城市集约化政策与住宅价格——1991-2004年墨尔本案例研究

本文通过回顾墨尔本1991-2004年期间在混合住宅建设和住宅价格方面的变化,探讨了在战略性发展政策,城市集约化政策和住宅价格之间的关系.作者认为可以将城市集约化政策视为增加土地供给的一种来源(这也许可以降低住宅价格,并有助于实现地方的政策目标),同时它也刺激了土地需求(开发商会以高价竞拍那些预期能够建设更多住宅的地块).本文在大都市和次区域的尺度进行了相关性分析,研究表明数据相关程度很低,并推断在城市集约化政策与住宅价格变化之间并不存在关联.     

1949～1978年城市住宅规划设计思想的发展及反思

本文研究的对象是１９４９年到１９７８年的中国城市住宅发展。通过对社会经济背景、城市住宅发展政策、和住宅建设发展的描述,作者试图分析和明确存在于这个时期宏观社会经济发展与城市住宅领域变化发展之间的关系与规律。     

1978～2000年城市住宅的政策与规划设计思潮

20多年来中国城市住宅的政策与规划设计思潮可分为三个阶段:房改初期解决住宅短缺,商品经济时代强调完善使用功能,建设市场经济时期面向需求的多样化发展。本文把其纳入到中国城市经济体制改革的宏观政治经济背景下进行分析,揭示出住宅规划设计思潮受经济发展和住宅政策影响的内在联系。     

城市集约化政策与住宅价格——1991-2004年墨尔本案例研究

本文通过回顾墨尔本1991—2004年期间在混合住宅建设和住宅价格方面的变化,探讨了在战略性发展政策、城市集约化政策和住宅价格之间的关系。作者认为可以将城市集约化政策视为增加土地供给的一种来源（这也许可以降低住宅价格,并有助于实现地方的政策目标）,同时它也刺激了土地需求（开发商会以高价竞拍那些预期能够建设更多住宅的地块）。本文在大都市和次区域的尺度进行了相关性分析,研究表明数据相关程度很低,并推断在城市集约化政策与住宅价格变化之间并不存在关联。     

制度变迁下上海社会住宅政策的发展阶段研究

以保障房名义出现的社会住宅成为当前国内建设的热点,因而对其政策的分析和总结很有必要。首先从国家层面总结了社会住宅的发展阶段,并按时间节点分析了其产生的影响。其次论文分析了上海的案例,认为其社会住宅政策自1978年以来的发展可分为4个阶段:住房的福利化阶段、住房商品化初期的发展阶段、与城市发展相结合的阶段以及社会住宅再次成为发展的重点阶段。最后论文通过上海与国家的社会住宅发展阶段和时间节点相对比,认为上海社会住宅的发展体现了地方执行政策的滞后性、跳跃性、特定政策的强化效应以及政策之间的替代和互补性。     

城市旧住宅（区）更新改造

针对我国城市旧住宅、旧住宅区更新改造的需要,论述了建国以来城市旧住宅（区）更新改造的发展演变及阶段特征,提出了我国城市旧住宅（区）更新改造的跨世纪发展政策框架。     

经济体制改革下的城市住宅发展--以荆州城区住宅为例

改革开放至今中国城市住宅发展分为三个时期,房改初期解决住宅短缺,商品经济时代强调完善使用功能,建设生产经济时期面向需求的多样化发展。荆州作为全国首批住房制度改革试点城市,在这三个时期内完成了城市住宅制度的改造。本主要分析在城市经济体制改革下经济的发展对荆州城市住宅政策及住宅规划设计的影响。     

13城市开发公司共商策略

2004年10月23日至27日,全国十三城市开发公司经理年会在南京国家会议大酒店隆重召开.围绕"改革、发展、创新"的主题和内容,以及当前房地产业面临的新形势和新情况,国家建设部住宅与房地产业司、江苏省建设厅、南京市政府和市建委的有关领导,以及来自14个城市的房地产开发公司高层代表和<城市开发>杂志社的负责人齐聚一堂,共同探讨如何应对国家宏观调控政策,加快国有企业改革,实现体制、机制和管理创新,加强十三城市开发公司经济合作、信息交流、优势互补、强强联合等问题.     

杭州市郊区住宅发展的动力机制探讨

杭州的住宅郊区化趋势始于20世纪80年代,从90年代中后期开始至今,郊区住宅发展非常迅速,要正确面对住宅郊区化过程中出现的各种现象和问题,就需要从源头上分析郊区住宅发展的动力机制.本文从各个角度探讨了郊区住宅迅速发展的主要原因,研究表明杭州市的社会经济背景、土地有偿使用制度、产业结构升级、城市规划和城市政策、交通基础设施的建设与完善、房价的引导作用和居民消费观念的转变等都在不同程度上促进了郊区住宅发展.     

城市住宅发展探究

通过对原始社会到现代社会住宅发展史的回顾,结合上海城市住宅的发展历程,对城市住宅的形成和演变进行了探究.并结合居住理念、居住模式、开发模式的转变,围绕城市经济、文化、产业、生态的规划布局,提出城市住宅的发展趋势.强调城市住宅的发展也受到资源、环境、政策等因素影响,受当时社会科技水平的制约；但住宅发展的方向必定是高效率、高质量、节能高效、环境友善.“以人为本、可持续发展”是城市建设和住宅发展的共同目标.     

香港公屋本质,公屋设计和居住实态

文章分析了香港在不同时期的公屋政策，公屋设计及居住实态。     

The lost history of urban renewal

Contrary to common understanding, the US government's policy of “urban renewal” was conceived as an alternative policy to slum clearance. Bitterly opposed to public housing, conservative housing‐industry trade associations sought a way to reform the urban redevelopment formula of clearance and public housing established in the Housing Act of 1949. In the early 1950s, the industry groups seized on citizens' neighborhood fix‐up efforts, particularly the Baltimore Plan, to conduct a national campaign to popularize code enforcement, rehabilitation, and private low‐cost housing development as methods to restore and stabilize city neighborhoods. At conferences organized by House and Home magazine and in the President's Advisory Committee on Government Housing Policies and Programs, the housing industry associations fashioned policies, now named “urban renewal,” which were codified in the Housing Act of 1954. But private industry's venture in urban policymaking failed in implementation. Home builders proved reluctant to participate in the new programs, public housing hung on, and hundreds of thousands of homes fell to the wrecking ball. As urban renewal became synonymous with slum clearance, neighborhoods continued to decline. In the end, ironically, housing rehabilitation reemerged as a populist tool for reviving the inner city.     

2009年中国城镇住房发展状况研究

2009年,在危机后的经济刺激政策背景下,中国城镇住房走出了一条充满争议的发展轨迹。住房保障在思路上日益明晰,实施上也取得一定进展,但由于地方政府积极性总体不高,离计划目标仍有距离。住房市场在调控政策刺激下V型反弹,为宏观经济"保增长"目标的实现作出了重要贡献。然而房价上涨过快的问题复现,令住房的使用需求进一步被投资需求所挤压。展望未来,构建一个合理的住房供应体系迫在眉睫,而积极发展保障性住房、盘活私人租赁住房应成为政策调整的基本方向。     

Settling in or moving out? Exploring the effect of mobility intentions on public housing exits

This paper seeks to understand how public housing residents’ mobility intentions affect their actual exits. The results suggest that mobility intentions do have a significant effect on public housing exits. However, the rate of exit among those who intend to move out of public housing was similar to those who did not intend to leave. In addition, tenure had a significant effect on the odds of exiting alluding to issues of duration dependence. However, neighbourhood conditions did not fully explain public housing exits. Our proxy for policy reform had a large effect on the odds of exiting of public housing. This result suggests that changes in housing assistance programmes and urban housing policy could largely account for public housing exits. Overall, the results imply that while public housing residents may have positive and negative mobility intentions, their exits may primarily be due to shifts in housing policy and social welfare programmes versus individual characteristics and neighbourhood conditions.     

重庆市保障性住房影响因素分析及政策建议

重庆市被国务院批准为城乡统筹综合改革试验区,保障性住房发展正处在一个有利的时机,同时也面临着发展的压力和挑战.分析了重庆市保障性住房的市场和政策环境,借鉴发达国家住房保障模式,从城市区域范围的角度,对健全住房保障体系所需做出的基础性和支撑性工作提出建议.     

The Effect of EU-Legislation on Rental Systems in Sweden and the Netherlands

Both Sweden and the Netherlands had housing systems that include broad models of municipal housing (Sweden) or social housing (Netherlands). These broad models, however, came under discussion due to the competition policy of the European Commission. Financial government support – state aid – for public or social housing is considered to create false competition with commercial landlords. The countries chose different ways out of this problem. The Netherlands choose to direct state aid to a specified target group and had to introduce income limits for dwellings owned by housing associations. Sweden instead chose to change the law regulating municipal housing companies and demands that these companies should act in a ‘businesslike way’ and with that aims to create a level playing field. This paper will describe why the two countries chose different options, the development during the first years, and also speculate about the consequences on the longer run and the future role of the public/social housing sector in housing and urban policy.     

Approaches to workforce housing in London and Chicago: from targeted sectors to income-based eligibility

In many cities, people with jobs essential to daily urban life—bus drivers, teachers, police, nurses and the like—cannot afford housing in proximity to their work. Municipal efforts to counter such job–housing imbalances include targeting such workers specifically or moderate-income households, more broadly, for housing support. This article investigates and assesses housing policy for modest-income workers in two cities, Chicago and London. Based on review of documents and key informant interviews, each city’s policy context, aims, means and outcomes are analyzed. Effective strategies include working with public, private and third-sector partners to find upstream cost-effective solutions, increasing shared equity/ownership products and developing mechanisms to ensure long-term affordability of workforce housing. While each city’s policies reflect local conditions, they also are indicative of broad trends in intermediate housing policy: an increase in stakeholders involved in programme administration and delivery, a continued focus on homeownership, rising income thresholds for eligibility and a shift away from targeting employment sectors.     

Fair Housing Policy and the Abandonment of Public Housing Desegregation

In this article I examine the failure of fair housing policy to desegregate public housing in the USA. The article reviews major federal actions toward public housing segregation, as well as broader public housing segregation patterns and trends in the USA. It then draws on a variety of archival sources to present an in-depth case study of public housing segregation and desegregation in Louisville, Kentucky. Unlike previous studies of the subject, this article provides a detailed investigation of the relationship between local public housing tenancy policies and changes in racial occupancy across Louisville's housing projects spanning the last 50 years. The article argues for the importance of research on local-scale policy implementation for our understanding of fair housing policy, and it draws from its investigation of Louisville some conclusions about the inability of fair housing policy in the USA to realize its stated objectives.     

城市规划调控住房供应的功能及其实现途径——基于公共政策理论视角的分析

借助公共管理与公共政策理论,意在通过拓展和转换研究视角,分析城市规划作为公共政策在调控住房供应方面所具有的协调、保护和秩序功能及其实际能力,并进而探究城市规划调控住房供应功能实现的途径。     

Reconciling Policy Tensions on the Frontlines of Indigenous Housing Provision in Australia: Reflexivity,Resistance and Hybridity

In Australia, significant recent reforms reposition Indigenous housing provision and management in remote and town camp communities under the mainstream public housing model. Two competing discourses surround this shift: a federal discourse of standardisation and state discourses of local responsiveness centred on the introduction of new community engagement processes into Indigenous public housing. This paper reports on qualitative research into the micro-scale of policy implementation to highlight policy-to-practice translation on the frontlines of Indigenous housing. Based on interviews with Indigenous housing stakeholders, this paper argues the capacity to support locally responsive housing management is problematic under the current arrangements. The analytical framework of realist governmentality reveals frontline housing professionals' role in the local resolution of tensions between federal and state policy levers. A focus on agent reflexivity and resistance on the frontline assists in capturing the dynamic (hybrid) identity of Indigenous public housing, as an atypical Australian example of hybridity in social housing.