125I-β-CIT动物体内生物学分布研究

了解多巴胺转运体显像剂＾１２５Ｉ－β－ＣＩＴ在体内的生物学分布情况,为其临床应用提供客观依据。采用Ｉｏｄｏｇｅｎ标记法制备＾１２５Ｉ－β－ＣＩＴ,用ＨＰＬＣ进行分离纯化与鉴定,体内生物学分布用ＮＩＨ小鼠,脑放射性自显影用ＳＤ大鼠。结果表明：＾１２５Ｉ－β－ＣＩＴ标记率为８４％,放比纯度大于９８％;ＮＩＨ小鼠血液清除,１２ｈ内符合二室模型（α＝３．８７,β＝０．１６２,Ｔ１／２α＝０．１７９,Ｔ１／     

^125I—BMIPP在SD鼠体内的分布以及血流改变对其在心肌中分布的影响

报道了＾１２５标记的１５－（对－碘苯）３－（Ｒ，Ｓ）－甲基－十五烷酸（ＢＭＩＰＰ）在ＳＤ鼠体内的分布以血流改变对其在心肌中分布的影响，结果显示：ＳＤ鼠心肌摄取＾１２５Ｉ－ＢＭＩＰＰ在５ｍｉｎ时为３．８６％ＩＤ／ｇ，且５－６０ｍｉｎ保持稳定，３０ｍｉｎ时心／血，心／肺，心／肝比值分别为１．５６，２．０８和１．６２，而＾１２５Ｉ－ＢＭＩＰＰ在肝脏中的清除则较快，对照组心肌摄取＾１２５Ｉ－ＢＭＩＰＰ及心     

对碘苯代十五烷酸的初步动物实验

为了解脂肪代谢代像剂＾１２５Ｉ－对碘苯代十五烷酸（ＩＰＰＡ）在动物体内的分布，清除等行为，进行了＾１２５Ｉ－ＩＰＰＡ动物实验，结果表明，大鼠心肌对＾１２５Ｉ－ＩＰＰＡ的摄取高而快，最大心肌摄取值为４．４ＩＤ％／ｇ，半清除时间Ｔ１／２α＝３．８ｍｉｎ，甲状腺摄取低，至１２０ｍｉｎ，甲状腺摄取值仅为０．００５ＩＤ％／ｏｒｇａｎ。兔血药清除Ｔ１／２α＝２．７ｍｉｎ，＾１２５Ｉ－ＩＰＰＡ与小鼠体内血浆蛋白     

白细胞介素2（rIL—2）的碘标记研究

采用Ｉｏｄｏｇｅｎ碘标记法制备了＾１２５Ｉ标记的白细胞介素２（＾１２５Ｉ－ｒＩＬ－２），经高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）纯化，放射性纯度大于９５％，游离＾１２５Ｉ小于５％；放射性比活度为２．２×１０＾１６－２．８×１０＾１６Ｂｑ／ｍｏｌ。该标记物用于放射免疫测定，与抗体有较高的结合活性和灵敏度。     

人胎盘催乳素（HPL）放射免疫分析试剂盒的研制

本试剂盒采用氯胺Ｔ法标记的＾１２５Ｉ－ＨＰＬ与ＨＰＬ（标准品或人血清中ＨＰＬ）竞争结合ＨＰＬ抗体，用ＤＰ－Ｒ免疫沉淀剂分离，用于直接测定人血清中的ＨＰＬ含量。经方法学鉴定，其灵敏度为０．００５ｍｇ／Ｌ；回收率为９２．７－１０６．３％；零管结合率为３０％－７０％；非牧民结合率小于５．０％；测量范围为０．１－１０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ；批内变异系数为３．４％－３．８％；批间变异系数为９．２－１０．６％；温育时间     

^188Re—HEDP的制备和初步动物实验

用＾１８８Ｗ／＾１８８Ｒｅ发生器淋洗液制备了骨肿瘤治疗＾１８８Ｒｅ－ＨＥＤＰ，＾１８８Ｒｅ－ＨＥＤＰ的最佳标记条件为：５ｍｇＨＥＤＰ，２．０ｍｇＳｎＣｌ２和１ｍｇＶｃ，在ｐＨ２．０的条件下，标记率大于９５％，其体外１２ｈ内稳定性良好，在制备＾１８８Ｒｅ－ＨＥＤＰ时加入辅剂，注射后４ｈ，小鼠股骨摄取为（７．８６±１．６２）％ＩＤ／ｇ，而对照组仅为（１．９２±０．６１）％ＩＤ／ｇ（Ｐ〈０．０１），兔全     

脑活肽的^125I标记及其在动物体内的生物分布

采用氯胺在Ｔ法进行脑活肽的＾１２５标记，标率为（３２．５±５．０）％（ｎ＝３）标记产物比活度为１．９８ＴＢｑ／ｇ２０％三氯乙酸沉淀法测定＾１２５Ｉ－脑活肽放化纯度〉９０％，１周内其放化纯度下降〈５％，＾１２５Ｉ标记脑活肽大白鼠体内生物分布结果表明，脑活肽能够通过血脑屏障，且在脑组织的停留时间相对比其他组织长，说明脑组织具有一定的摄取＾１２５Ｉ－脑活肽的功能。     

多巴胺转运蛋白显像剂β-CIT的合成及其碘标记

报道了β－ＣＩＴ（２β－甲酯基－３β－（４’－磺苯基）托烷）及标记前体（２β－甲酯基－３β－（４’－（三丁基锡）苯基）托烷）的合成路线,化合物ＩＲ、ＮＭＲ、ＭＳ、元素分析等数据与结构相符,由标记前体制备＾１２５／１３１Ｉ－β－ＣＩＴ,标记率和放化纯度均〉９０％。     

^99mTc—MIBI评价缺血／再灌注心肌活力的实验研究

应用＾９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ对家兔缺血／再灌注心肌细胞及线粒体代谢和活力进行了评价，将家兔ＬＡＤ阻断２０ｍｉｎ，３ｈ再灌主，于灌注后２－５ｍｉｎ静脉注射＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ，结果缺血３ｈ组缺血心肌再灌注早期（１０ｍｉｎ）晚期（３ｈ）相对放射性活度，心肌ＡＴＰ含量均明显低于缺前２０ｍｉｎ组，非缺血心肌和缺血２０ｍｉｎ心肌＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ亚细胞分布与ＳＤＨ活性呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．８８，Ｐ〈０．     

几种核素放射性标准溶液的研制

介绍了制备放射性标准溶液的基本程序，用ＨＰＧｅγ谱仪检验核纯度，选择了配制标准溶液的适宜条件下，并对所研制的各种核素的放射性溶液（＾６＾０Ｃｏ，＾１＾３＾４Ｃｓ，＾９＾０Ｓｒ－＾９＾０Ｙ，＾１＾２＾５Ｉ，＾１＾２＾５Ｉ，＾１＾３＾１Ｉ，＾２＾４＾１Ａｍ＾６＾３Ｎｉ）的长期稳定性进行了检查。配制的溶液在均匀性，稳定性和量值的准确性方面达对放射性标准物质的要求。     

Animal biodistribution, safety and validation study of dopamine transporter PET imaging agent ^18F-FECNT

This work was to investigate the pharmacologic characteristics of 18F-FECNT (2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-(2-[18F]fluorcethyl)nortropane) as a dopamine transporter (DAT) PET imaging agent.Its partition coefficients were determined in n-octanol and phosphate buffer (PB) (pH 7.0 and pH 7.4).6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) left-sided lesioned Parkinsonian rats were established and validated by rotational behavior tests.Biodistribution in vivo in mice,autoradiography in normal and hemi-Parkinsonian rat brains,and toxicity test were performed.The results showed that partition coefficients were 34.14 (pH 7.0) and 56.41 (pH 7.4),respectively.Biodistribution exhibited rapid uptake and favorable retention in the mice brains.The major radioactivity was metabolized by the hepatic system.The autoradiography showed that 18F-FECNT was highly concentrated in striaturn,and that the left and the tight striatal uptake were symmetrical in normal SD rat brains.In left-sided lesioned PD rat brains,the striatal uptake of 18F-FECNT bilaterally decreased in comparison with normal rats.No significant uptake was visible in the 6-OHDA lesioned-sided striatal areas.The results demonstrated that 18F-FECNT binds to DAT was specific.Toxicity trial displayed that the acceptable dose per kilogram to mice was 625 times greater than that to human.These indicate that 18F-FECNT is a potentially safe and useful DAT PET imaging agent in the brain.     

电离室充不同气体的饱和特性实验研究

对体积为1 L的球形不锈钢高气压电离室,用实验方法测量了5种气体（Ar、N2、He、Kr和Xe）的饱和特性.本文主要介绍了测量方法及其结果.结果表明,在相同的充气压力下,He气最容易饱和,Xe气最不容易饱和,Ar气和N2气的饱和电压相近.     

氯霉素酶联免疫分析方法的建立

以兔抗氯霉素多抗为包被抗体,氯霉素（CAP）辣根过氧化物酶连接物为标记物,四甲基联苯胺（TMB）为显色底物,建立了氯霉素直接竞争酶联免疫分析（CAP-EIA）方法.本方法灵敏度为0.046 μg /L,批内变异系数＜10%,批间变异系数＜24%,回收率62%～145%.用牛奶样品预处理所得上清液为稀释液做得稀释实验,相关方程为y=3.988x-0.234, 相关系数为0.999.标准曲线范围为0.1～10 μg /L.     

甲状腺球蛋白测定的临床意义及影响因素

甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)是分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)的肿瘤标志物。定期随访血清Tg有助于对DTC复发和转移的诊断、病人预后的评价和监测治疗效果。目前临床上常用放射免疫分析法(RIA)和非放射性的免疫量度分析法(IMA)测量血清Tg。但这些方法存在较多技术问题,使其临床应用受到了限制,主要有:方法间的变异较大、灵敏度不够高、批内精确度不够好、高浓度Tg的钩变效应(hook effect)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)的干扰等。其中TgAb的干扰是临床上最常见的问题。     

中国北方大气中有机卤素污染物的污染水平

应用仪器中子活化分析(INAA)及气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC/MS)研究了PUF大气被动采样器采自全国31个点的大气样品中的可萃取有机氯/溴/碘(EOCl/Br/I)和多氯联苯(PCBs).结果表明,大气中卤素污染物质量浓度最高的点大部分分布在城区,且呈现沿城市到乡村的下降趋势;在交通枢纽地区大气中EOCl的质量浓度要高于远离交通枢纽的采样点,机动车尾气的排放是大气中有机氯污染物的重要来源之一;工业也是大气中有机氯污染物的主要来源.84种PCBs异构体分析结果表明,大气中PCBs主要以低氯代PCBs为主,Cl2-CB占总PCBs的41%, Cl3-CB含量最高,占总量的43%,其余异构体含量随取代氯原子的增加而下降,这种异构体的分布特征与我国所生产和使用的PCBs"指纹谱"非常相近,且PCBs异构体的分布特征没有地域差异,这表明大气环境中PCBs主要来自工业污染,且城市地区是我国大气中PCBs的主要来源.在所有已测定的样品中已知PCBs的氯在总EOCl中的比例不足1.0%,大气中绝大部分的有机氯为未知化合物.     

Parameters Optimization of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Experimental Setup for the Case with Beam Expander

Improvement of measurement precision and repeatability is one of the issues cur?rently faced by the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique, which is expected to be capable of precise and accurate quantitative analysis. It was found that there was great poten?tial to improve the signal quality and repeatability by reducing the laser beam divergence angle using a suitable beam expander (BE). In the present work, the influences of several experimental parameters for the case with BE are studied in order to optimize the analytical performances: the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the relative standard deviation (RSD). We demonstrate that by selecting the optimal experimental parameters, the BE-included LIBS setup can give higher SNR and lower RSD values of the line intensity normalized by the whole spectrum area. For validation purposes, support vector machine (SVM) regression combined with principal component analysis (PCA) was used to establish a calibration model to realize the quantitative analysis of the ash content. Good agreement has been found between the laboratory measurement results from the LIBS method and those from the traditional method. The measurement accuracy presented here for ash content analysis is estimated to be 0.31%, while the average relative error is 2.36%.     

顺铂诱导的人肺腺癌多药耐药细胞株辐射敏感性的体外研究

对顺铂（Cisplatin，CDDP）诱导的人肺腺癌多药耐药单克隆细胞株SPC—A-1／CDDP-4及其亲代SPC-A-1细胞体外的辐射敏感性进行研究。分别在有氧和乏氧条件下检测SPC-A-1，CDDP-4细胞和SPC-A-1细胞内谷胱甘肽（Glutathione，GSH）的含量，对SPC-A-1／CDDP-4细胞和SPC-A-1细胞体外的辐射敏感性进行研究，观察GSH生物合成抑制剂丁胱亚磺酰亚胺（Buthionine sulfoximine，BSO）对SPC-A-1／CDDP-4细胞和SPC—A-1细胞的辐射增敏作用。实验结果表明：单克隆细胞株SPC—A-1／CDDP-4不仅对化疗药：CDDP、阿霉索（Adriamycin，ADM）、甲氨蝶呤（Methotrexate，MTX）和长春新硷（Vincristine，VCR）具有多药耐药性，而且对^137Csγ射线也具有一定的交叉耐受性；这可能与SPC—A-1／CDDP-4细胞的GSH含量无论是在有氧或乏氧条件下，均高于亲代的SPC-A-1细胞有关；BSO在有氧和乏氧条件下对SPC-A—1/CDDP-4细胞和SPC-A-1细胞均有辐射增敏作用，但是乏氧条件下的辐射增敏作用大于有氧，对SPC-A-1／CDDP-4细胞的辐射增敏作用大于对SPC—A-1细胞的辐射增敏作用。     

An FEL-based microwave system for fusion

This paper describes designs for 280-GHz and 560-GHz microwave sources based on free electron lasers (FELs). These 10-MW units are based on technology developed over the last 5 years. A first demonstration of high-average-power microwave production with an FEL system is expected in the Microwave Tokamak Experiment (MTX) facility. This paper gives details on the design and construction of that 250-GHz, 2-MW system and discusses specific applications for the Compact Ignition Tokamak (CIT).     

Analysis of PWR SBO sequences with RCP passive thermal shutdown seals

The operation of recently implanted low-leakage seals after Fukushima has altered the analysis of classical PWR Station Blackout (SBO) sequences , as Seal Loss of Coolant Accident (SLOCA) is no longer one of the dominant factors in the accident progression . An analysis of different management strategies in non-SLOCA sequences has been performed by means of the Integrated Safety Assessment (ISA) methodology using the SCAIS-MAAP model of a 3-Loop PWR Westinghouse design. Through the use of the Damage Domain concept(i.e. the region of the uncertain crew actuation times or physical parameters space where each damage limit is exceeded for each sequence), the times for reaching different damage limits are obtained. Results evidence the positive impact of low-leakage seals, which greatly increase the margin to core uncoveryand reduce core damage frequency. Results also allow concluding that an SBO is dominated, namely by the Auxiliary Feed-Water (AFW) mass flow(turning blind AFW management into an essential procedure), SLOCA (in case the new low-leakage seals fail or they are not present), an excessive AFW mass flow (leading to Turbine-Driven Pump failure) and the DC failure time (losing control valves and the instrumentation).     

血清3,5,3’-三碘甲腺原氨酸酶联免疫分析试剂盒的研制

以辣根过氧化物酶标记链亲合素(SA),T₃抗体包被微孔,T₃生物素化,四甲基联苯胺(TMB)为底物,建立了3,5,3’-三碘甲腺原氨酸（T₃）生物素-亲合素酶联免疫分析(T₃-BA-EL1SA)方法。结果显示,本方法分析灵敏度为0.2 μg/L,批内、批间变异系数分别为7.1％～8.3％和6.5％～10.5％,回收率为98.1％～107.2％;高浓度T₃血清样品系列倍比稀释后,测定值与稀释度呈线性相关,相关系数为0.995 7。本试剂盒操作简便、快速,适用于临床检测和科研应用。