, fly ash and phosphogypsum stabilized soil samples. Treatment with cement, fly ash and phosphogypsum generally reduces the plasticity index. The maximum dry unit weights increase as cement and phosphogypsum contents increase, but decrease as fly ash content increases. Generally optimum moisture contents of the stabilized soil samples decrease with addition of cement, fly ash and phosphogypsum. Unconfined compressive strengths of untreated soils were in all cases lower than that for treated soils. The cement content has a significantly higher influence than the fly ash content. The use of two waste by-products, phosphogypsum and fly ash may provide an inexpensive and advantageous construction product.     

Durability of soft clay soil stabilized with recycled Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures

This study examines the wetting–drying durability of soft clay soil stabilized with recycled Bassanite, produced from gypsum waste. Specifically, this study focuses on an investigation of the effects of the moisture conditions on the strength performance and durability of very soft clay soil stabilized with Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures during the wetting–drying cycles, referred to as weathering conditions in this study. Cylindrical stabilized soil specimens were produced and then cured for 28 days. The cured specimens were subjected to different numbers of wetting–drying cycles, and then tested for unconfined compressive strength. The results show that the compressive strength increased with an increase in the Bassanite content for the different wetting–drying cycles investigated. The increase in the Bassanite content is associated with the increase in the dry unit weight, as well as in the decrease in the moisture content of the stabilized specimens for the different wetting–drying cycles investigated. The compressive strength of the soil stabilized with the Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures gradually decreases with an increase in the number of wetting–drying cycles, and the earlier cycles are seen to have a more negative effect on durability than the later cycles. Generally, the influence of the wetting–drying cycles on changes in the strength, durability and volume of the soft clay soil stabilized with Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures is not significant. This is evidence that the use of recycled Bassanite, produced from gypsum waste to stabilize soft clay soil, achieves acceptable durability, raises the strength performance and improves the engineering properties of soft clay soil in a wet environment. In addition, the effective use of gypsum waste contributes to the development of a sustainable society by reducing the huge quantity of solid waste and establishing a sound environment.     

红黏土置换作用对水泥固化泥炭土强度的影响

针对红黏土置换后的泥炭土进行了水泥加固试验,并从宏观和微观两个角度对其固化机理展开了分析.研究表明:在含水率一定的条件下,固化泥炭土的无侧限抗压强度随红黏土置换率的提高呈先增大后减小的趋势;红黏土的置换作用一方面能够使其颗粒作为骨架填充固化土体的孔隙,另一方面在减少土体有机质含量的同时增加了Al元素含量,激发水化反应的活性并促进了钙矾石的生成.红黏土置换作用能够使泥炭土的絮状结构变得密实,颗粒连接和孔隙填充得到优化.     

A review of the stabilization of tropical lowland peats

The Deep Mixing Method, which involves the formation of in situ stabilized peat columns, is suitable for deep peat stabilization, whereas the mass stabilization technique is used to stabilize the soil of shallow peat deposits instead of the costly and problematic removal and replacement method. The concept of soil-cement stabilization involves the addition of water to cement, resulting in a chemical process known as cement hydration. Stabilization of peat by cement, which requires a significant strength increase in the cement-stabilized peat or organic soil, is attributed largely to physicochemical reactions that include cement hydration, hardening of the resulting cement paste and interactions between soil substances and primary and secondary cementation hydration products. The factors that affect these physicochemical reactions and the interactions of peat soil-cementation products that influence peat stabilization are the amount of solid particles, the water: soil ratio, the quantity of binder, the presence of humic and/or fulvic acids, the soil pH and the amount of organic matter in the peat. With the Air Curing Technique, stabilized peat samples for unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were kept at a normal air temperature of 30 ± 2 °C and strengthened by gradual moisture content reduction instead of the usual water-curing technique or water submersion methods that have been common practice in past experiments involving the stabilization of peat with cement. The principle of using the Air Curing Technique to strengthen stabilized peat is that peat soil at its natural moisture content contains sufficient water (water content from 198 to 417 %) that, when mixed with cement, a curing process takes place that causes the stabilized peat soil to gradually lose its moisture content and to become drier and harder throughout the curing period. This process does not require the addition of water.     

硫酸盐渍土水泥加固盐胀抑制剂研究

硫酸盐渍土具有遇水溶陷、强度降低、盐胀-冻胀的特性,而传统加固材料如水泥、石灰等,由于SO_4~(2-)与水泥反应生成Aft·32H_2O,造成加固体膨胀、强度损失及耐久性降低。针对上述问题,利用自主研发的抗盐胀固化剂与水泥复配对盐渍土进行改良,探讨含盐量和固化剂对固化土膨胀性与力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,固化剂SD抑制膨胀、维持强度的能力优于纯水泥,在2%含盐量时,膨胀率降低65.2%~83.4%,抗压和抗折强度分别提高2~6倍;含盐量为5%时,膨胀率降低88.5%以上,抗压和抗折强度提高1.6~4.7倍。试验表明,在中盐渍土加固中,低掺量抑制膨胀性强;强盐渍土中,高掺量抑制膨胀率强。通过盐溶液稳定性试验和冻融试验对膨胀性进行了探讨,固化剂能够有效提高加固土的抗膨胀性,降低强度的损失率;在抗冻稳定性上,对冻胀有一定抑制作用,而对强度的稳定作用一般,表现为温度相应"迟滞"。     

基于变形条件的黄土结构性试验研究

黄土的结构性由黄土颗粒之间的联结结构强度和摩擦结构强度所决定,要定量描述黄土的结构性,就要定量研究黄土联结结构强度和摩擦结构强度的变化规律。为此,提出基于变形条件的黄土结构性参数即联结结构变形势参数mp1、摩擦结构变形势参数mp2及结构变形势参数mp,并通过黄土的侧限压缩试验研究原状黄土和人工水泥结构性黄土的结构性及其结构性参数的变化规律,揭示含水率、压力、密度、水泥含量等对黄土结构性的影响,并对所提出的基于变形条件的黄土结构性参数的合理性进行讨论。     

Effect of fiber-reinforcement on the strength of cemented soils

This study aims to verify the differences in the strength of an artificially cemented sandy soil with and without fiber reinforcement. The controlling parameters evaluated were the amount of cement, porosity, moisture content, and voids/cement ratio. A series of unconfined compression tests and suction measures were carried out. The results show that fiber insertion in the cemented soil, for the whole range of cement studied, causes an increase in unconfined compression strength. The UCS increased linearly with the amount of cement and reduced with the increase in porosity (η) for both the fiber-reinforced and unreinforced specimens. A power function fits well as the relation between unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and porosity (η). Finally, it was shown that the voids/cement ratio is a good parameter in the evaluation of the unconfined compressive strength of the fiber-reinforced and unreinforced cemented soil studied.     

Performance evaluation of cement-stabilized pond ash-rice husk ash-clay mixture as a highway construction material

This paper reports the results of an investigation carried out on clay soil stabilized with pond ash (PA), rice husk ash (RHA) and cement. Modified Proctor compaction tests were performed in order to investigate the compaction behavior of clay, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were performed to determine the strength characteristics of clay. For evaluation purpose, the specimens containing different amounts of admixtures were prepared. Clay was replaced with PA and RHA at a dosage of 30%–45% and 5%–20%, respectively. The influence of stabilizer types and dosages on mechanical properties of clay was evaluated. In order to study the surface morphology and crystallization characteristics of the soil samples, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out, respectively. The results obtained indicated a decrease in the maximum dry density (MDD) and a simultaneous increase in the optimum moisture content (OMC) with the addition of PA and RHA. Multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) showed that the predicted values of CBR tests are in good agreement with the experimental values. Developed stabilized soil mixtures showed satisfactory strength and can be used for construction of embankments and stabilization of sub-grade soil. The use of locally available soils, PA, RHA, and cement in the production of stabilized soils for such applications can provide sustainability for the local construction industry.     

固化软土的抗剪强度测试与分析

利用三轴压缩实验,测试了硫铝酸盐复合固化剂作用下软土的力学性能,分析了复合固化剂的掺量和养护龄期等因素对软土三轴应力与应变关系的影响,同时计算固化软土的粘聚力和内摩擦角,表明合理的经济掺量条件下,硫铝酸盐复合固化剂对较土的抗剪强度有明显的改善。