住宅储藏空间设计

针对目前住宅开发、设计忽视储藏空间的现象,提出住宅户型需要进一步细化,以实际生活需求为本,为储藏空间留有一席之地.储藏空间的设置宜根据居室的户型面积、空间、结构等做整体布局,并结合楼梯间、玄关、卧室、厨房、卫生间等空间和室内细部,作分隔分类布局,分散储物.储藏空间被分解成若干小空间,灵活储物、使用方便且优化室内环境.     

浅谈住宅设计中的几个设计要点

针对现代户型设计以人为本的要求，介绍了室内储物空间、阳台空间、玄关空间的功能，结合功能要求探讨了其设计要点，从而为人提供一个舒适的生活环境，促进现代住宅的发展。     

基于住宅改造分析的储物空间使用需求研究

以沈阳市多个小区的新八住住户为调查对象,对住宅中储物空间的需求特征进行了分析研究。从新住户对清水房中储物空间进行的改造内容,改造后储物空间的增减及其使用现状等角度,对各功能区的储藏物品类型及储存形式等进行了探讨。本研究结论可为今后居住建筑中储藏空间的设计工作提供参考。     

小套型住宅储藏空间优化设计研究

分析了当前小套型住宅储藏空间存在的问题,探讨了解决问题的原则,并选取较为典型和普遍的户型案例,对其储藏空间进行优化和改进,提出了住宅储藏空间优化设计的思路,以期为住宅的精细化设计提供参考。     

关于我国家庭住宅中储藏空间设计的一点思考

储藏空间是一个户型做到功能齐全的决定因素之一,合理的储藏空间有利于家居整洁、生活便利,能够提升家居品质,设计科学的储藏空间符合住宅的精细化的发展趋势。本文就我国小户型住宅中储藏空间的设计问题,结合国外的先进的储藏空间设计理念发表自己的一些看法。     

关于我国家庭住宅中储藏空间设计的思考

针对储藏空间是一个户型做到功能齐全的决定因素之一,就我国小户型住宅中储藏空间的设计问题,结合国内外先进的储藏空间设计理念发表了自己的一些看法,以使我国家庭住宅中储藏空间设计更加合理。     

住宅户型的分析与思考

选择一些实例分析说明：住宅户型设计应当重视不同使用空间的关系布局，各空间的面积分配及尺寸大小是否恰当、门窗口开启位置和家具的摆放是否得当，各种设施的配置是否合适等，这些是直接影响住记有的生活质量的重要因素。     

经济适用住宅厨房空间的设计

通过观察研究现代生活行为模式下，人们对厨房空间的使用规律，分析总结其新的需求和功能，在经济与适用之间寻找平衡点，提出一些适宜经济适用住宅厨房的空间设计，主要体现在：空间洁污分区；适宜的空间尺度、面积保障及面积户型比；依据人体功效学原理进行橱柜布局；综合布局各类管线；强排加烟通风设计，提高室内环境质量等方面。以期达到适用性与经济性并举，舒适性和适应性共存。     

朝阳花苑规划设计构思

结合焦作市城市规划设计实践，从总平面布局、环境景观设计、住宅户型设计、建筑造型等方面．对其规划设计作了介绍，以实现以人为本的居住环境，提升人居环境。     

家,首先要方便实用

这是一个两室、两厅、一卫的住宅,建筑面积105m2,使用面积80m2,户型平面窄长(图1),为毛坯房,采暖方式为地板低温辐射供暖。该住宅位于北方某城市,春夏秋冬四季分明,应季物品的储藏需要较大的储藏空间。因此,室内设计除了进行空间功能的再设计外,还要挖掘足够的储藏空间,用于被褥、衣服、书籍、粮食及杂物等物品的储藏。客厅和餐厅原设计中,将餐厅毗邻厨房设置,这种布置按说是比较方便、合理的,但现实是餐厅的净尺寸只有2.24m×2m,做餐厅显得有些局促。相比之下,客厅就要气派多了,净尺寸达到了7.4m×3.48m。对一个建筑面积为105m2的住宅而言,…     

Glazed spaces in Nordic climates

A semi-climatized zone in the shape of a glazed space is heated to some degree by solar radiation and to some degree by excess heat or heat loss from the main and fully insulated part of the building. Such a space will not offer full thermal comfort for permanent occupancy during the winter season, but it is useful for secondary functions such as circulation, storage, physical activities, etc. During the summer season glazed spaces will also be very attractive for ordinary occupancy.

A condition for energy conservation is that these spaces are not heated directly but utilize heat loss and possibly excess heat from the adjoining buildings. If they are properly positioned and constructed, they will also function as solar collectors.

The energy reduction potential will vary greatly with the relative size of the spaces, with the system installed, and with possibilities for long term storage. If the glazed space covers relatively large parts of the adjoining buildings, the reduced heat loss from these may be considerable. If in addition a certain minimum temperature can be kept in the glazed space, the need for heating in the adjoining buildings may be minimal.

Abroad such spaces are often used consciously as architectural elements due to their special spatial character. In countries like Norway they may in addition serve several needs resulting from the special climatic conditions.

SINTEF has developed energy conservation systems based on this concept and has tested them in experimental buildings. One example is the three solar energy houses in the Heimdal low energy dwellings project which totals 14 houses. Another example is a day care centre now under development for the local student union.     

运动健康视角下居住街坊绿地评价及更新研究————以哈尔滨老工业区为例

“健康中国”背景下，老工业区绿地存在同质化、数量缺乏等先天劣势，居住街坊绿地难以满足居民运动健康需求。以哈尔滨三大动力老工业区为研究对象，基于主动健身型和休闲娱乐型两类运动类型差异，识别影响运动供给能力的居住街坊绿地空间特征，基于Kano模型聚类量化居民运动需求完成权重赋值，建立运动健康视角下老工业区居住街坊绿地评价模型。应用评价模型叠加绿地实际运动使用，量化识别运动供需断点和关键调配区域，确定居住街坊绿地更新优先级，并提出具体优化和增补的更新策略。将有利于主动式健康干预的老工业区居住街坊绿地有机更新。     

Intermediate space for housing design learned from tradition of Korean maru and Turkish sofa

The study examines traditional design approaches for intermediate spaces of residential buildings to support environmentally driven design strategies of current practices. For the evaluation of the potential of traditional design strategies, traditional houses of Korea and Turkey are explored by making a detailed comparison of maru and sofa according to theoretical considerations on intermediate spaces. After examining the concept of the intermediate space and the general characteristics of Korean and Turkish traditional housing, 10 cases from 17th to 19th centuries are selected and compared to clarify the features of maru and sofa as intermediate spaces. Based on the results, the arrangement of maru shows characteristics of contradiction between interior rooms and intermediate spaces in a monotonous structural repetition, while sofa presents an apparently hierarchical spatial composition. Sofa has the placeness quality, while maru has the quality of plurality, actively mixing both inside and outside environments. While maru allows various free access with clear spatial continuity, sofa produces a sequential spatial experience with the pleasure of different architectural qualities. Finally, the study suggests opened type and closed type of intermediate space as two possible strategies for modern houses based on the results of comparative analyses. Recent environmental studies in architecture should consider intermediate spaces of various traditional houses due to the insights and possibilities these spatial elements may potentially provide to both architectural practice and theory, especially in a pandemic era.     

Investigation of energy performance of newly built low-energy buildings in Sweden

Energy use in the built environment represents a large part of total energy use in Sweden and is one important sector where energy conservation needs to be significantly improved in order to meet the national implementation of the European goals. One key question that needs to be investigated in relation to these goals is the performance and implementation of passive or low-energy houses. This paper presents results and an evaluation of a newly built house in an area with passive houses in Linköping, Sweden. Nine passive houses were built with the aim to be energy efficient, with an annual space heating demand of 21 kWh/m², and at the same time to have the same visual appearance as any other building in the surrounding area.This study evaluates the energy performance of a residential area with low-energy buildings based on Building Energy Simulation (BES) (IDA ICE 4), and measurements from the real object. Both annual and hourly validation is performed using room by room modeling and internal heat gains. A novel approach to internal heat gain modeling is presented using time-use data (TUD). The results show possible improvements in the design, the building envelope and in the heating control.     

The Wartime Home as a Paradigm for Today's Affordable Housing Design

The current quest for affordable housing in North America has focused on reducing the size of the housing lot and on downsizing the house itself. Proponents of the small home maintain that given the diminished size of today's family compared with the traditional and larger family household of the postwar era, the smaller home does not in fact represent a diminution in space standards. When we consider available living space on a per person basis, the smaller family inhabiting a smaller house belies the notion that affordable housing directly signifies any real reduction in living standards. This article uses the wartime home as a research model to explore how people meet their spatial needs within a restricted housing space. Using the wartime home as a paradigm of the small house (no larger than 1,000 square feet) we investigated this housing type as a prototype of affordable housing. Our research included interviews with the owners of twenty-five wartime houses that had retained their original footprint, drawn from three areas on the island of Montreal. The field study determined the types of spatial conflicts that arose in these homes and demonstrated how they were resolved The study also reinforced the proposition that people are willing to make several trade-offs when choosing to live in a smaller home and that as soon as household finances permit, the owners will modify the layout to suit their lifestyle requirements. The spaces in the wartime home that underwent the most significant degree of change during the household life cycle (that is, kitchen, bedrooms, and storage) indicate their critical status in the accommodation of users' needs and suggest that they should therefore become central priorities in the teaching and design of future affordable housing.     

我国大中城市中小套型住宅舒适性研究

利用我国土地资源利用率、规范城市住宅用地,必然会对大中城市新建住宅的舒适性产生影响。文章从居住小区规划、住宅单元平面布局、户型套内功能空间设置、室内环境与物理性能,以及无障碍设计等5个方面,分析探讨了影响住宅舒适性的各个主要因素,提出了在90m^2以内控制性套型面积之内完善中小套型商品住房各种功能设置、提高居住舒适性的建议。     

天津城市别墅

天津城南卫津河畔，在一片日厂房拆迁后的空地上，3条L形的道路从城市道路延伸进地块的内部。3至4层的联排别墅按组布置，并形成南、北、中3个分区，之间空出的贯穿东西的楔形风景空间，使地块的内部和城市有着更多的交流。联排别墅形成的邻里组团像“岛屿”一样漂浮在绿色的“海洋”中。住宅由3种类型组成，3层带内院或天井的别墅位于每组建筑内部，一种有着共同基座的南北排列的房子成为东西向城市道路两侧的景观；     

On the application of natural algorithms to structural design optimization

Powerful computational methods based on metaphors of ‘urvival of the fittest’ (the genetic algorithm) and human brain activity (the neural network) have made significant progress in engineering where there are needs for search and learning mechanisms. The principal subject of the paper is the ‘genetic algorithm’, a ‘population-based’ method of searching large combinatorial (design) spaces to find the optimum combination of design variables. Attention needs to be given to the form and organization of the algorithm if it is to be applied to large-scale problems. Consideration is given to the development of a space condensation heuristic which progressively reduces the size of the multidimensional space being searched thus leading to a more economical application of the algorithm. The approach to adaptivity of controls and the type of penalty function used for the design constraints are explained. Some results from a study of optimum design of a multistorey frame are included by way of illustration.