双嘧达莫和腺苷-磷酸对照射小鼠免疫功能的影响

研究了预先给予双嘧达莫（ＤＰ）和腺苷－磷酸（ＡＭＰ）对不同剂量Ｘ射线照射小鼠免疫功能的影响。采用ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ纯系小鼠给予一次性不同剂量（０、１、２、４Ｇｙ）Ｘ射线照射。照射前给予ＤＰ２ｍｇ和ＡＭＰ５ｍｇ，检测胸腺细胞自发增殖反应能力和脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ的增殖反应能力的变化。结果表明：单纯给予ＤＰ＋ＡＭＰ组胸腺自发增殖反应能力和脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ的增殖反应能力较对照组明显下降，但１Ｇｙ和２ＧｙＸ射线照射前预先给予ＤＰ和ＡＭＰ能显著增强小鼠胸腺自发增殖反应能力和脾淋巴细胞对ＣｏｎＡ诱导的增殖反应能力。     

DHDECMP-TBP/煤油对U(Ⅵ)的萃取

ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ－ＴＢＰ／煤油体系从１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＮＯ３－ＵＯ２（ＮＯ３）２介质中萃取Ｕ（Ⅵ），除了存在ＴＢＰ和ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ的单独萃取反应外，还存在着ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ－ＴＢＰ的协同萃取反应。形成的萃合物分别为ＵＯ２（ＮＯ３）２．２ＴＢＰ、ＵＯ２（ＮＯ３）２．２ＤＨＥＣＭＰ和ＵＯ２（ＮＯ３）２．ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ．ＴＢＰ。实验测定了ＴＢＰ／煤油、ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ／煤油和ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ－ＴＢＰ／煤国同萃     

^153Sm—EDTMP的纸色层行为研究

采用两种新的＾１５３Ｓｍ－ＥＤＴＭＰ纸色层展开体系：Ｖ（氨水）：Ｖ（甲醇）：Ｖ（水）＝０．１：２：４（ｐＨ＝１１．０－１４．０）和Ｖ（氨水）：Ｖ（丙酮）：Ｖ（水）＝０．２：０．５：４（ｐＨ＝７．０－９．０）来研究＾１５３Ｓｍ－ＥＤＴＭＰ的纸色层行为，新体系比原有体系Ｖ（吡淀）：Ｖ（乙醇）：Ｖ（水）＝１：２：４的展开时间短，分离效果好，其中（氨＋丙酮＋水）体系分离效率高，标记峰不存在拖尾，展开时间缩     

DMPAQ分光光度法测定岩石中微量铀

研究了新试剂５－（４－二甲氨基苯偶氮）－８－羟基喹啉（ＤＭＰＡＱ）与铀（Ⅵ）的显色反应。在非离子型表面活性剂ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在和ｐＨ７．０—９．０缓冲介质中，铀（Ⅵ）与ＤＭＰＡＱ形成稳定的１∶２配合物，最大吸收波长为５１５ｎｍ，摩尔吸收系数κ＝５．６×１０３ｍ２／ｍｏｌ，铀的含量在０—２．０μｇ／ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律。在适量的ＣｙＤＴＡ存在下，大多数常用离子不干扰测定。经ＴＢＰ萃取色层分离后，本法用于岩石中微量铀的测定。     

聚变堆第一壁涂层材料TiC和TiN的残余应力研究

采用Ｘ衍射法测定了聚变堆第一壁涂层材料ＴｉＣ和ＴｉＮ薄膜的残余应力．对涂层材料不同的制备方法（化学气相沉积ＣＶＤ和物理气相沉积ＰＶＤ）、基体材料（Ｍｏ、石墨和３１６ＬＳＳ）、涂层厚度及沉积温度对残余应力的影响进行了研究．结果表明，ＣＶＤ与ＰＶＤ制备的涂层的残余应力均为压应力，且ＣＶＤ较ＰＶＤ产生的残余应力要低，Ｔｉ／Ｍｏ（ＣＶＤ）随涂层厚度（１４μｍ～６０μｍ）的增加，残余应力增加．ＰＶＤ涂层的残余应力主要为本征应力，高达数ＧＰａ．其值随沉积温度（２００℃～６５０℃）的升高而降低．对残余应力产生的原因作了初步讨论     

^197Au束轰击TiD靶引起的D—D熔合研究

测量了能量范围从１．０ＭｅＶ到５．２ＭｅＶ的＾１９７Ａｕ束轰击ＴｉＤ靶引发的Ｄ（ｄ，ｐ）Ｔ反应的质子产额曲线，为了对其进行解释，根据两步级联磁撞模型的框架编写的ＴＳＣＣＦＣ程序进行了相应的计算，发现计算结果与结果在误差范围内能较好地符合。     

^188Re—HEDP的制备和初步动物实验

用＾１８８Ｗ／＾１８８Ｒｅ发生器淋洗液制备了骨肿瘤治疗＾１８８Ｒｅ－ＨＥＤＰ，＾１８８Ｒｅ－ＨＥＤＰ的最佳标记条件为：５ｍｇＨＥＤＰ，２．０ｍｇＳｎＣｌ２和１ｍｇＶｃ，在ｐＨ２．０的条件下，标记率大于９５％，其体外１２ｈ内稳定性良好，在制备＾１８８Ｒｅ－ＨＥＤＰ时加入辅剂，注射后４ｈ，小鼠股骨摄取为（７．８６±１．６２）％ＩＤ／ｇ，而对照组仅为（１．９２±０．６１）％ＩＤ／ｇ（Ｐ〈０．０１），兔全     

α2M对辐射引起细胞自由基变化的影响

采用６０Ｃｏγ射线照射人皮肤成纤维细胞，并在照射前、后给予不同剂量的甲２巨球蛋白（α２Ｍ），用细胞色素Ｃ法、ＴＢＡ法及邻苯二酚自氧化法分别测定细胞超氧阴离子自由基（Ｏ２）释放、脂质过氧化（ＬＰＯ）水平及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活力。发现细胞受照后Ｏ２释放和ＬＰＯ水平显著增高（ｐ＜０，０１）；Ｏ２释放与照射剂量呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９６６，Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＯＤ活力显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），且与照射剂量呈负相关（γ＝０．９６６，Ｐ＜０．０１）。照射后给予α２Ｍ能显著抑制Ｏ２释放（Ｐ＜０．０１）、降低ＬＰＯ水平。     

糖尿病肾动态显像及与骨密度变化关系的临床研究

对４７例糖尿病（ＤＭ）患者及３５例性别、年龄相当的正常对照者行＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ动态显像和双能Ｘ线法腰椎２－４骨密度测定。结果表明,肾功能轻度与重度受损的患者骨密度（ＢＭＤ）同龄百分比值低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５和Ｐ〈０．０１）。重度肾功能受损的ＤＭ患者中,ＢＭＤ减低较其他ＤＭ患者严重,提示严重糖尿病肾脏病变将导致骨质疏松。因此,对肾功能受损的ＤＭ患者进行骨质疏松的防治非常必要,同时保护ＤＭ患者     

小剂量单次全射照射诱导小鼠免疫适应性反应的剂量与…

采用Ｘ射线单次全射照射，观察诱导小鼠免疫适应性反应的预照射剂量（Ｄ１剂量）范围，损伤性剂量（Ｄ２剂量）范围，及Ｄ１与Ｄ２最佳间隔时间。实验证实，当Ｄ２为１．５Ｇｙ时，０．０２５－０．１Ｇｙ（剂量率０．０９１２５Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ）可诱导胸腺细胞自发增殖及脾细胞对ＬＰＳ的适应性反应。当Ｄ１为０．０７５Ｇｙ时，Ｄ２在１．０－１．５Ｇｙ（剂量率０．３３Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ）范围内，胸腺细胞自发增殖及脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ、     

A precision control method for plasma electron density and Faraday rotation angle measurement on HL-2A

The precision of plasma electron density and Faraday rotation angle measurement is a key indicator for far-infrared laser interferometer/polarimeter plasma diagnosis.To improve the precision,a new multi-channel high signal-to-noise ratio HCOOH interferometer/polarimeter has been developed on the HL-2A tokamak.It has a higher level requirement for phase demodulation precision.This paper introduces an improved real-time fast Fourier transform algorithm based on the field programmable gate array,which significantly improves the precision.We also apply a real-time error monitoring module (REMM) and a stable error inhibiting module (SEIM) for precision control to deal with the weak signal.We test the interferometer/polarimeter system with this improved precision control method in plasma discharge experiments and simulation experiments.The experimental results confirm that the plasma electron density precision is better than 1/3600 fringe and the Faraday rotation angle measurement precision is better than 1/900 fringe,while the temporal resolution is 80 ns.This performance can fully meet the requirements of HL-2A.     

Amorphous phase and anisotropy induced by glancing incident ion beams in Co-Nb films

Co-Nb amorphous films were prepared with the aid of glancing incident ion beams during deposition process. Influence of ion interaction to phase formation and fine microstructure was studied. Amorphous range is about 19 to 63 at.% Co fractions, which is wider than that obtained by perpendicular ion bombardment (28 to 68 at.% of Co fractions). A ripple or a bamboo raft pattern with nano-scale periodicity is observed in the TEM (transmission electron microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and AFM (atomic force microscopy) images. The sizes of the image patterns are characterized by correlation length calculated from height-height correlation function (HHCF). The correlation length along the ion incidence is longer than that perpendicular to the ion incidence. Analysis regards that the glancing incident ion beams have high efficiency in both rapid cooling and ion mixing (IM). The main pattern feature in the images mainly comes from surface erosion. Other fine microstructure and the difference among the images result from surface diffusion or viscous flow effect.     

RETRACTED: Reproducibility study of (TLD-100) dosimeters using an automated and manual TLD reader for radiotherapy applications

The precision of the response of Harshow thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) is investigated for two Harshow TLD readers. The mean reproducibility for chips pre-readout annealed at 100 °C for 15 min, evaluated with the manual planchet reader 4500, is 0.61% (1 standard deviation) using pre-readout method. When chips are evaluated with the automated hot-gas reader 4500, reproducibility values are undoubtedly worse, mean reproducibility for numerically stabilized dosimeters being equal to 2.12%(1 standard deviation) using pre-readout method also. The pre-readout method was used for elimination of lower temperature peaks in order to obtain more stability. These results indicate that the automated hot-gas 4500 reader, or, at least, the instrument used for the present measurements, is not adequate for chips evaluation, if precise and accurate dosimetry is required. The difference in precision for manual planchet reader is apparently due to geometry inconsistencies in the orientation of the planchet to imperfect chips faces during readout, requiring careful and manual reproducible arrangement of the selected chips faces in contact with the manual reader planchet. In order to elucidate this point, the planchet support face of all chips dosimeters was identified with a small point made by pencil, reducing in this way geometrical variations.     

单脉冲磁场精确设定装置的研制

本文介绍了一种用于磁镜装置研究中脉冲磁场精确设定的装置，其重复精度误差小于１／１０００。     

On-line reconstruction of in-core power distribution by harmonics expansion method

Fixed in-core detectors are most suitable in real-time response to in-core power distributions in pressurized water reactors (PWRs). In this paper, a harmonics expansion method is used to reconstruct the in-core power distribution of a PWR on-line. In this method, the in-core power distribution is expanded by the harmonics of one reference case. The expansion coefficients are calculated using signals provided by fixed in-core detectors. To conserve computing time and improve reconstruction precision, a harmonics data library containing the harmonics of different reference cases is constructed. Upon reconstruction of the in-core power distribution on-line, the two closest reference cases are searched from the harmonics data library to produce expanded harmonics by interpolation. The Unit 1 reactor of DayaBay Nuclear Power Plant (DayaBay NPP) in China is considered for verification. The maximum relative error between the measurement and reconstruction results is less than 5.5%, and the computing time is about 0.53 s for a single reconstruction, indicating that this method is suitable for the on-line monitoring of PWRs.     

双能X线吸收法与近红外法测定脂肪含量的评价

用美国Ｌｕｎａｒ ＤＰＸ－Ｌ骨密度仪和日本ＦＶＴＲＥＸ－１０００型近红外仪对９２例人群进行脂肪含量评价。其中７８例为健康人，男性４３例，女性３５例。测定结果女性平均脂肪含量高于男性，两种方法对全部人群的体脂肪测定结果相关系数ｒ＝０．９２１，本文介绍测定原理并对两种方法的优缺点作了评价。     

Homogeneity study of an Fe impurity in unalloyed Zn using PIXE

We have studied the distribution of an Fe impurity in unalloyed Zn material along line scans in spots of 1 mm diameter each using PIXE. In order to achieve the necessary precision (1%) in the determination of this low Fe content (about 100 mg/kg), a sufficient counting rate of Fe X-rays is needed without overloading the counting electronics with Zn X-rays at the same time. Therefore, the development of our PIXE analysis system had to take into account: (a) optimising the thickness of a Ni absorber foil in order to selectively reduce the counting rate of Zn without adding an unproportionally high Ni counting rate, (b) implementing a triggered ion beam deflection system capable of handling very high counting rates (up to 8 kcps), (c) developing the spectrum evaluation code to take account of the selective absorption by the Ni foil. The results of our PIXE measurements showed an inhomogeneity in Fe of up to 10%, considered too high to accept this zinc material as a new reference material.     

CO对金属铀表面氧化层影响研究

用Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和气相色谱（ＧＣ）分析研究了ＣＯ对金属铀表面氧化层的影响。ＣＯ在表面氧化层上的吸附反应导致了Ｕ４ｆ峰向低结合能方向位移，氧化物中氧含量减少，原子比（Ｏ／Ｕ）比值下降了７．２％。体系中ＣＯ２体积分数增大１１．０％。研究结果表明，ＣＯ气氛可抑制金属铀表面的进一步氧化。     

Preliminary Research for Mutual Dose Perturbation Influence of 125I Brachytherapy Source

For two arrangement modes of two ¹²⁵I brachytheray sources, a homo-longitudinal axis and a homotransverse axis, the sum of dose distributions caused by each single source and actual dose distribution of the two coexisting sources are calculated separately in a clinically interested area by Monte Carlo simulation. Comparisons between them are used to evaluate the mutual dose perturbation influence. The result shows, for the homo-longitudinal axis arrangement, obvious perturbation can be observed along the longitudinal direction when the distances between sources' centers, L, are 0.5 cm and 1.0 cm, up to 11:7 ± 0:4% and 4:8 ± 0:2%, respectively, but, can be negligible for the distance exceeding 2.0 cm. For the homo- transverse axis arrangement, the range of dose perturbation depends on the source length and distances between sources' centers, and an influence extent is greater than the former, e.g., 27:2 ± 1:1%, 15:4 ± 0:6%, and 7:0 ± 0:3% maximum for L = 0:5 cm, 1.0 cm, and 2.0 cm, respectively. As for dose perturbation induced by the source leaning which happened in actual implant sometimes, the result indicates a dose fluctuation became more acute with obliquity increasing. The maximum dose increasing, 54:5 ± 2:1% and 199:7 ± 7:8%, and the maximum dose decreasing, 42:6 ± 1:7% and 64:9 ± 2:6%, could be observed for 10° and 30° obliquity with L = 1:0 cm for the two arrangement modes respectively.     

基于CompactRIO的数据采集模块设计

CompactRIO广泛应用于各类嵌入式控制和检测应用系统,但现有CompactRIO采集模块中缺少高集成度、高精度的采集模块,为解决高精度采样的需求,设计了基于NI CompactRIO的带自校准功能的高精度数据采集模块。模块在73.38 mm×66.04 mm面积内实现6通道24位的数据采集,THD优于108 dB,噪声RMS低于1.2μV。模块还根据内部精确参考源对ADC进行偏移和增益校准,经内部增益校准可将通道的幅度一致性从1.5%提高到5×10 6。