~(13)C_3-三聚氰酸、~(15)N_3-三聚氰胺的合成工艺研究

研究了以稳定性同位素标记物13C-尿素和15N-氯化铵为原料制备质谱检测用内标物13C3-三聚氰酸、15N3-三聚氰胺的合成工艺;考察了温度、压力、溶剂等对产品收率的影响,优化了合成工艺,以良好收率合成了同位素内标试剂13C3-三聚氰酸和15N3-三聚氰胺。产品经高效液相色谱(HPLC)、质谱(MS)检测,化学纯度99%,同位素丰度98%。以上结果提示,所合成的13C3-三聚氰酸和15N3-三聚氰胺可作为同位素内标使用。     

中国评价库CENDL-3的宏观检验现状(英文)

CENDL-3是中国评价库CENDL的最新版本,通过采用群常数制作程序系统NJOY及反应堆栅元计算程序WIMSD5A和蒙特卡罗程序MCNP对CENDL-3库进行了包括热堆和快堆的基准装置的检验计算,并将检验结果与实验结果和其它库的计算结果进行了比较和分析。表明CENDL-3库中铀同位素的检验结果是相当不错的;由于裂变谱的改进,钚同位素的检验结果也有了相当好的改进;尽管9Be的检验结果有了明显改进,但计算的keff与其它库相比仍有点偏低。     

Study of basic mechanisms of semiconductor devices using ion beam induced charge (IBIC) collection

A change of wave form of current transients induced by a single heavy ion was investigated around a pn junction with 8 μm width and 10 μm length as a function of the ion incident position. Three pn junctions were made on a 3 μm thick Si epilayer (1 × 10¹⁶/cm³) grown on Si substrate and were in a line along an aluminum electrode with 10 μm spacing between the adjacent junctions. The elements of a pn junction array were irradiated with a 1 μm diameter 15 MeV C⁺ heavy ion microbeam spacing steps by 3 μm. At a bias voltage of − 10 V, 148, 91, and 54 fC were collected at the pn junction center, and at 3 μm and 4 μm from the edge of the electrode, respectively. Internal device structure was examined by IBIC (ion beam induced current) method by using a 2 MeV He⁺ ion microbeam. From the IBIC spectrum and the IBIC image, the charge collected from the open space by the diffusion process was observed in addition to the charge collected from the depletion layer of the pn junction.     

Research on 3D loading system for ITER gravity support prototype

The objective and importance of structural performance tests for the ITER gravity support prototype were described. The model of the gravity support system was established. Based on the analysis of loads, the torque transformation method and the 3D loading method for prototypes under complex load conditions were proposed. The proposed methods overcome 3D loading problems in the case of the complex load cases. The structural design schemes of the mixed 3D loading system with hydraulic bolt tensioners and the 3D loading system with bidirectional hydraulic cylinders were discussed. Two design schemes were compared and analyzed. Based on the finite element method, the numerical analysis of the 3D loading framework for bidirectional hydraulic cylinders was done. Results show the proposed 3D loading system meets the performance test requirements of the ITER gravity support prototype and should be preferred for the prototype loading experiment.     

188Re间接标记单克隆抗体的研究

采用先标记后偶联的方法,以NHS－MAG3为双功能连接剂,研究了用^188Re标记单克隆抗体的各种实验条件,得到了最佳标记方法和偶联方法。标记抗体^188Re-NHS-MAG3-IgG体外稳定性良好。完成了^188Re-NHS-MAG3-GL3在小鼠体内的生物分布实验,结果表明该配合物在体内稳定性良好。     

IMRT与3D-CRT在中央型非小细胞肺癌中的剂量分布研究

将三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)和调强放疗(IMRT)应用于中央型非小细胞肺癌的放射治疗中,并评价了不同计划方案在剂量学上的差异性。本研究选择了32例II期中央型非小细胞肺癌患者,在CT图像的基础上,对每位患者分别做了1个3D-CRT和2个IMRT计划(5野和7野),并评价计划的剂量分布特点及其优势。结果发现,IMRT的靶区平均剂量(PTVDmean)和靶区最大剂量(PTVDmax),靶区最大剂量与处方剂量的百分比(PTVDmax(%))和靶区适形指数(CI)均比3D-CRT高,但靶区均匀指数(HI)较3D-CRT差。IMRT计划中各项肺的指标和1%体积的脊髓所接受的剂量(脊髓D01)低于3D-CRT的对应值。另5野和7野的IMRT计划无显著差异。由此表明,IMRT计划能有效提高中央型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的靶区剂量,又能使正常组织得到更好地保护。对应用于中央型非小细胞肺癌的IMRT,采用5野照射已完全满足临床剂量学要求。     

电离辐射对MC3T3细胞增殖和Notch1、Jagged1基因表达的影响

揭示了电离辐射对成骨细胞系MC3T3细胞的增殖及其对Notch1和Jagged1基因表达的影响.成骨细胞系MC3T3细胞,经过0、2和4Gy 137Cs γ射线照射,运用MTT、实时定量PCR技术,检测电离辐射对与MC3T3细胞的增殖和增殖分化相关基因Notch1和Jagged1表达的影响.照射剂量为2和4 Gy时,细...     

1,25(OH)2D3和γ射线对人卵巢癌细胞SKOV-3的联合作用

为探讨活性维生素D(1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3,1,25(OH)2D3)与γ射线联合应用对SKOV-3细胞增殖的影响,评价1,25(OH)2D3能否增强γ射线对SKOV-3细胞的抑制作用,将实验分为1,25(OH)2D3组,60Coγ射线组以及两者联合作用组和对照组,用MTT法测定细胞抑制率,并用...     

Optical nonlinearity of Cu:SrTiO3 composite fabricated by negative ion implantation

Optical nonlinearity and dispersion were studied for Cu nanoparticle composite. Negative Cu⁻ ions with 60 keV were applied for implanting into SrTiO₃ at a flux of 10 μA/cm² up to a total fluence of 1 × 10¹⁷ ions/cm². The steady-state optical spectrum of Cu-implanted SrTiO₃ showed a surface plasmon resonance resulting from the formation of nanoparticles. Transient transmission and reflection were measured by the pump–probe method with a femtosecond laser system. Optical nonlinearity originated from Cu:SrTiO₃ nanoparticle composite and from SrTiO₃ matrix overlap, in measured transient spectra. The nonlinear component of Cu:SrTiO₃ composite was extracted from the transient spectra with the difference of time response. Nonlinear dielectric coefficient and dispersion around the surface plasmon resonance were derived from extracted transient spectra. The dispersion was compared with a local electric field factor.     

Preparation and biological evaluation of ^99Tc^m-labelled fatty acids

The aim of the present work was to develop radiolabelling fatty acids based on ^99Tc^m carbonyl chemistry for heart imaging. Undecanoic acids functionalised with iminodiacetatic acid and cysteine were radiolabelled with [^99Tc^m（CO）3（H2O）3]^＋ intermediates, and their radiolabelling conditions were carefully studied. Biodistribution of ^99Tc^m（CO）3-CYST FAC 11 and ^99Tc^m（CO）3-IDA FAC 11 were observed in normal mice. The results showed that two ^99Tc^m-labelled compounds had similar profile in terms of high initial radioactivity uptake and rapid washout of radiotracers in the heart. ^99Tc^m （CO）3-IDA FACII was mainly excreted via hepatobiliary system in contrast to ^99Tc^m （CO）3-CYST FAC11, which was excreted from urinary system. It may be in part attributed to the more lipophilicity of ^99Tc^m （CO）3-IDA FAC11 than ^99Tc^m （CO）3-CYST FAC11.     

Trace elements in sera from patients with renal disease

In hemodialysis (HD) patients, an accumulation of trace elements such as aluminum, copper, silicon and vanadium has been reported. Aluminum-caused encephalopathy and aluminum-related bone diseases are important trace element-related complications. Using particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) we determined concentrations of aluminum, silicon, copper, zinc, selenium and bromine in sera of 29 patients with HD, 14 nondialysis patients with renal disease (RD) and 27 normal controls. The concentration of serum silicon of the patients with HD was 107.4 ± 61.3 μmol/l, which is markedly higher than that of normal controls (48.3 ± 25.8 μmol/l, p < 0.0001). The serum concentrations of zinc and bromine in patients with HD were 11.9 ± 1.7 and 21.3 ± 3.0 μmol/l, respectively. Both were markedly lower than those of normal controls (15.6 ± 2.6, 69.2 ± 8.3 μmol/l, p < 0.0001). The concentrations of aluminium and bromine in the serum of patients with RD were 171.9 ± 64.3 and 81.9 ± 11.6 μmol/l, which were markedly higher than those of normal controls (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the concentration of copper and selenium among three groups.     

Environmental Tritium in the Vicinity of Tokai Reprocessing Plant

The distribution of ³H in the atmosphere, vegetations and soil water was observed in the vicinity of Tokai reprocessing plant (TRP) over the period 1990–2004. The annual means of the atmospheric HTO and HT concentrations were in the range of 12–40 mBqm^?3 with a significant seasonal variation and 14–51 mBqm^?3 with no seasonal variation, respectively. Long-term atmospheric dilution factors, defined as the annual mean of the atmospheric HTO concentration divided by the discharge rate of HTO from the TRP, were estimated to be 10^?8–10^?6 sm^?3. The atmospheric HTO concentrations decreased with distance from the TRP, falling to the current background level in Japan at 5 km off-site. The HTO concentrations observed were compared with those calculated by a simple mathematical model with input data of the monthly ³H discharge rates and actual meteorological conditions. The calculations were correlated well with the observations even for only a little HTO-elevated situation, considering the naturally occurring ³H level in atmospheric vapor around the TRP. Tritium concentrations in vegetation and soil water samples were roughly the same as the atmospheric HTO concentrations, suggesting the rapid equilibrium of ³H concentrations in the atmosphere-soil-vegetation system around the TRP.     

3T3细胞受照后微核及双核细胞的形成与细胞存活率的氧效应

本文观察和比较了有氧及乏氧条件下,经~(60)Coγ线照射后3T3细胞微核及双核细胞的形成及其与细胞存活率之间的关系。结果表明,在一定剂量范围内,有氧及乏氧照后,3T3细胞的微核率、微核细胞百分率及双核细胞百分率均与照射剂量呈线性关系。微核率、微核细胞百分率、双核细胞百分率及细胞存活率的氧增比分别为:2.02、1.96、1.87、及1.83。微核细胞百分率、双核细胞百分率及微核细胞与双核细胞之和的百分率均与细胞活存率之间有较好的相关性。本文还就3T3细胞辐射反应中的氧效应机制及微核及双核细胞形成的意义作了讨论。     

CENDL-3天然锆宏观检验

介绍了利用锆的中子泄漏谱实验和氢化锆慢化体临界实验对CENDL 3的天然锆全套中子评价数据进行的宏观检验。检验工作比较了用来自CENDL 3、CENDL 2 .1、BROND 2、ENDF/B VI.2、JENDL 3 .2和JENDL 3 .3等 6个不同评价库的锆所计算的中子泄漏谱。检验还分析了氢化锆慢化体临界实验的keff计算结果。检验结论认为CENDL 3天然锆的评价较CENDL 2 .1有所改进 ,但是非弹角分布、(n ,2n)反应和连续非弹性散射的双微分截面仍需要进一步调整。     

辛醇溶液、水溶液、固态及液-液萃取体系中TRDGA与Pr(Ⅲ)的配位研究

为加深对四烷基-3-氧杂-戊二酰胺（TRDGA）类配体与三价锕/镧离子配位的认识,利用光谱及单晶X射线衍射分析技术,分别在含水辛醇溶液、水溶液、晶体及液-液萃取体系中对比研究了脂溶性N,N′-二甲基-N,N′-二辛基-3-氧杂-戊二酰胺（DMDODGA,L）以及水溶性四甲基-3-氧杂-戊二酰胺（TMDGA,L′）与Pr(Ⅲ)的配位。光谱滴定实验结果表明,两配体在溶液中均可与Pr(Ⅲ)形成金属离子与配体比值为1∶1、1∶2及1∶3的配合物,并获得了配合物稳定常数及标准吸收光谱。配合物中金属离子与配体比值相同时,L和L′与Pr(Ⅲ)形成的每对配合物中Pr(Ⅲ)特征吸收峰的位置及形状均几乎完全相同,说明每对配合物的内配位层结构相同或相近。PrL′3(ClO4)3晶体漫反射光谱与PrL3+3及PrL′3+3标准吸收光谱的特征也相同,说明1∶3配合物均为三帽三棱柱配位构型。与加入硝酸根的光谱滴定实验相结合,通过有机相吸收光谱与已知固体/溶液配合物的漫反射/吸收光谱对比,确定了液-液萃取萃合物中,Pr(Ⅲ)至少有PrL2(NO3)(H2O)2+和PrL3+3 2种化学形态。     

CENDL库中Fe、W评价数据的改进对屏蔽积分实验计算结果的影响

利用中国原子能科学研究院核数据重点实验室中子积分实验装置,分别完成了氘氚中子与不同尺寸Fe、W样品作用的泄漏中子飞行时间谱实验测量。利用MCNP 4C程序开展了泄漏中子飞行时间谱的模拟计算,Fe和W的评价数据分别采用CENDL 32库及CENDL 31库的数据,并将两数据库模拟结果与实验结果进行对比分析,重点分析了CENDL 32库中Fe和W的数据的改进与不足。结果表明：对Fe中子评价数据,CENDL 32库在弹性散射能区、连续能级非弹性散射能区及分立能级非弹性散射能区,模拟结果均与实验结果符合较好,较CENDL 31库有明显改善;对W中子评价数据,CENDL 32库在非弹性散射能区的模拟结果与实验结果符合较好,较CENDL 31库有明显改善,但在弹性散射能区模拟结果高于实验结果,在(n,2n)反应能区模拟结果低于实验结果。CENDL 32库关于天然W的中子评价数据有待进一步改善。     

Equilibria of the Systems,PrCl3-HCl,NdCl3-HCl and PrCl3-NdCl3-HCl with Di-(2-ethyl hexyl) Phosphoric Acid in Amsco 125-82

Extractions of Pr and Nd by 1.0 M di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in Amsco**** 125-82 were carried out from PrCl₃-HCl and NdCl₃-HCl aqueous solutions with initial concentrations from 0.0 to 1.0 M HCl and 0.10 to 1.0 M PrCl₃ or NdCl₃. Distribution coefficients of Pr and Nd were obtained as a function of initial concentration of HCl with initial concentrations of Pr and Nd as parameters. Concentrations of Pr and Nd in both organic and aqueous phases for the systems 1.00 M D2EHPA-PrCl₃-HCl and 1.00 M D2EHPA-NdCl₃-HCl were also obtained using HCl concentrations in the aqueous phase at equilibrium as the parameter. Plots of these data were demonstrated to be useful for estimating final concentrations of Pr and Nd in the organic phase for the extractions of PrCl₃-HCl, NdCl₃-HCl and PrCl₃-NdCl₃-HCl solutions when the composition of the aqueous phase in equilibrium was known.     

Cytocompatibility of Ar plasma treated and Au nanoparticle-grafted PE

Polyethylene (PE) was irradiated with inert Ar plasma, and the chemically active PE surface was grafted with Au nanoparticles. The composition and the structure of the modified PE surface were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). Changes in the surface wettability were determined from the contact angle measured in a reflection goniometer. The changes in the surface roughness and morphology were followed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The modified PE samples were seeded with rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) or mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, and their adhesion and proliferation were studied. We found that plasma discharge and Au grafting lead to dramatic changes in the surface morphology and roughness of PE. The Au nanoparticles were found not only on the sample surface, but also in the sample interior up to the depth of about 100 nm. In addition, plasma modification of the PE surface, followed with grafting Au-nanoparticles, significantly increased the attractiveness of the PE surface for the adhesion and growth of VSMC, and particularly for mouse embryonic 3T3 fibroblasts.