地下水有机污染的研究进展

概述了国内外地下水有机污染的概况,指出目前关于有机污染的研究主要为有机污染机理的研究以及有机污染治理的研究,简要分析了存在的问题,并对地下水中有机污染研究的发展前景进行了展望。     

地下水有机污染修复的渗透反应格栅技术

地下水有机污染的渗透反应格栅技术具有处理费用低、处理水平高和环境影响小等特点,正逐步成为地下水有机污染治理的一个重要研究领域。本文是在查阅国内外文献资料的基础上,详细地介绍了渗透反应格栅技术的降解机理、反应格栅的类型、施工技术的影响和应用前景。     

城市地下水污染问题及数学模型

介绍了城市地下水的污染来源及污染危害，探讨了研究地下水污染的数学模型这一主要方法，以准确预测地下水污染的趋势，有效防治地下水污染，促进城市建设的进一步发展。     

人工冻土隔离污染物的应用及展望

地下水污染已成为我国面临的一个极其严峻的环境问题,建立防污屏障控制地下水污染也就成为了研究的重点。文章在对国内外已有资料研究的基础上,对人工冻结的土体在隔离污染物中的应用进行综述。人工冻土在隔离污染物方面的应用主要有以下三点——作为低温屏障,处置固体废弃物和低温富集污染物。针对这三点应用,指出了目前国内外冻土隔离污染物方面存在的一些欠缺。最后对污染物在冻土中迁移研究现状进行总结,对新的研究领域进行展望,以期为污染物处置技术提供新的可能。     

蚌埠发电厂猫家洼灰场地下水环境质量影响评价

为了预测贮灰场浅层地下水污染问题,采用工程地质与水文地质研究方法,对选定的贮灰场及邻区的浅层地下水环境质量进行了现状评价和预测评价,对贮灰场渗漏可能引起的浅层地下水污染问题进行了研究。结果表明:灰场建成后对灰场区及邻区地下水环境质量的短期影响不大,这为电厂灰场建设后,可能引起地下水污染范围、污染程度的预测提供了科学依据。     

浅析地下水污染研究方法与治理技术的进展

地下水是水资源的重要组成部分,人们的生产生活和生态系统离不开它,由于生活垃圾、工业三废、农业生产、采矿冶炼等多种因素的影响,地下水环境已经遭到严重破坏。本文根据地下水污染的特点和现状,分析了常用地下水污染研究方法和地下水污染处理技术。     

地下水石油污染曝气修复理论探讨

介绍了地下水曝气技术的概念，并从地下水曝气过程中污染物传质机理、溶质转换机理以及溶质运移机理三个方面讨论了地下水石油类有机污染曝气治理的基本原理，旨在解决地下水石油类有机污染问题，并对开展地下水石油类污染修复治理理论与技术研究具有重要意义。     

城市地下水污染特征及治污策略研究

主要研究当前国内地下水污染现状特征以及防治策略。随着城市经济科技的迅猛发展,地下水的污染问题越来越严重,国内地下水都污染特征主要呈现出由点到面由城市到农村的形态,经济的发展不能以环境的破坏为代价,因此必须要对当前国内地下水的污染进行分析,通过具有针对性的防治策略科学减少地下水的污染。     

岩土体水热盐运移研究进展

研究土壤水热盐运移规律对防治土壤盐渍化、地下水污染问题有举足轻重的作用。本文通过对国内外土壤水盐运移研究进展、土壤水热运移研究进展、土壤水热盐运移研究进展进行了综述,对以后关于该方面的研究有一定的指导意义。     

污染场地地下水修复技术筛选方法综述

在地下水实际污染治理过程中,面临各异的污染场地和地下水污染物,大量的地下水修复技术也应运而生。决策者在执行巨大耗资修复行动之前,需要多方面衡量项目影响因素,包括:场地现状、技术可行性、修复时间长短、国家标准等。以污染场地地下水修复为研究目标,比较几种污染场地地下水修复技术优缺点和使用条件,简述地下水修复方案筛选步骤的呈现形式,讨论地下水修复技术筛选过程中常用的辅助决策模型。为地下水污染场地修复技术的筛选提供理论依据和决策支持。     

Mechanisms of Groundwater Pollution by Pesticides

An increasing number of pesticide compounds are being detected in groundwater supplies worldwide. There has, nevertheless, been little research into the mechanisms by which such pollution occurs and the routes via which pesticides move from the land surface into aquifers. In view of the potential time-lag in the response of groundwater systems to pollution inputs, such knowledge is essential if the current situation is to be appraised adequately and if any necessary controls on pesticide use are to be introduced.
From basic data on the physicochemical properties of pesticide compounds and on groundwater flow and pollutant transport in the principal British aquifers, some useful observations can be made about the relative significance of different mechanisms of potential groundwater pollution. These mechanisms and their implications for field research on pesticide pollution of groundwater are discussed. This problem is compared and contrasted to that of nitrate pollution from agricultural land-use practices.     

Contamination of the Chalk Aquifer by Chlorinated Solvents: A Case Study of the Luton and Dunstable Area

A detailed investigation of contamination by chlorinated solvents of the Chalk Aquifer underlying the towns of Luton and Dunstable was undertaken to assess the extent, causes and mechanisms of pollution. The research programme incorporated land-use surveys, regional groundwater surveys, monitoring of groundwater abstraction points and aquifer profiling by means of the drilling of observation boreholes, the analysis of the recovered core material and the depth sampling of these and other boreholes.
Low-level solvent contamination of the Chalk Aquifer was found to be widespread with 'hotspots'of higher concentrations. At the drilling sites, both the saturated and unsaturated zones were contaminated with solvents, although free product was not observed. The presence of an additional contaminant, oil, at some sites was noted to influence the distribution of solvents within the aquifer.
Clean-up of the aquifer is not a practical option, and treatment of the groundwater at the abstraction points has been adopted.     

Impacts of Sewers on Groundwater Quality

This paper summarizes the findings of a recent research project on groundwater contamination from leaking sewers, which was completed for the Construction Industry Research and Information Association. Fifty-four incidents were identified in England and Wales from a combined questionnaire survey and literature review. In addition to recorded incidents, the poor quality of many urban groundwaters suggests some effects from leaking sewers. Age is considered to be the most significant characteristic governing leakage from sewers; ground conditions (predominantly aquifer vulnerability) and usage (private versus public ownership) are also important factors relating to the likelihood of groundwater pollution from leaking sewers. Recommended strategies for reducing groundwater contamination include (a) modification of existing criteria for the service performance grading of existing sewers, (b) improved construction of new sewers in appropriate areas, (c) increased groundwater monitoring, and (d) risk assessments for new groundwater sources.     

石家庄市地下水氮污染检测分析

石家庄市地下水的污染问题制约着该地区的经济发展,而地下水的氮污染和硬度升高是石家庄市地下水环境污染的主要问题。氮在地下水中的主要存在形式是NH3、NO2-和NO3-。根据数据采集与实验分析,得出市区的氮污染现状及污染趋势,为该地区地下水保护提供了依据。     

北京通州区地下水污染评价及监测网布设

为准确刻画通州区地下水污染的分布特征,基于2008年6月采集的151个浅、中、深层地下水样进行了分层污染评价。采用数理统计学方法,计算了各层不同级别的污染面积。初步探讨了污染机理和原因。结果表明研究区内浅层地下水均已经遭受污染且污染程度较为严重,中层地下水绝大部分显示为轻度污染,而深层地下水只在西部小范围地区遭受轻度污染。提出了“重点突出、区域控制、分层监测、有机无机并重”监测网布设原则,整合并新施工监测井,形成了立体分层的地下水监测网络：其中污染源专项监孔共计71眼,区域浅层监测孔共计48眼,区域中层共计36眼,区域中深层共计26眼,区域深层共计22眼。最后对监测网的运行情况进行了简要介绍。     

北京市某垃圾填埋场周边地下水质分析研究

本文通过对北京市某垃圾填埋场所在区域地下水水位及水质进行监测,分析垃圾填埋场周边地下水污染状况,结合所在区域地质环境条件,对地下水的污染趋势进行分析,并对垃圾填埋场设计、运行中可能出现的问题提出建议。     

Identifying Land Contaminated by Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Solvents

This paper provides a method of identifying land contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents by sampling and analysing soil gas. Relationships are presented which enable levels of soil gas contamination to be related to levels of soil and groundwater pollution. Two case studies are presented. Soil gas surveying of an industrial site with severe groundwater pollution demonstrated that standards for contaminated land are insufficient to protect groundwater. Solvent levels in groundwater were one to two orders of magnitude higher than UK permitted concentrations in drinking water, whereas soil contamination values did not reach polluted levels. Surveying of a site occupied by a disused fire station showed significant differences in patterns of soil gas and groundwater pollution. This is explained by direct pollution of groundwater though the well at the site and/or possible flow of polluted groundwater to the site from adjacent areas.     

城市区域地下水非点源污染监测系统

阐述了在城市区域设立地下水非点源污染监测系统的重要性及作用,简单介绍了国外城市区域地下水水质监测系统的布置及成果,并提出了建立该系统的方法．     

浅谈湛江临港工业园地下水环境污染现状及对其的评价

本文主要以湛江临港工业园为实例,分析了水文地质调查、水文地质钻探、水文地质试验及取样;调查了水文地质条件、地下水污染程度等情况;提出了地下水污染防治的对策和保护地下水资源的措施,为工程的设计和管理提供了地质依据。     

安阳市区地下水的可持续利用研究

依据城市地下水开发利用的基本情况,指出了安阳市区地下水资源开发利用中存在的一些主要问题,提出了控制开采、防止污染、节约用水、建立合理水价体系等对策建议,以促进地下水资源的可持续利用和经济社会的持续健康发展.