钢管混凝土柱螺栓连接钢梁节点的抗震性能分析

为了改进施工过程,同时确保房屋的抗震性能,提出了一种新型的连接类型,用于钢管混凝土柱和钢梁的连接处设计。该连接具有外伸端板的特性,出厂前与钢梁焊接在一起,然后在现场用高强钢将其与钢管混凝土柱螺栓连接。对这种螺栓连接端板节点的抗震性能进行试验研究,并通过对3个足尺节点模型进行试验,评估了混凝土楼板和削弱型梁截面对其的影响。试验结果表明:楼板对节点强度的作用显著,削弱型梁截面能有效地将屈曲区域转移到远离焊接点的位置。同时,螺栓连接端板节点的分析模型也采用OPENSEES1.7.3模拟了试验结果。     

带楼板的钢梁和CFT柱抗弯连接的抗震分析

对4个带楼板的钢管混凝土柱连接进行抗震性能分析,包括2个内部和2个外部节点。研究目的主要是对台湾地区广泛采用的钢梁组合楼板的性能进行分析。其次对梁末端楔形翼缘或者较大剪切键等连接处的抗震性能也进行了研究,以避免如Northridge地震后出现的那种不可预料的脆性破坏导致的梁翼缘焊缝完全熔透。     

Seismic behavior of steel beams and CFT column moment-resisting connections with floor slabs

This research investigates the seismic performance of four steel beams to concrete filled steel tube (CFT) column connections with floor slabs, including two interior and two exterior joints. The objective of this research is to evaluate firstly the composite effect of the steel beam and floor slab commonly used in Taiwan in practice. Secondly, the seismic behavior of new connection details such as the taper flange or larger shear tab in the beam-end is investigated to prevent complete joint penetration welds (CJP) of the girder flanges from the unexpected brittle failure found in the latter after the Northridge earthquake. In addition to the experimental investigation, the development and validation of analytical models for the assessment of the force-deformation behavior of the joint components are also conducted. The slab effect on the shear transfer in the panel zone is investigated as well.     

Combination of mechanical and informational modeling to predict hysteresis behavior of I beam‐to‐CFT column connection

The behavior of beam‐to‐column connections is significantly complicated because it depends on the material, nonlinear relationship between different members, and contact of connecting elements. Their hysteretic response exhibits highly inelastic characteristics and continuous variation in stiffness, strength, and ductility. Therefore, accurate hysteretic models of bolted connections are essential to accurate seismic assessment and design. Composed (Hybrid) modeling approach is presented to represent the complex hysteretic behavior of I beam‐to‐concrete‐filled‐tube (CFT) column bolted connection. For the purpose in this study, experimental evaluation of I beam‐to‐CFT column connection with bolted end‐plate under cyclic loading is done. It must be mentioned to make the connection easily applicable practically and also prepare the column flanges continuity, a connection with the bolts penetrated into the CFT column are used since using the stiffeners in hollow sections is not easily applicable. In the composed mechanical–informational modeling framework, the conventional mechanical model is complemented by information‐based model components. Finally, moment–rotation curves of composed model have been compared with experimental results. Comparison showed that the composed model has a good agreement with experimental results. A newly designed specimen for validation purpose of the composed modeling was made and experimented. Composed model was well applied to predict the behavior of new connections. The presented results show that the composed model has a good ability to predict of hysteretic behavior.     

圆形钢管混凝土柱的基础连接件

钢管混凝土柱促进了经济且快速的建设方式。两者的组合增大了结构钢和混凝土的强度和刚度,使用钢管作为模板和核心混凝土的约束减少了工作量。钢管混凝土柱为混凝土和钢材提供了一个共生关系来缓和其不良的失效模式,激发了各种材料的最优性能(混凝土和钢材)。综合作用下,混凝土抗压强度和刚度增大,延缓和抑制了钢管的局部屈曲,并提升其延展性和抗力。矩形钢管混凝土柱与圆形钢管混凝土柱都被应用于实际建设生产中,但由于圆形钢管混凝土柱可以提供更强的混凝土约束和综合作用而拥有更好的性能。对于圆形钢管混凝土柱来说,其缺少可靠的、有延展性的连接件。对这方面的研究调查进行介绍,包括关于圆形钢管混凝土柱柱脚或钢筋混凝土地基柱的简便经济的连接件的开发设计过程,并介绍和评价了桥梁结构中的桩帽与宽桩梁。这种连接件不需要销子和内在的加固就能将钢管与基脚或桩梁相连接。试验分析研究和评估了这种连接件的非弹性抗震性能,并确立了设计标准。将1个装配这种连接件的钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能与传统的钢筋混凝土柱相比较。结果显示,此种连接件进一步增强了组合柱的承载力。这种形式在地震荷载下能提供极佳的延展性和非弹性变形能力,甚至在大侧移情况下也能减轻损害。     

高强螺栓连接钢梁-混凝土柱组合节点的抗震性能

提出了一种螺栓端板连接的钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱新型组合节点,为了研究这种新型节点的抗震性能,对两组足尺试件进行了模拟地震加载试验。试验结果表明,两组试件均具有较高的承载力、良好的延性和耗能能力,它们的延性系数都超过4。由于试件JD02采用了比试件JD01更厚的端板、更大直径的高强螺栓,破坏形态由JD01的螺栓断裂变成JD02螺栓断裂同时还发生梁铰破坏。结果表明,JD02具有更高的承载力、更大的延性和更好的耗能能力。由试验结果可看出,这种新型节点具有优良的抗震性能;影响其抗震性能的主要因素是高强螺栓的预拉力和端板的厚度。     

Seismic behavior of bolted beam-to-column connections for concrete filled steel tube

Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFT) have the advantage of high strength, high stiffness and being constructed quickly. However, because the behavior of the beam-to-column connection for CFT is complicated and its design has not been sufficiently verified, their use has been limited.In this paper, a new design of bolted beam-to-column connections for CFT is proposed. A mechanical model is established in order to derive theoretical equations for calculating the stiffness, the yielding shear strength and the ultimate shear strength of the panel zone. Also, a series of cyclic loading experiments have been conducted. The experimental results and theoretical results are very close, which demonstrates that the bolted connections have superior seismic resistance in stiffness, strength, ductility and energy dissipation mechanisms. From the laboratory studies, even though the story angular drift reaches 7% and the plastic angular displacement reaches 5%, the structure still stands. Those results indicate that the seismic resistance exceeds those specified in Taiwan and the US.     

Numerical modelling of restrained structural subassemblies of steel beam and CFT columns connected using reverse channels in fire

This paper employs the general finite element software ABAQUS to numerically model the behaviour of restrained structural subassemblies of steel beam to concrete filled tubular (CFT) columns and their joints in fire. The simulations were conducted using 3-D brick elements to enable detailed structural behaviour to be obtained. For validation, this paper compares the simulation and test results for the three fire tests using reverse channel connection recently conducted at the University of Manchester. This comparison demonstrates that the 3-D finite element model is able to successfully simulate the fire tests. Afterwards, the validated finite element model was used to conduct a preliminary numerical study to investigate the feasibility of changing some of the connection details to enhance survivability of the structure in fire. Specifically, this investigation concentrated on developing connection methods to enable catenary action in the connected beam to be more fully developed. An example is to develop a hybrid flush/extended endplate and flexible endplate connection in which the tension part of the connection uses a flush/extended endplate for increased tensile resistance but the compression part of the connection uses a flexible endplate for improved ductility. It has been found that, without additional cost, using a hybrid extended/flexible endplate connection to replace a flush endplate connection has the potential to enable the connected beam to survive significantly increased temperature.     

火灾中采用逆向通道连接的钢梁-钢管混凝土柱结构约束组件的数值模拟

利用有限元软件ABAQUS,采用三维块单元,模拟火灾中钢梁-钢管混凝土柱及其节点约束组件的性能。利用近期英国曼彻斯特大学的采用逆向通道连接的3组耐火试验,对模型进行验证。结果表明:有限元模型能成功进行模拟。利用有限元模型,初步研究改变连接构件以加强结构耐火能力的可行性。对连接方式进行改进,以期使连接梁的链式反应能更好发展。提出外伸-内缩式混合端板连接形式,连接的拉伸部分采用外伸端板,以提高延性;受压部分采用内缩式端板,提高韧性。结果表明:不需任何费用,只要用混合端板连接替代外伸端板连接,就能提高连接梁的耐火能力。     

Pseudo-dynamic testing of hybrid frame with steel beams bolted to CFT columns

This paper presents an experimental study on seismic behavior of a composite structural frame system consisting of concrete filled steel tube columns and steel beams with bolted endplate connections. Based on current seismic provisions and previous research, a ten-story prototype building was designed. Analytical models were developed to predict the elasto-plastic behavior of the prototype frame under a series of ground motion records. A four-seventh scale sub-structure model consisting of two stories and one and half span was constructed and subjected to simulated seismic excitations using pseudo-dynamic hybrid testing method. Results from the tests indicate that the model behavior under the simulated seismic loading was consistent with the expected performances analyzed for different earthquake hazard levels. Finally, quasi-static test and pushover test were also conducted to identify the ultimate failure mode of the testing model. The study shows that the proposed system can offer appropriate strength and adequate ductility required for seismic design.     

竖向荷载下足尺半刚性连接组合框架试验研究

为研究半刚性连接组合框架在静载作用下的力学性能,进行了竖向荷载下两榀足尺的两层两跨半刚性连接组合框架试验。组合框架由H型钢柱和压型钢板混凝土组合梁组成,钢节点由焊接到钢梁端部的平端板通过螺栓与钢柱翼缘连接。为了解半刚性连接组合框架的结构性能和破坏特征,考察不同荷载水平作用下半刚性连接和楼板的组合效应对钢框架结构整体性能的影响,重点分析框架整体性能、节点性能和梁性能。试验表明:平端板型组合节点为半刚性连接、部分强度节点,具有较高的强度和刚度,其极限转角可满足不小于30mrad的延性设计要求;半刚性连接和楼板的组合效应对钢框架的强度、刚度和延性有较大影响,设计时应加以考虑。试验结果可为今后半刚性连接组合框架理论研究和工程实际应用提供参考。     

Seismic design of reduced beam section steel moment connections with bolted web attachment

Recent test results on reduced beam section (RBS) steel moment connections showed that specimens with a bolted web connection tend to perform poorly due to premature brittle fracture of the beam flange at the weld access hole. The measured strain data appeared to indicate that a higher incidence of base metal fracture in bolted web specimens is related, at least in part, to the increased demand on the beam flanges due to the web bolt slippage and the actual load transfer mechanism which is significantly different from that usually assumed in connection design. In this paper, the practice of providing web bolts uniformly along the beam depth was brought into question. A new seismic design procedure, which is more consistent with the actual load path identified from analytical and experimental studies, is proposed. A pilot test specimen designed by following the proposed procedure exhibited sufficient cyclic connection rotation capacity without fracture.     

Experimental behaviour of steel reduced beam section to concrete-filled circular hollow section column connections

In this paper, five specimens of connections of reduced beam section (RBS) steel beam to concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) circular hollow section (CHS) column using an external ring were tested. The experiments considered the hysteretic behaviour under combined constant axial load and cyclic lateral load. For comparison, three specimens of a weak-column without an RBS configuration steel beam to CFST column connection were tested under the same conditions. The axial load level of the CFST column, width of connection stiffening ring and RBS configuration were considered as the experimental parameters of their seismic behaviour. It was found that the lateral load (P) versus lateral deformation (Δ) hysteresis curves exhibited no obvious strength deterioration and stiffness degradation. The energy dissipation of the RBS connections is significantly improved when compared with weak-column connections. The concrete filled CHS columns failed as a weak-column connection and their energy dissipation capacity was reduced. It can be concluded that the RBS connections exhibit good seismic performance.     

钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土柱节点的抗震性能试验研究

基于端板螺栓连接的钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土柱节点的低周反复荷载试验,对其受力过程、破坏形式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性等抗震性能进行了较为深入的研究与分析。结果表明:端板螺栓连接的钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土柱节点试件的滞回曲线呈梭形,且较为丰满,耗能能力强;组合梁横向配筋率及其配筋形式、组合梁剪力连接度对节点的承载力影响并不显著,但对节点的延性有显著的影响。横向配筋率的增大及横向配筋为封闭式可提高节点的变形能力,剪力连接度越高变形能力越强。     

方钢管混凝土柱-外包钢混凝土组合梁连接节点滞回性能分析

提出了一种新型的方钢管混凝土柱与外包U形钢混凝土组合梁连接节点形式：隔板贯通部分钢筋贯穿式节点。设计了3个节点试件,对其进行低周反复荷载试验,利用ANSYS软件对低周反复荷载作用下的节点试件进行非线性有限元分析并与试验结果对比。结果表明:有限元分析得到的节点破坏形态、应力分布、滞回曲线、骨架曲线与试验结果吻合较好。在此基础上,对发生梁端塑性铰破坏模式的节点滞回性能进行参数分析,研究楼板厚度、U形钢壁厚、组合梁纵向受力钢筋配筋率、贯通隔板厚度以及轴压比对节点滞回性能的影响。研究结果表明：楼板厚度和U形钢壁厚对节点滞回性能有显著的影响,组合梁纵向受力钢筋配筋率对节点滞回性能影响较为显著,贯通隔板厚度和轴压比对节点滞回性能影响很小。     

钢管混凝土柱T形件抗震性能试验及数值模拟

为获悉钢管混凝土柱T形件在地震作用下的破坏机理和力学性能,本文进行6个采用单边螺栓的钢管混凝土柱T形件的受拉循环往复加载试验。试验参数包括柱截面类型、钢材型号、端板形状和端板厚度。详细地分析新型T形件的破坏模式、滞回曲线和骨架曲线等。根据欧洲规范EC3的组件法,提出了钢管混凝土柱T形件的力学理论模型和螺栓刚度模型。利用ABAQUS有限元程序对此类新型T形件进行非线性全过程受力分析,考察了试件的破坏形态,试验结果验证计算模型的准确性。研究表明,热轧钢管混凝土柱T形件具有良好的抗震性能、延性和耗能能力;对于冷弯薄壁钢管混凝土柱T形件采用合理的构造措施和钢管厚度,能有效地提高其抗震性能及延性。     

Experimental and Analytical Behavior of Square CFDST Column Blind Bolted to Steel Beam Connections

In recent years, steel or composite beam-column connections adopting blind fasteners have drawn increasing praise due to the rapid development of assembled steel structures. However, limited researches have paid attention to the experimental and analytical behavior of concrete filled double-skin steel tube (CFDST) column blind bolted joints. For investigating the structural performance and seismic behavior of this type of connection, cyclic tests on blind bolted joints to square CFDST columns were carried out to explore the effects of column hollow ratio and end plate type. Finite element analytical modelling of the semi-rigid joint was performed considering complex contact interactions and material models. Good agreement between the test and analytical results was observed in terms of the failure modes and the hysteretic behavior. Substantial parametric analyses were conducted on typical CFDST column connections to observe the influence of parameters including strength of steel tube, column hollow ratio and bolt pretension force. Furthermore, certain constructional measures commonly employed in engineering practice were also discussed. It was concluded that the CFDST column blind bolted to the steel beam joint has favorable seismic behavior and is feasible for application in high-intensity earthquake regions.

     

刚节点钢连接梁循环静载试验

提出一种新型的钢梁与钢筋混凝土桥墩刚节点连接形式,即通过在主梁下部增设连接梁,将刚节点部分下移至混凝土桥墩的顶部。通过对三种不同试验模型进行静载反复试验,获得了有关这种新型结构性能方面的有效数据。试验结果表明,该结构内部应力传递路径明确,即使在发生很大变形的情况下,也能保持良好的能量吸收功能。增加连接梁高度和剪力传递螺栓数量对结构整体抗震性能的提高有着明显改善。     

钢环约束钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能

提出一种适用于抗震设计的新型钢管混凝土体系 :约束钢管混凝土柱体系。在力学分析的基础上设计概念着眼于控制钢管的局部屈曲 ,使钢管混凝土在可能出现塑性铰的部位预先得到约束。在前期研究的基础上提出了钢环横向约束方法并通过试验研究得以验证。所建议的约束钢管混凝土柱体系克服了传统钢管混凝土的抗震缺陷 ,为抗震地区的结构设计提供了理想的选择     

Foundation connections for circular concrete-filled tubes

Concrete filled steel tubes (CFTs) promote economical and rapid construction. They offer increased strength and stiffness relative to structural steel and reinforced concrete. The steel tube serves as formwork and reinforcement to the concrete fill, thereby reducing the labor requirements. CFT components encourage the optimal behavior of each material (concrete and steel) while providing a symbiotic relationship between the two to mitigate undesirable failure modes. The fill increases the compressive strength and stiffness, delays and restrains local buckling of the tube, and enhances ductility and resistance if composite action is achieved.Both rectangular and circular CFT have been employed, but circular CFT provide better performance, because they provide increased confinement of the concrete and composite action. A missing component for circular CFT construction is reliable and ductile connections. The research described herein that investigated and develops design procedures for simple and economical connections of circular CFT piers or columns to reinforced concrete foundations, pile caps and wide cap beams (bridge construction) is presented and evaluated. The connection requires no dowels or internal reinforcement connecting the tube to the footing or cap beam. Experiments and analytical studies evaluate the inelastic seismic performance and establish design criteria for the connection. The seismic performance of a CFT column and connection assembly is compared to a conventional reinforced concrete column. The research shows that the proposed connection develops the full capacity of the composite column. The assembly provides excellent ductility and inelastic deformation capacity under seismic loading while mitigating damage even at larger drift demands.