A Hybrid AL-Based System for Site Layout Planning in Construction

The layout of temporary facilities on a construction site is a complex and experience-based process that aims at minimizing the travel distance among facilities and improving site productivity and safety. To address the difficulties associated with the process, this article presents a hybrid system for construction-site layout planning. The originality of the proposed system stems from its integration of three components, each is developed based on a different artificial intelligence (AI)–based technique: (1) a knowledge base that stores and uses information related to identifying necessary facilities and their sizes, (2) a fuzzy quantifier to address the vagueness inherent in the project manager's assessment of facilities' closeness relationships, and (3) an improved genetic algorithm to search for an optimal layout solution. Details of the system are described, and a case study is used to demonstrate its capabilities. Possible extensions are then outlined.     

Knowledge-assisted BIM-based visual analytics for failure root cause detection in facilities management

Facilities managers need to identify failure cause–effect patterns in order to prepare corrective and preventive maintenance plans. This task is difficult because of the complex interaction and interdependencies between different building components. Standardization based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) provides new opportunities to improve the efficiency of facilities management (FM) operations by sharing and exchanging building information between different applications throughout the lifecycle of the facilities. This paper aims to utilize BIM visualization capabilities to provide FM technicians with visualizations that allow them to utilize their cognitive and perceptual reasoning for problem solving. It investigates a knowledge-assisted BIM-based visual analytics approach for failure root-cause detection in FM. For this purpose, the inspection and maintenance data of Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) are integrated with a BIM. Moreover, various sources of building knowledge such as fault trees and relationships between components are formally represented. These resources are used to create custom visualizations through an interactive user interface which helps in exploiting the heuristic problem solving ability of field experts to find root causes of failures in a building.     

Application of ANP in process models: An example of strategic partnering

Analytic network process (ANP) is a new tool for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) but can also be applied in academic research to prioritize factors or criteria. It enhances the function of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to develop a complete model that can incorporate interdependent relationships between elements from different levels or within levels, which are assumed to be uncorrelated in AHP. Although ANP has recently been applied in the construction field, it cannot be applied easily to process models. This is because its concept does not consider the impacts of an element on another element occurring at different periods in a process, such as stages, phases, etc. This paper uses the strategic partnering model as an example to present a method that helps to form the super-matrix for process models. The procedure of ANP is also highlighted in this paper.     

基于EPS的城市排水防涝设施普查内业数据处理系统的设计与实现

主要研究了调用现有排水管线数据、补充新的属性数据及按《城市排水防涝设施普查数据采集与管理技术导则（试行）》导出规定格式Pdb数据的方法,并确定了城市排水防涝设施普查内业数据处理流程,重点研究了基于EPS平台实现外业Excel文件直接调用、点线对象排号的关键技术。     

我国全民健身运动设施的发展与展望

从我国体育建筑发展的走向来看,体育设施的建设目标将从单纯以竞技体育为中心转变向兼顾专业比赛训练和全民健身运动。以全民健身为主要闷的、兼顾比赛和训练的各类体育设施将成为建设重点。本文从全民健身的角度出发,审视我国体育设施建设的过去和现任．进而明确体育建筑设计的未来发展方向。     

An integrated approach to intelligent urban facilities management for real-time emergency response

Due to rapid urban growth and technological advancements, urban facilities today have become more complex and diversified. Furthermore, their malfunction and destruction by disasters tend to cause severe loss of life and property. Therefore, economical and effective management of urban facilities and facilities-related emergencies is necessary. However, the conventional approach to urban facilities management exhibits limitations in monitoring the urban-wide facilities status and handling emergency events occurring on urban facilities. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional urban facilities management, this paper proposes an integrated approach to intelligent urban facilities management for real-time emergency response based on the integration of facilities-related information and the integration of management functions. For the verification of the proposed approach, a prototype of the Intelligent Urban Facilities Management System (IUFMS) has been developed and tested. Through information integration and functional integration, IUFMS is expected to detect any abnormalities in advance and take proper measures by performing a comprehensive analysis of urban facilities and their correlations.     

设施管理信息化研究

近几年来,随着计算机及信息技术的发展,各个国家各行业的信息化水平进入了新的里程。建筑行业作为国民经济的支柱产业也需要拓展和深化信息技术在本行业中的应用。设施管理处于整个工程项目生命周期中的维护阶段,设施管理信息化也是建筑行业信息化的重要组成部分。本文介绍了设施管理的概念和设施管理的范围和功能,分析了设施管理信息化的必要性以及信息技术在设施管理中的应用,最后阐述了设施管理信息化的研究重点和发展趋势。     

Contractor selection using the analytic network process

Contractor selection is one of the main activities of clients. Without a proper and accurate method for selecting the most appropriate contractor, the performance of the project will be affected. The multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) is suggested to be a viable method for contractor selection. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been used as a tool for MCDM. However, AHP can only be employed in hierarchical decision models. For complicated decision problems, the analytic network process (ANP) is highly recommended since ANP allows interdependent influences specified in the model. An example is demonstrated to illustrate how this method is conducted, including the formation of supermatrix and the limit matrix.     

综合客运枢纽设施及设备配置研究

综合客运枢纽是集多种交通方式于一体的换乘中心,也是城市交通系统的重要组成部分,综合客运枢纽设施及设备配置是否合理,决定了综合客运枢纽的整体运营效率.按照设施功能的不同,将设施分为站房类设施、场地类设施、换乘类设施、信息类设施、商业服务类设施等5类.在总结现有综合客运枢纽设施设备配置中存在主要问题的基础上,从与服务水平紧...     

浅议农村生活污水处理设施养护维修预算定额编制思路

近年来,农村生活污水已成为我国环境(水)污染的主要因素之一。按照党中央关于新农村建设的总体部署,上海市(浦东新区等)建造大量污水处理设施对农村生活污水进行治理,有效改变污水不经处理随意排放现象。由于农村生活污水污染源具有"散""小"等特点,现有计价依据无法满足其维护资金估算、控制和管理。在调研、统计及分析上海市农村生活污水处理设施的养护维修资金使用的基础上,提出编制《上海市农村生活污水处理设施养护维修预算定额》、《上海市农村生活污水处理设施养护维修年度经费定额》的对策、措施,供今后开展农村生活污水处理设施定额编制作参考。     

基于RFID的城市照明设施智能巡检管理系统的设计与实现

城市照明设施设备的巡检管理工作是保障市民出行安全、维护城市形象的一项重要工作。本文针对传统巡检管理方法存在诸如"巡检效率低、巡检不到位,漏检错检严重、巡检结果时效性差"等问题,基于射频识别(RFID)、GIS、GPS、移动无线通讯等技术设计并研发了城市照明设施智能巡检管理系统。该系统不仅极大提高了巡检管理的效率与智能化程度,也解决了传统巡检方法存在的种种问题。     

Integrating Building Management System and facilities management on the Internet

Recently, it is of great interest to adopt the Internet/Intranet to develop Building Management Systems (BMS) and Facilities Management Systems (FMS). This paper addresses two technical issues: the Web-based access (including database integration) and the integration of BMS and FMS. These should be addressed for accessing BMS remotely via Internet, integrating control networks using the Internet protocols and infrastructures, and using Internet/Intranet for building facilities management.

An experimental Internet-enabled system that integrates Building and Facilities Management Systems has been developed and tested. This system integrated open control networks with the Internet and is developed utilizing the embedded Web server, the PC Web server and the Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) software development technology on the platform of an open control network. Three strategies for interconnecting BMS local networks via Internet/Intranet are presented and analyzed.     

Compatibility of municipal services based on service similarity

The aim of this article is to propose and examine a quantitative method of determining the degree of compatibility between municipal services. Provision of services and facilities maintenance are usually two biggest expenditures of local governments. Traditionally, facilities host only one service, whereas the challenge and opportunity lies in combining various, compatible services and offering them together under one roof. Such a combination decreases municipal expenditure and has a strong positive impact on the general service quality. For this purpose, we take advantage of the City-block distance formula to calculate the degree of compatibility between municipal services. The method is examined and discussed on a sample of 30 real municipal services. This allows us to find possible combinations of strongly compatible services that should be offered together in Multi-Service Facilities and, at the same time, avoid an unwanted combination of services that are incompatible.     

广州市停车换乘设施布局的战略性思考

停车换乘是大城市引导小汽车合理使用,优化市民出行结构,缓解中心区拥堵和减少尾气污染的一个有效调控手段。研究总结停车换乘设施的内涵及分类,分析广州现有停车换乘设施的基本情况,借鉴国内外实践经验,结合广州市城市空间结构、人口与就业分布、道路网与轨道网形态研究,给出适应广州的停车换乘设施战略布局模式。     

深港西部通道"一地两检"口岸的给排水设计

介绍了深港西部通道“一地两检”口岸给排水工程的设计经验。由于在一个项目内执行两种设计标准，即深方执行中国标准而港方执行英国标准，因此在实际设计过程中对两种设计方法和设计标准进行了比较。同时阐述了边境口岸工程及填海区工程设计中出现的相关问题及应对措施。     

网络层次分析法在应急钢桥设计方案评估中的应用

网络层次分析法(ANP)是依赖于专家打分的多准则决策理论。应用网络层次分析法评估应急钢桥设计方案的基本步骤,结果表明应用ANP对应急钢桥设计方案进行评估是合理的。     

A multicriteria lifespan energy efficiency approach to intelligent building assessment

This paper presents a multicriteria decision-making model for lifespan energy efficiency assessment of intelligent buildings (IBs). The decision-making model called IBAssessor is developed using an analytic network process (ANP) method and a set of lifespan performance indicators for IBs selected by a new quantitative approach called energy–time consumption index (ETI). In order to improve the quality of decision-making, the authors of this paper make use of previous research achievements including a lifespan sustainable business model, the Asian IB Index, and a number of relevant publications. Practitioners can use the IBAssessor ANP model at different stages of an IB lifespan for either engineering or business oriented assessments. Finally, this paper presents an experimental case study to demonstrate how to use IBAssessor ANP model to solve real-world design tasks.     

Hazardous Waste Facility Siting A Role for Planners

Hazardous wastes present a critical environmental challenge for the United States in the 1980s. Part of the challenge involves cleaning up or containing abandoned and uncontrolled waste disposal sites. The larger part of the challenge is to properly manage the hazardous wastes that are keyed to the productivity of the national economy. This article briefly overviews what the wastes are and how much exists; what their potential is for adverse human health effects and environmental degradation; federal legislation designed to regulate hazardous wastes; and the nature of public opposition toward siting new facilities. This summary precedes a more in-depth discussion of research designed to assess land use suitability for siting new hazardous waste facilities based on water supply, and other physical and cultural siting criteria. Results indicate that initially suitable sites do exist for siting new facilities. Planners can play an important role by identifying suitable sites through their knowledge of land use, environment regulation, and with the aid of the screening process reported here.     

DESIGN OF SERVICE SYSTEMS WITH FUNCTIONALLY FOCUSED FACILITIES

ABSTRACT In this paper we present a mathematical model in study certain design dimensions of facility systems that provide a wide variety of services to a geographical area. Facilities of different types are defined on the basis of the services they provide. We maintain that providing all these services by use of such specialised for functionally differentiated) facilities will help achieve a greater degree of system efficiency, especially it different facility types are coordinated in the delivery of these services and in the use of resources. The problem of determining the numbers, sizes, and locations of these "focused" facility types is formulated as a mixed-integer quadratic programming problem. An approximate algorithm is given for the analysis of this model whose computational feasibility is discussed for actual applications. A hypothetical example is provided to illustrate the model and the solution method.     

Artificial Intelligence Software Engineering in Building Engineering

This article provides a review of two main research projects carried out at the French Scientific and Technical Center for Building (CSTB) in the area of artificial intelligence applied to building engineering. We first describe the software engineering techniques used to develop the computer environments. Then we present the architecture of an advanced multiservice computer system offering capabilities comprising retrieval facilities, hypertext editing of documents (e.g., unified codes of practice, regulations), object-oriented database management, and multifunctional expert systems. Finally we discuss a major multiactor computeraided design project aiming to provide a framework able to combine the sundry contributions of the various actors involved in the building design process. The expected results of such projects are a panel of complementary capabilities either aiming at satisfying multiservice requirements for an isolated designer or at providing a single but cooperative and computer-assisted process to different actors. Of course, merging the respective capabilities of these tools is a very promising perspective.