谈园林植物景观的定量化评价方法

对目前学界中常见的几种对植物景观客观评价的分析方法进行了阐述,包括层次分析法(AHP)、人体生理心理指标测试法(PPI)、审美评价测量法(BIB—LCJ)、美景度评价法(SBE)和语义分析法(SD),分析了各种景观评价方法的特点及适用性,以选取针对性较强的方法对景观方案及效果进行评估总结。     

常州紫荆公园SBE景观美学评价与解析

正常州紫荆公园是以市花月季为主题植物的专类公园,全园环境优美,月季品种丰富,是继深圳人民公园后第二个获得"世界优秀月季园"称号的月季专类园。本研究运用风景质量评价法中心理物理学派的评判测量法中的评分法(Scenic Beauty Estimation Procedures简称SBE法)建立了常州紫荆公园的景观评价模型,对月季专类园景观进行分析和评价。通过SBE值的计算结果分析,公园内受欢迎的景观顺序依次是     

上海滨水绿地美景度与植物多样性的关联研究

滨水绿地的有限立地条件制约了植物运用,通过研究滨水绿地的植物多样性情况,探索植物多样性对植物景观的影响,能够帮助城市滨水绿地兼顾植物景观设计与生态效益。选取上海代表性滨水绿地徐汇滨江,实地调研14块样地,测算了样地的植物多样性指标,运用美景度评价(Scenic Beauty Estimation,SBE)法进行景观评价,利用Spearman相关性分析二者的关联性。结果表明,徐汇滨江的植物多样性偏低,乔木物种多样性高于灌木;景观评价多为正向;景观效果与垂直层数、总物种数、灌木物种数、总Simpson指数、总丰富度、灌木丰富度呈现正相关。最后提出滨水绿地景观和植物多样性同步提升的建议：进一步丰富植物配置与造景层次,增加灌木应用,保证基本的植物生长与养护。     

基于SBE分析法对滨水植物景观的量化 研究——以南京滨水公园为例

滨河植物群落是城市生态景观系统的一个重要组成部分,提高其绿化效果对城市居民的生活品质与城市的景观建设都有着积极而广泛的影响。基于SBE景观美景度分析法(ScenicBeautyEstimation,简称SBE分析法),对南京市10个滨水公园内的40个样地的植物景观进行了实地调研。调研收集的信息被制作成问卷调查表,信息通过计算被转化为滨河园林植物群落景观的SBE值。计算结果显示,SBE值最高的20块优秀样地得分由高到低是:B4、J3、B2、I4、B1、I3、D1、J2、J1、C4、G4、B3、D4、A1、D3、A2、D2、H1、E1、H4。通过对这20块优秀样地的图片进行景观要素的分解和量化,又进一步建立了南京滨河植物群落景观美景度评价模型:SBE=85.658+35.895×色彩和谐+71.750×尺度适宜-47.432×节奏韵律-32.782×宿根花卉数量+35.146×宿根花卉-30.842×乔木背景面积。成功运用SBE法对滨水植物配置进行了量化分解研究,为城市滨水植物景观的研究提供新的思路。     

用SBE法进行广州市公园植物配置研究

通过对广州市公园现有植物景观的调查，摄取相关景观的照片，采用风景质量评价方法，寻求在城市公园中为公众所喜爱，既能体现岭南园林风格，又具有南亚热带植物景观特色的最佳植物配置模式，为植物造景提供科学的依据。     

用SBE法进行福州市公园植物配置研究

在吸取前人的经验教训的基础上,通过对福州市公园现有植物景观的调查,摄取相关景观的照片,采用风景质量评价方法,寻求在城市公园中为公众所喜爱,既能体现滨海城市园林风格的最佳植物配置模式,为植物造景提供科学的依据。     

城市公园植物景观评价指标体系建立方法研究

探讨了层次分析法在城市公园植物景观评价中的运用,运用专家系统建立城市公园植物景观评价指标体系,并对各层次的指标在评价体系中所占的权重进行了分析计算,最后结合景观综合指数法,对城市公园植物景观环境进行了评价,以完善城市公园植物景观评价指标体系。     

基于融合运行法的森林公园植物景观质量评价——以北京市青龙湖森林公园为例

该文采用融合运行法,筛选了森林公园植物景观质量评价中最重要的5个要素,并应用于北京市青龙湖森林公园植物景观评价体系.在专家评测环节,进行重要性比较和打分,同时采用问卷调查法和层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP),确定指标权重.随后再经由实地调查,对研究区域进行分类拍照,并对数据进行...     

临沂园博园植物群落美景度评价

采用美景度评判法(Scenic Beauty Evaluation Method,SBE)和典型样方法对临沂园博园28个植物群落典型样地进行调查和评价,计算得出各样地美景度值,运用SPSS17.0软件进行单因素方差分析得出教师组和学生组显著性水平检验值(P值),从观赏效果、空间结构、植物种类、生长状况等方面对四种类型景观样地进行结果分析,以期为临沂城市公园植物群落景观设计提供参考。     

基于景观适宜性的山地公园植物景观 评价研究——以贵阳黔灵山公园为例

以贵阳市黔灵山公园为研究对象,选取24个植物景观单元。以生态适宜、景观适宜、社会适宜为准则层,建立山地公园植物景观景观适宜性评价体系。运用主成分分析确定评价指标权重,克服以往植物景观评价赋权重的主观性,建立山地公园植物景观景观适宜性评价模型,得到不同植物景观的景观适宜性指数。结果表明:黔灵山公园在适宜范围内的植物景观有10个,占评价单元总数的41.6%,适宜性较差的有14个,乔灌比(数量)在1:11.2～1.7:1之间的植物群落景观适宜性较好。根据评价结果,提出了3点山地公园植物景观营建策略,以期为山地公园植物景观评价及营建提供理论指导。     

干旱区绿洲环境下的新疆小城镇建设投资

一、研究区域基本现状新疆地处欧亚大陆腹地,地貌轮廓表现为“三山夹两盆”,山地与平原的面积大致各占50%,镶嵌于戈壁沙漠的绿洲仅有7万平方公里。新疆土地面积166.49万平方公里,占全国总面积的六分之一。气候干旱,荒漠广布,是中国最大的干旱区,是亚洲干旱核心区,也是世界上著名的干旱区之一。水资源短缺,生态极度脆弱。新疆2004年底有1950万人,人均GDP已经超过了1000美元,城镇化进入了快速发展阶段,特别是小城镇的发展速度较快。但新疆特殊的干旱区绿洲环境,使得小城镇的发展存在许多问题。一是城镇规模小而散,基础设施配套差,城镇集散和…     

污泥制砖存在问题浅析

污泥制砖符合国家的环保政策,但在技术方面还待进一步创新和突破。为此分析了污泥制砖在技术方面、环保方面和社会大众认可方面存在问题及相应的改进措施。     

Levels of manganese in the urine of female farmers in non-polluted regions in Japan

Nearly 1500 urine samples were collected from female farmers in eight regions widely scattered in the islands of Japan in the winter of 1987-1988. The samples were analysed for manganese by wet ashing and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry under strict quality control. The values observed after adjustment for a specific gravity of 1.016 were distributed log-normally with a geometric mean of 0.65 microgram/l and a geometric standard deviation of 2.47. There was no effect of aging or any effect of smoking on the urinary manganese concentration. The inter-regional difference may be present but not yet conclusive. As no sex difference was observed in a previous study, it may be possible to deduce that the value may possibly stand for the "background" level of both men and women, either smoking or non-smoking, among the general Japanese population. The observed value is discussed in comparison with values reported in the literature.     

莳花在城市绿化中的应用

目的:花化、香化、彩化已成为城市园林绿化的主要趋势,也是为满足人们对环境要求越来越高的一种心境。方法:选择采用莳花能表现出品种繁多,色彩艳丽等不同的方式,从而能在很大程度上丰富了植物造景的层次感要求。结果:能使其达到美化环境、增添节日气氛、提高绿化品质等方面有着突出的作用。结论:莳花造景对城市的美化可达到立杆见影效果,从而提高城市的形象和品位。     

遗传算法在边坡稳定系数计算中的应用

边坡稳定性的关键问题是确定最危险滑动面(潜在最危险滑动面)和边坡的稳定系数。国内外一般是采用先假定边坡滑移模式,然后近似确定最危险滑动面,再求近似的边坡稳定系数的方法来分析边坡的稳定性,但假设的边坡滑移模式难以反映边坡滑移的实际状态。因此本文探索利用遗传算法搜索最危险滑动面,并得到最小稳定系数及对应的最危险滑动面曲线,取得了较好的效果。     

Typification of Fires in Buildings in Spain

Although the Dirección de General de Protección Civil (DGPC), an agency of the Spanish government, has been responsible for the collection of data and the statistical analysis of fires since 1985, it has not as yet issued any reports. It is true that a couple of studies have been made, but in neither case did they use a standardized methodology but relied simply on the heterogeneous information provided by the fire brigades which cooperated in the studies. At that time Spanish fire brigades did not have special units for professional fire investigation, nor was the information derived from standardized methodologies suited to research purposes. In addition, information was extremely scarce and basic, focussed only on the fire, the use of the building and personal data of the victims. In this context, the project for a Fire Investigation Unit in the Fire Brigade of Málaga (the sixth largest Spanish province in inhabitants) was set up. Although inspired in the methodologies used in the USA and in the UK, the aim was to create a customized methodology for the first scientific investigation of fires in Spain. Our research was conducted in 2007. Using the methodologies of the USA and the UK, our own methodological approach and the Spanish regulations, we drew up a questionnaire with 110 variables arranged into 6 modules. We studied 96 fires out of the 154 emergency fire calls received in 2007, having omitted some emergency calls for various reasons. Our results revealed that it was necessary to generalize the installation of fire extinguishers in residential buildings, to train the general public in the use of these devices, to promote the use of fire and smoke detectors in residential buildings, to encourage the inspection and control of old electric installations and to monitor the new installations, to generalize the implementation of emergency and evacuation plans and to design new systems and materials for the cabinets where hand-held extinguishers are stored.     

Intersections of inequality in homeownership in Sweden

Abstract

Inequalities relating to ownership of housing have become a major issue de jour in many Western societies. This article examines how the distribution of homeownership in Sweden relates to two factors widely seen as significant to such inequalities, namely parental tenure status and place of birth. We use longitudinal registry data to examine the bearing of these two factors on individual-level tenure progression since the beginning of the 1990s for persons at different stages of their housing careers. We extend existing understandings of Swedish homeownership patterns by demonstrating that inequalities relating to place of birth and parental tenure intersect with one another in ways that substantially advantage certain subgroups while disadvantaging others, and by demonstrating that experiences of entry into homeownership have in recent years been changing in markedly different ways for these different subgroups. Overall, Swedish homeownership inequalities, far from dissipating, appear to be hardening along existing lines.     

分光光度法测水中余氯

介绍了用双硫腙分光光度法测定水中余氯的新方法，阐述了其测定试验过程，根据试验结果显示，其结论符合国家标准，表明该方法可用于自来水等样品中余氯含量的测定，结果比较准确。     

日本城市浅层地下空间利用的新成就

本文结合日本川崎市站前广场和神户市哈巴兰德地区的立体化再开发，分析介绍当前日本浅层地下空间开发利用的成就和特点。     

山地村镇建设在中国城市化发展中的地位

一、中国山地的重要性 山地其在《地理学词典》中的定义是:“许多山的通称,由山岭和山谷组成。其特点是具有较大的绝对高度和相对高度,切割深,切割密度大……”,在《中国百科全书》中又称“广义的山地包括山、高原和丘陵三部分”。在本论文中,“山地”是一个有关建设用地的概念。它不仅包括其地理学上的含义,而且也是一个广义的山地概念,即同时代表山地,高原和丘陵地带,不论其是在坡地或局部平地上。