液动冲击器在液压挖掘机上应用的探讨

提出了用液动冲击器改进挖掘机的几种方案，简要地比较了各种方案的优缺点及可行性，并对“三个液动冲击器和三个钢梁”的方案做了详细的讨论。该方案较好的解决了挖掘机在实际施工中可能遇到的问题，举例说明了液动冲击器参数的确定，本研究为挖掘机改造提供了一个有效的新方法。     

按三对相应值设计转动缸机构

本文阐明按三对相应角移量及直移量设计转动缸气液动连杆机构，指出设计思路及其计算机辅助设计（CAD），并给出源程序。     

液动冲击旋转钻具存在的问题及解决途径

对于我国的油气钻井过程来说，有些企业采用的技术是液动冲击旋转钻技术。由于液动冲击旋转钻为油气工业带来了便利，因此使得使用者对其存在的问题更加关注和重视。     

秦沈客运专线跨锦大公路大桥钢混结合连续梁液动拖拉法施工

介绍跨锦大公路大桥钢梁部分的拼装爆接施工工艺，钢梁的拖拉施工要点。     

KQG150Y型露天高风压潜孔钻机送杆器系统改造

本文针对KQG150Y型露天高风压潜孔钻机送杆器风动系统,冬季风管路内壁集水结冰、系统堵塞,影响设备正常作业效率的问题,在保持该设备原有机械性能原理不变的情况下,对钻杆的送杆器系统由风动改造成液动达到理想的效果,提高了设备的作业效率。     

液动冲击旋转钻具存在的问题及解决途径

对于我国的油气钻井过程来说,有些企业采用的技术是液动冲击旋转钻技术。由于液动冲击旋转钻为油气工业带来了便利,因此使得使用者对其存在的问题更加关注和重视。     

砂土液化动稳态强度分析

根据动三轴实验数据，砂土的应力路径最终达到一个稳定的阶段，此时，在不同的振动周期，砂土的孔隙水压幅值不再增加，应力路径相互重叠，但是应变幅值却以恒定的速率不断增加，这种相对稳定状态中的极限强度是评估砂土抗液化能力的重要指标，并结合饱和砂土的孔隙水压力发展和应力路径，使砂土液化强度更加明了。     

抽油机井系统效率影响因素分析

油井系统效率不仅反映用电损耗,更是衡量整个抽油系统运行过程中的综合效率,是节能管理中必须重视的参数。油井系统效率的计算公式复杂,影响因素多,并且在各影响因素之间互相制约,互相影响。通过分析,明确各影响因素之间的关系,确定不同机型和泵型对系统效率的影响,总结出有功功率随着产液量的升高而升高;同时,随着动液面的加深,油井系统效率也升高,为选择合理泵型和机型提供依据。     

新型液动冲击海底取样器及触探技术

海底矿产资源越来越受到世界各国人们的关注,中国海底资源勘探技术落后于发达国家,了解国外先进技术是提高中国海底资源勘探水平的有效途径。本文介绍了一种液动冲击海底取样器的结构、工作原理及海底取样工艺流程;同时还对海底静力触探技术进行了介绍。研究表明:液动冲击海底取样器具有取样深度大、取样质量高等优点,结合孔底静力触探技术能够获取较全面的海底探测信息。     

The Reflection of Medusa: A Review of The City of Imagination

The lately published The City of Imagination by Valerio Morabito challenges the pictorial idea of landscape interpretation and explores the possibilities of storytelling to read and represent the landscape that focuses on the literary and communicative aptitudes of Landscape Architecture. The article reviews the book from the perspective of history, epistemology, method, and reception regarding its literary root, which is notably inspired by Italo Calvino. The review consists of four sections: First, word and image: the historical exemplars of landscape representation between pictorial and verbal tradition. Second, memory and foresight: the authenticity of travelogue and Morabito’s method of working with his travel memories. Third, truth and myth: how Morabito applies the cognitive imperfection in storytelling to his empirical approach that counterbalances the positivist reading of the landscape. And fourth, form and language: the tension between the formal autonomy and the bardic tradition in the visual language of Morabito. The article approaches and further opens the essential dialogues between the palpable existence and fictive landscape, the interpretation and consumption of the thick meanings in human inhabitation, and the cognitive antinomy and reconciliation of positivist and humanistic stances in the discipline.     

ÖBB Steyrtalbrücke – Belastungsprobe und Langzeitmessungen

ÖBB Steyrtalbridge – Load test and long term measurements At km 65,621 of the railroad track between Linz and Selzthal the Steyrtalbridge was rebuilt in the years 2013 and 2014. The essential design criterion from the client ÖBB Infrastruktur AG was the endeavor of an optimized bridge under consideration of life‐cylce‐cost, which among other things despite a bridge length of 182 m can be designed without high‐maintenance breather switches. Based on the current standards and certain design flexibilities, which are allowed in the codes special ways and techniques were used to calculate the rail tension. With this results of the rail‐structure‐interaction it was possible to design without breather switches. As consequence of the assumptions in the planning process it was necessary to make comprehensive measurements which shall give information of the real behavior of the bridge and compare them with the assumptions and results of the static calculation. Therefor static and dynamic load test were performed before opening to regular traffic. In addition long term measurements were carried out to evaluate the load‐bearing behavior over time and to confirm the calculation approaches for the verification of the rail‐structure‐interaction. In this article the planning of the monitoringsystem, the implementation and results of the load test and the following long term measurements are illustrated.     

身体经验与时空想象—— 基于场地、场景、场域的景观建构原型研究

Contemporary landscape is an important medium that resists the environmental homogeneity and diversifies the cultural imagery. The neglect of physical experience would intensify the perception contradiction and separation between people and the site. This paper proposes to use the prototype of the interactions between the body, time, and space to build an abstract discourse to study the design dimensions of site, sight, and insight based on different elements—the three dimensions are represented as perception, conception, and live. It then focuses on how to employ design methods (including the arrangement of spatial sequence and direction, the design of thresholds in the space, the creation of texts and syntaxes, and the stimulation of events and social imagery) to form the push-pull movement in the material space, the abschattung and gestalt of ideographic texts in the meaning space, and the apperception of the social field, so as to enhance people’s perception of the landscape. This paper studies physical experience and spacetime imagery to extract and deduce the thinking of landscape design within varied dimensions, and argues that a profound and intimate relationship between man and the site can be established by organizing different elements under the ternary system of site, sight, and insight.     

Museumsinsel Berlin – Geotechnische Untersuchungen für die Grundinstandsetzung und Ergänzung des Pergamonmuseums

Museum Island in Berlin – Geotechnical investigations for the overhauling and completion of the Pergamon Museum. Overhauling the Pergamon Museum on the Museum Island in Berlin is a particularly complex task concerning geotechnics. On the one hand the substratum and ground water conditions in the area concerned are very inhomogeneous and on the other hand the Pergamon Museum and its neighbouring museums are especially valuable buildings worthy of protection. The initial target of the geotechnical investigation programme was to further safeguard the substratum and ground water conditions. Here systematic investigation of the substratum was carried out based on old historical drillings in order to enable the use of innovative special civil and underground engineering procedures. Furthermore it was necessary to investigate the foundation situation of the existing buildings. The planning objective is the technical and cost‐effectively optimized choice of the required geotechnical measures for the intended overhaul and refurbishment of the Pergamon Museum.     

三轴卸荷条件下大理岩扩容与能量特征分析

扩容现象是岩石变形破坏过程中的重要特征。基于MTS815 Flex Test GT岩石力学试验平台,采用室内三轴卸荷试验和塑性力学理论分析,揭示了大理岩在卸荷条件下的扩容特征及能量变化特征。结果表明,随着围压的增大,岩样的各特征应力随之增大,其扩容特征随之减弱;岩样的扩容参数——扩容指标以及剪胀角均具有围压效应,即扩容指标与围压呈良好的指数型分布,剪胀角与应力比呈线性分布;岩样的卸荷破坏过程中能量特征为初始时以可释放应变能为主到破坏时的耗散能为主,其间的转折点为初始损伤扩容点,同时卸荷条件下的特征能量值与围压具有良好的指数类型关系;在峰值点与残余点处,岩样的能量损伤值与剪胀角以及能量特征值与扩容指标均存在着较好的指数类型关系。     

Landscape Dynamics and the Management of Change

Change in economy and society is directly reflected in the character of landscapes, both in terms of their form and function and the landscape planning and management challenges which they present. The phenomenon of landscape dynamics within post-industrial society is considered and the development of a connection between the drivers of landscape change and the management response is sought. Two key drivers of landscape change are proposed - 'obsolescence' and 'dysfunction' - and these in turn are related to a management matrix bounded by axes of condition and character of landscape. It is suggested that the definition of these relationships helps to substantiate and more clearly define the tasks of landscape planning, design and management in the United Kingdom.     

A study of the cycling of manganese and other elements in a seasonally anoxic lake, Rostherne Mere, U.K.

The vertical distribution of sulphate, dissolved sulphide, alkalinity, pH, total iron and manganese, Fe(II) and Mn(II) and humic substances was monitored for a year in a seasonally anoxic lake, Rostherne Mere, U.K. During summer stratification Mn(II), probably of sediment origin, accumulated in the hypolimnetic bottom waters to a concentration of 50μm. Release occurred in two stages and appeared to be related to the supply of organic material to the sediment. No ferrous iron or dissolved sulphide were detected in the water column, although they were measured in the interstitial waters of the sediment. Ferrous sulphide formation in the sediment controls the iron(II) and dissolved sulphide concentrations and so minimises the concentration gradients at the sediment-water interface. Electron acceptors other than oxygen are capable of oxidising ferrous and sulphide ions in the water column. pH and alkalinity were the only other chemical components to show appreciable variation with depth, reflecting the biological processes of photosynthesis, respiration and decomposition. Iron and humic substances simultaneously increased in the surface waters after a major flood indicating that they are both present in the solution in contact with the soils of the catchment.     

景观延续与重塑的人文之道——记安亭中学绿化环境改造更新

校园作为城市公共设施体系中的重要组成部分,对人们的社会生活和精神文明起着重要的影响、教育、服务作用。结合安亭中学的景观改造工程实例,从校园的区位环境因素、历史文化积淀、园内景观现状等方面,分析了改造的必要性,改造工作的原则及人文理念的改造方法,重点阐释了对原有历史和景观的发现、挖掘、保护、改造和再利用。通过简洁、现代的手法,把新景观融入校园的建筑环境、历史环境和人文环境之中,重建具有视觉、生态和文化三重效益的校园景观,把校园环境变成凝固的诗、流动的画、无言的歌,从而达到"润物细无声"的效果。     

巴勒斯坦建设项目延期和超支分析--加沙地带案例

成功的项目管理来自于对费用、质量和进度计划的控制.项目管理是施工过程中的关键部分.没有项目管理,即使是经过周密计划的项目也很有可能会失败.反之,在适当的时候运用有效的建设管理技术,可能将一个蹒跚不前的项目挽救过来.加沙地区的建设项目的设计人员常常没有技术上、环境上、社会上和统计上的数据来支持设计,而外国的承包商和咨询公司可能既不熟悉这个国家的材料和人力的资源情况,也不了解国家和当地的与项目有关的规章制度.因为以上和其他的一些原因,加沙地区的项目常常会工期延长,费用超支,从而减少预期的收益.本研究的目标是调查和分析加沙地带建设项目中延期的特征、时间长短和花费.研究数据来自于加沙地区的35个建设项目.本文首先探讨了导致延期的环境,基于责任制的延期分类,以及它们对项目费用和进度计划的影响.文章搜集数据,进行分析,并得到结论.本研究所得出的最重要的结论是对于减小工期延长和费用超支,最重要的措施是在项目最开始的阶段就对项目有充分的规划.     

基于联系云的围岩稳定性可拓评价模型

针对围岩稳定性评价具有模糊随机性及评价指标的区间离散分布特点,构建了基于联系云的围岩稳定性可拓评价模型,该模型首先依据评价指标的分类标准确定联系云数字特征,并通过联系云表达物元和标准可拓域,以模拟分析待评样本与评价标准间的关系,进而由云贴近度构建可拓综合评判矩阵,结合主、客观组合权重评定围岩稳定性类别,实现统一定量表征待评样本与等级间的动态联系,并给出待评样本所属等级的可靠度。实例应用及与其他方法对比的结果表明,该模型应用于围岩稳定性评价是有效可行的,为多重不相容指标的随机模糊性不确定分析提供了可能,克服了正态云模型不能有效模拟区间分布数据的缺陷。