夏热冬暖地区溶液除湿独立新风空调系统的运用实验研究

建立溶液除湿独立新风空调系统的实验装置,实现温湿度独立控制的空调系统,对实验装置所采用的集热泵、溶液全热回收和溶液除湿技术于一体的新风处理机的工作原理进行分析,由此建立了溶液除湿独立新风空调系统的实际工程模拟实验系统。对受控对象的空调房间进行溶液除湿新风空调系统的工作特性测试。通过对测试工况数据的分析,得知室外新风温度与所要求的除湿溶液的入口温度、密度存在一定的线形关系。通过测试广州地区某典型工况下除湿新风机组温度、含湿量的运行参数变化,表明夏季完全能满足设计工况下的室内设计参数温湿度的要求。同时此溶液除湿独立新风空调机组的节能效果明显,EER值在5．0-60之间。     

太阳能驱动溶液除湿空调系统在低纬度孤立岛礁应用的优化匹配研究

针对低纬度孤立岛礁高温、高湿、强辐射气候和常规能源供应困难的特殊条件,将太阳能发电与溶液除湿空调相结合,介绍了该组合系统的空气处理流程和原理,建立了太阳能集热子系统和光伏发电子系统的数学模型。将该系统与常规冷却除湿空调系统在不同新风负荷比例及湿负荷比例下的耗冷量进行了比较分析。结果表明:溶液除湿空调系统比常规冷却除湿空调系统节能60%以上;当建筑湿负荷占总负荷的30%时,每处理100kW冷负荷所需集热器面积约130m~2,光伏板面积约171m~2,且湿负荷比例越大,所需除湿机组规模和集热器面积越大,室内末端和独立光伏系统规模越小,总体节能效果越明显。     

温湿度独立控制空调系统应用性能分析

温湿度独立控制空调系统是将空调显热负荷和潜热负荷分开处理的一种空调形式,与常规空调系统相比具有显著的节能潜力。本文通过对应用在深圳某办公建筑的温湿度独立控制空调系统进行测试,得到了高温冷水机组和溶液除湿新风机组等设备的实际运行性能,并借助分项计量电表数据统计分析了该空调系统全年运行能耗。与同类办公建筑相比,采用温湿度独立控制空调系统的该办公建筑节能约35%。     

溶液除湿新风机组在手术部净化空调中的应用

传统手术部净化空调系统温湿度耦合控制,为了除湿,需要再热过程,消耗能源较多。净化空调采用温湿度独立控制系统,可以实现室内温湿度参数独立控制,空气处理过程不需要再热。新风处理采用溶液除湿新风机组,溶液再生由热泵承担,综合COP较高。循环空调机组干式运行,不产生冷凝水,减少霉菌的滋生,提高送风的品质。手术部采用该系统,可节约大约30％左右能耗,降低运行费用,减少二氧化碳排放,具有良好的经济及社会效益。     

溶液除湿空调及热湿独立处理空调系统

综合比较各种除湿方式，得出溶液除湿是实现湿度独立处理的较为可行的方式。对溶液除湿空调的溶液除湿过程和再生过程进行了分析，提出采用分级和热回收的方法提高其效率，并通过模拟计算，得出其夏季工况下的能效比为1～3。介绍了基于溶液除湿的热湿独立处理空调系统的构成及其能源利用率高且可用低品位热源驱动等优点，比较了这种系统和传统冷凝除湿空调系统的运行经济性。     

南海意库3#办公楼温湿度独立控制空调系统运行实践研究

对应用于南海意库3#办公楼的温湿度独立控制空调系统进行了实际运行测试与实践,结果表明溶液除湿新风机组承担了室内全部潜热负荷以及人员的显热负荷,室内空气温度约为25～26℃、相对湿度约为50%～60%,且干式风机盘管在整个供冷季保持干工况运行.新风机组宜提前1.5～2 h开机对室内除湿,高温冷水机组宜提前1～1.5 h开机除去室内显热负荷.     

溶液除湿空调在档案库房中的应用

本文首先对档案库房所需要的环境进行了分析,指出档案库房除了要满足基本的温度和湿度要求外,还必须有一定的洁净度、空气酸度和霉菌量的要求。而后剖析了常规冷凝除湿空气处理机组在档案库房空调应用中的弊端,研究提出了适应于档案库房的基于温、湿度独立控制技术的溶液除湿空气处理技术。最后通过对常规空调与溶液除湿空调的能耗分析,得出溶液除湿空调与常规空调相比可显著节能的结论。     

温度湿度独立控制空调系统中冷却除湿方式的适应性分析

针对温度湿度独立控制空调系统中新风采用冷却除湿的方式,依据房间热湿平衡原理和湿空气的焓湿图,对新风的全年运行参数及其对室内温湿度的影响进行了分析,给出了新风冷却除湿后需要再热的室外参数区域、新风作为自然冷源最大可能的温度范围和冷却除湿设计的建议措施。     

某除湿车间空调系统改造分析

针对某除湿车间湿度无法达到设计值(≤70%)的情况,先对除湿系统室内、外设计参数进行探讨,阐述夏季空调室外设计参数不能作为除湿空调系统室外设计状态点。其次通过计算,表明维持室内的正压是保证室内相对湿度的关键因素,如果不维持正压,将带来大量的室外渗透湿负荷,给出维持室内正压所需最小新风量的计算。再次介绍除湿空调系统再热量的计算问题。     

溶液除湿空调系统在工业厂房应用的能耗分析

通过对深圳某工业厂房分别选用常规冷凝除湿空调系统和溶液除湿空调系统进行系统设计和理论计算分析,比较了两类空调系统的能耗及COP。在夏季室外设计工况下,常规冷凝除湿空调系统的COP为2.94,溶液除湿空调系统的COP为5.42。室外空气含湿量越小,对提高溶液除湿系统的性能越有利。溶液除湿空调系统在节能方面具有较大的优势。     

Feasibility study of desiccant air-conditioning system in Thailand

The objective of this study was to conduct an experimental analysis to investigate the performance and energy saving of the well-known desiccant air-conditioning system in Thailand. The system was composed of a silica gel bed, a split type air-conditioner (1.5 ton refrigeration) installed in a room of volume 76.8 m³, air ducts and a blower. Its design allows us to adjust the percentages of return air, outdoor air and indoor air mixed to the air leaving the desiccant, and desiccant bed thickness as well. Tests were conducted on several days with relatively similar ambient conditions. Under the test conditions used here, a 5 cm bed thickness is recommended with a maximum adsorption rate of 473 g/h. The optimum percentages of air ratios are as follows: 15% outdoor air, 15% return air (mixed together at the desiccant bed inlet) and 70% of indoor air mixed to the dry air leaving the desiccant. The corresponding electricity saving was about 24%. As expected, simple economic analysis indicated that the desiccant air-conditioning is only viable for large cooling capacities and central air-conditioned buildings. The payback period is about 4 yr.     

Determination of Exposure-Response Relationships for Emissions from Building Products

Abstract Building products have been shown to affect the perceived indoor air quality in buildings. Consequently, there is a need for characterizing the emissions from building products in sensory terms to evaluate their impact on the perceived air quality. Determining the exposure-response relationship between concentration of the emission from a building product and human response is recommended. A practical method is proposed based on an air-dilution system connected to the exhaust of a ventilated small-scale test chamber. The method was used to determine the exposure-response relationships for eight building products. For each building product, samples were placed in a test chamber. A typical room was used as a reference to calculate a building-realistic area-specific ventilation rate in the test chamber. A sensory panel assessed the immediate acceptability of polluted air at four different concentrations 3, 10 and 29 days after samples of the building products were placed in the test chambers. The exposure-response relationships show that the impact of dilution of polluted air on the perceived air quality varies between building products. For some building products it may only be possible in practice to improve the perceived air quality marginally by increasing dilution. The results of the present study suggest that for such building products, source control is recommended as the remedy for poor indoor air quality, rather than an increase of the ventilation rate.     

混凝土气孔结构自动测试方法对比分析

为了准确快速地测试混凝土的气泡特征参数、保证混凝土的抗冻性,本文对比分析了AVA型新拌混凝土气孔结构分析仪、Rapid Air型硬化混凝土孔结构自动测试仪和平板扫描仪三种先进仪器的测试原理和结果,指出了三种方法与按照DL/T 5150《水工混凝土试验规程》和ASTM C457等标准中的人工显微镜直线导线法的测试结果有很好的相关性,且测试方便、准确。     

Condenser heat recovery with a PV/T air heating collector to regenerate desiccant for reducing energy use of an air conditioning room

This paper presents an experimental test along with procedures to investigate the validity of a developed simulation model in predicting the dynamic performance of a condenser heat recovery with a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) air heating collector to regenerate desiccant for reducing energy use of an air conditioning room under the prevailing meteorological conditions in tropical climates. The system consists of five main parts; namely, living space, desiccant dehumidification and regeneration unit, air conditioning system, PV/T collector, and air mixing unit. The comparisons between the experimental results and the simulated results using the same meteorological data of the experiment show that the prediction results simulated by the model agree satisfactorily with those observed from the experiments. The thermal energy generated by the system can produce warm dry air as high as 53 °C and 23% relative humidity. Additionally, electricity of about 6% of the daily total solar radiation can be obtained from the PV/T collector in the system. Moreover, the use of a hybrid PV/T air heater, incorporated with the heat recovered from the condenser to regenerate the desiccant for dehumidification, can save the energy use of the air conditioning system by approximately 18%.     

Energy conservative building air conditioning system controlled and optimized using fuzzy-genetic algorithm

In this work, the combined effect of the energy conservative variable refrigerant volume (VRV) system and the variable air volume (VAV) system was experimentally investigated using genetic fuzzy optimization method that yielded better thermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ) requirements without compromising on the energy savings potential. The proposed system was tested using the demand controlled ventilation (DCV) combined with the economizer cycle ventilation (ECV) techniques and examined for a year-round building air conditioning (A/C) application. The supply air temperature (SAT) set points were varied under three distinct strategies and the optimal solutions obtained for the fuzzy systems designed resulted in an enhanced energy conservative potential. The test results of the proposed system were compared with the conventional fan coil A/C system. Based on the three strategies of the supply air temperature, the proposed system yielded an improved per day energy savings potential of 54% in summer and 61% in winter design conditions. Furthermore, for the strategies considered the proposed system achieved an annual energy conservative potential of 36% and exhibited more possible ways to achieve thermal comfort, IAQ and energy conservation.     

Characterization and performance evaluation of a full-scale activated carbon-based dynamic botanical air filtration system for improving indoor air quality

A dynamic botanical air filtration system (DBAF) was developed for evaluating the short and long-term performance of botanical air cleaning technology under realistic indoor conditions. It was a fan-assisted with controlled airflow, activated-carbon/hydroculture based potted plant unit. The DBAF was first tested using a full-scale stainless chamber to evaluate its short-term performance. It was then integrated in the HVAC system of a new office space (96.8 m²) to study the effects of moisture content in the root bed on the removal efficiency, and the long-term performance. The results indicated that 5% outdoor air plus botanical filtration lead to the similar indoor formaldehyde/toluene concentration level as 25% outdoor air without filtration, which means that the filtration system was equivalent to 20% outdoor air (476 m³/h). The DBAF was effective for removing both formaldehyde and toluene under 5–32% volumetric water content of the root bed. It also performed consistently well over the relatively long testing period of 300 days while running continuously. The reduction in outdoor ventilation rate while using the botanical filtration system to maintain acceptable air quality would lead to 10–15% energy saving for the cold climate (Syracuse, NY), based on simulation analysis using EnergyPlus. For winter condition, the filter was also found to increase the supply air RH by 20%, which would decrease the dryness of air. For summer condition, the increase of RH in summer would be within 15% of the RH condition when no botanical air filtration is present.     

空调房间不同送风方式的实验研究

本文通过对空调房间三种不同送风方式（下送风、上送风和侧送风）进行实验研究,从主、客观两方面进行评价,实验结果表明：在保证相同的室内环境参数下,下送风通风空调系统优于上送风和侧送风两种传统送风方式,能够获得较好的舒适度和空气品质。     

低温空气源热泵实验台

实验台由热泵机组和室内外环境模拟系统组成。基于系统误差分析的基本原理,合理选择测量仪表。分析得知,温差对测量精度的影响大于流量的影响。重复测试的结果表明,制热量和制热COP的总误差分别为3.65%和3.79%,能满足试验精度要求。     

静电集尘器在卷烟厂空调系统中的应用

本文针对烟厂通风空调系统过滤难的问题，提出采用静电集尘器方案实现空气净化。根据现场使用实例的测试数据，说明静电集尘器用于烟厂空调系统时具有集尘效率高、阻力损失低、可实现自清洁的优点。     

自然状态草地式屋顶绿化隔热特性分析

在夏季自然通风状态下对重庆有绿化屋顶和无绿化屋顶内表面温度和气候参数进行了测量。通过对测量数据的统计分析,得到以下结论:屋顶绿化对降低屋顶内表面最高温度的效果非常显著,降低平均温度效果稍差,热天气有绿化屋顶内表面对空气的总平均增温量为无绿化屋顶的1/4左右;以天为周期,有绿化屋顶内表面对空气的增温量与太阳辐射照度的变化有较强的反向性,以一段晴雨天气为周期,这种反向性减弱,而以整个夏季的热天气为周期,这种反向性转变为很强的正向性;对于无绿化屋顶,无论热作用周期的长短,内表面对空气的增温量与太阳辐射照度的变化都呈现很强的正向性。