虚拟仪器的软件开发

作者用ＬａｂＷｉｎｄｏｗｓ／ＣＶＩ针对不同硬件平台开发了几套自动测试系统。本文通过ＣＶＩ的实际应用来阐述用该平台开发虚拟仪器的软件开发技术，如软面反，驱动程序，源代码程序等的编写方法，及统调和生成可独立执行软件包的过程等，最后作者还介绍了ＣＶＩ中高级编程技术。     

CCl4萃取分离碘时放射性碘与载体碘的同位素交换

研究了用ＣＣｌ４萃取法分离４７ＭｅＶ／ｕ的＾１２Ｃ离子与＾１３３Ｃｓ反应产生的碘时，放射性碘与不同价态的载体碘之间的同位素交换。结果表明：在碱性介质中用ＮａＣｌＯ把载体Ｉ＾－氧化为ＩＯ＾－４，再在酸性溶液中用ＮＨ２ＯＨ·ＨＣｌ还原到Ｉ２，然后用ＣＣｌ４萃取分离出碘，放射性碘与载体碘之间的交换是完全的。     

CAMAC服务器

本文介绍使用ＶＣＣ２１１７ＣＡＭＡＣ机箱控制器建立的ＣＡＭＡＣ服务器，客户机使用ＶＭＥ实时工作站，具有符合ＩＥＥＥ标准的ＣＡＭＡＣ子程序库，客户－服务器之间通信采用机箱间电缆总线ＶＩＣｂｕｓ。     

冠心病患者循环血中内皮细胞、内皮素和6－酮－前列环素F_（1a）的动态变化及意义

以循环内皮细胞（ＣＥＣ）作为血管内皮细胞（ＶＥＣ）损伤的指示物，以血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）和前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）反映ＶＥＣ的功能变化，对８５例冠心病患者与３０例正常人进行对比研究，并对５０例不稳定型心绞痛及２０例急性心肌梗塞进行了动态观察．结果表明：冠心病外周血中ＣＥＣ、ＥＴ明显升高（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＰＧＩ２明显下降（Ｐ＜０．００１），尤以不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗塞更显著，与病情的严重程度相一致．提示冠心病ＶＥＣ损伤，以及它所分泌的内皮源性舒缩因子失平衡参与了冠心病的病理过程。     

中子活化法测定肿瘤小鼠脏器中的元素含量

用仪器中子活化法在微型反应堆上对小鼠的毛、脑、心肝、肾、肺、肌肉、肿瘤等８种组织中Ｂｒ、Ｃａ、Ｃｌ、Ｃｕ、Ｉ、Ｋ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ｎａ、Ｓ和Ｖ等１１种元素进行了测定。其中铜的分析利用６５Ｃｕ（ｎ，γ）６６Ｃｕ反应，通过测定６６Ｃｕ的１０３９．６ｋｅＶγ射线强度进行定量。方法可靠性用ＮＢＳ－１５７７（牛肝）、ＩＡＥＡ－Ｈ４（肌肉）、虾粉等标准物质核对，测定值与推荐值相一致。     

面向对象技术在核爆炸次声探测中的应用

介绍了用ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＾＋＋开发的核爆炸声探测系统软件,简述了该探测系统的结构原理和工作过程,给出了软件结构,着重分析了类及其层交关系。     

小型TCT空间分辨本领的研究

描述一台低能窄束γ射线ＴＣＴ装置。整个系统使用虚拟仪器控制程度ｌａｂＶＩＥＷ进行控制、数据采集和重建。对系统的空间分辨率与扫描步长，扫描角度的关系进行了研究并给出相关的实验结果。     

THE BEHAVIORS OF 48keV Si IONS IMPLANTED INTO（100）GaAs

ＴＨＥＢＥＨＡＶＩＯＲＳＯＦ４８ｋｅＶＳｉＩＯＮＳＩＭＰＬＡＮＴＥＤＩＮＴＯ（１００）ＧａＡＳＬｉｕＨｕｉｚｈｅｎ（刘惠珍）；ＣａｏＤｅｘｉｎ（曹德新）；ＺｈｕＤｅｚｈａｎｇ（朱德彰）；ＺｈｕＦｕｙｉｎｇ（朱福英）ａｎｄＣａｏＪｉａｎｑｉｎｇ（曹建清...     

堆内热离子能量转换器测量系统

该系统是虚拟仪器技术在该领域的具体应用，作者用ＬａｂＷｉｎｄｏｗ／ＣＶ１５．０和通用的ＰＣ采集卡来完成堆内热离子转换器实验装置用的转换器电压－电流特性及转换器件温度的测量和分析。这是一套非常完整的具有很高性能价格比的通用测控系统。可扩展到１２８路不同信号的采集和处理，可以运用到各类测控领域。     

CONCLUSION OF INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NUCLEAR ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT AT BEIJIN ON 14～18 OCT.1996

ＣＯＮＣＬＵＳＩＯＮＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＮＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＳＹＭＰＯＳＩＵＭＯＮＮＵＣＬＥＡＲＥＮＥＲＧＹＡＮＤＴＨＥＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＴＢＥＩＪＩＮＯＮ１４～１８ＯＣＴ．１９９６Ｂ．Ｇ．Ｂｅｎｎｅｔ（ＵＮＳＣＥＡＲ）Ｗｅｈａｖｅｃｏｍｅｔｏｔｈｅｅｎ...     

Self-reduction of dioxoplutonium VI: Characterization and modeling of radiolytic and disproportionation pathways

Kinetic modeling shows that self-reduction of dioxoplutonium VI is consistent with disproportionation of Pu(VI) and reaction of the Pu(VII) product with water, as well as with alpha-particle radiolysis of water and reaction of products with Pu(VI). Comparison of predicted and observed [Pu(VI)]–time data confirms that self-reduction of ²³⁸Pu(VI) at pH 0 is induced by radiolysis, but that self-reduction reactions of ²³⁹Pu(VI) at pH 1.5 and ²⁴²Pu(VI) at pH 6 are driven by disproportionation. Modeling of [Pu(VI)]–time behavior of solutions containing ²¹⁰Po as an alpha source shows that control of the reduction path changes from disproportionation to radiolytic over time at pH 0.7. Self-reduction of Pu(VI) consistently follows the most rapid path as determined by pH, Pu(VI) concentration, and the isotopic state of Pu. Chemistry and kinetics of the processes by which Pu(VI) self-reduction drives the decrease in average oxidation number of plutonium-containing solutions over time are discussed.     

Effect of chemical structure of monoamide resins on adsorptivity to uranium(VI) in nitric acid media

For the development of resins with selectivity for uranium(VI) in nitric acid media, some silica-supported monoamide resins with different chemical structures have been newly synthesized and the adsorptivities to U(VI) in HNO₃ have been examined based on our previous results that the chemical structure of monoamide resins might largely affect their adsorptivities to U(VI). The resin consisting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone was found to show relatively strong adsorptivity to U(VI) in the wide concentration range of HNO₃ and little dependence on them. On the other hand, the adsorptivity to U(VI) of the resin with methylacetamide showed dependence on HNO₃ concentrations such as dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) resins which were previously studied, whereas the affinity to U(VI) was smaller than those of DMAA resins. According to the probable adsorption mechanism of U(VI) onto monoamide resins that two oxygen atoms of the two amide groups coordinate to U(VI), the adsorption data suggest that the adsorptivity of monoamide resins is strongly affected by the ‘chelating effect’, namely there are some optimum numbers of the atoms participating in the chelating formation.     

Electrical Parameter Measurement System of the Ion Source for EAST Neutral Beam Injector

Neutral beam injection (NBI) is recognized as one of the most effective means of plasma heating. A virtual instrument (VI) has been designed to provide electrical parameter measurement for the ion source of EAST-NBI. The VI is written using the National Instruments LabVIEW graphical programming language. All data acquisition (DAQ) is accomplished using ADLINK DAQ hardware interface and Task-oriented DAQ Driver. The VI can measure filament voltage, filament current, arc voltage, arc current and accelerating voltage etc. The data obtained from the VI are feedback of the ion source operation state and helpful to direct the operation parameter optimization of the ion source.     

Development of the tailored SiC/SiC composites by the combined fabrication process of ICVI and NITE methods

In order to improve the thermo-mechanical performances of SiC/SiC composite, process improvement and modification by the combination of nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase (NITE) method and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) method were studied. Multilayered PyC/SiC fiber coating and matrix infiltration within fiber-tows were prepared with isothermal/isobaric CVI (ICVI) method and full-densification of SiC matrix was examined with NITE methods using four kinds of processing options. Applied pressure was useful for nearly-full matrix densification due to the promoting infiltration driving force of SiC nano-powder intra-fiber-tows, but simultaneously caused the sever degradation of fibers and interphase with fracture, resulting in lower strength. Increase of additives amount and additional polymer were effective ways for matrix densification by SiC nano-power infiltration intra-fiber bundles without pressure. Thermal conductivity was greatly improved with the decrease of matrix porosity. The tailoring of thermo-mechanical properties might be easily controlled by the SiC matrix porosity without process-induced fibers and interphases degradations.     

Solvent Extraction of Americium(VI) by Tri-n-Butyl Phosphate

Solvent extraction of Am(VI) by tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) from nitric acid solutions was investigated to develop a novel method for partitioning americium from high level liquid waste generated through spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. Am(VI) was prepared using ammonium peroxodisulfate and silver nitrate. The distribution coefficients of Am(VI) were determined for extraction systems of various concentrations of nitric acid and TBP. Sufficiently stable Am(VI) could be extracted and the extraction reaction of Am(VI) was found to be the same as for other hexavalent actinides. The apparent equilibrium constant varied with the concentration of peroxodisulfate used for the valence control, which was ascribed to the competitive reaction of the extraction of Am(VI) and the complex formation of Am(VI) with sulfate ion produced by the decomposition of peroxodisulfate. A distribution coefficient of Am(VI) above 1 was obtained with undiluted TBP and the separation factor between Am(VI) and Nd(III) was 87±9. TBP extraction of Am(VI), after implementing valence control, was proved to be an effective method for the partitioning of americium from fission products such as rare earth elements.     

Sorption of U(VI) on the 4-Mercaptopyridine Self-Assembled Monolayer

The sorption of U(VI) on the 4-mercaptopyridine self-assembled monolayer (4-PyS-SAM) on Au(111) was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of the 4-PyS-SAM working electrode were obtained by contact with 1mM UO₂(NO₃)₂ solution, 1mM UO₂(NO₃)₂ and 50mM acetic acid solution, or 1mM UO₂(NO₃)₂ and 50mM oxalic acid solution for 6 h at pH 4. The reduction current of U(VI) to U(V) was detected in the CV. The CV of the U(VI) associated 4-PyS-SAM after transport to U(VI)-free 0.1M NaClO₄ solution showed that the reduction current was detected in the cases of UO₂(NO₃)₂ and U(VI)-acetate, but not in the case of U(VI)-oxalate solution, indicating that U(VI) was adsorbed on the 4-PyS-SAM from the UO₂(NO₃)₂ and U(VI)-acetate solutions, but not from U(VI)-oxalate solution. These results suggest that stability of U(VI)-4-PyS-SAM is not so high that U(VI)-4-PyS-SAM cannot be formed in the presence of 50mM oxalate.     

U(Ⅵ)电还原反萃动力学研究——Ⅱ.U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取动力学

本文在带有阴阳极的恒界面池中研究了HNO_3-N_2H_5NO_3(H_2O)/UO_2(NO_3)_2-HNO_3(30％TBP-煤油)体系在U(Ⅵ)电解还原过程中的U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取动力学。这是U(Ⅵ)电还原反萃动力学研究的第二步。根据实验结果和数据处理,得到U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取过程的表观活化能分别为36.02kJ/mol和21.13kJ/mol;U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取速率随两相搅拌速率的增大而增大;U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取过程均由扩散控制。随着阴极电位的降低,U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取速率均增大。     

Nitrogen and helium permeation tests of SiCf/SiC composites

The permeance of inert gases (N₂ and He) through coated SiC based ceramic composites both in form of tubes and discs has been measured, in particular SiC-SiC_f/SiC functionally graded material tubes made of SiC-SiC_f with a SiC polycrystalline sealing coating and chemically vapour infiltrated (CVI) SiC_f/SiC composite discs have been tested.The permeation tests have been aimed at verifying the effectiveness of coatings obtained by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and used for closing the porosity of the composite materials and assuring their gas sealing. The measurements have been carried out at room temperature with operating pressure in the range 130-500 kPa. The SiC-SiC_f/SiC functionally graded material has shown very low permeability values. The CVI SiC_f/SiC composite tested has shown rather low permeance values, although the material is not gas tight: its reduced permeance was attributed to both the high fibre percentage and the dense SiC coating.     

SiC复合包壳热冲击行为分析

为了解决SiC复合包壳热冲击行为模拟存在收敛性差、热冲击性能研究不足的问题，通过模拟冷却剂丧失事故（LOCA）下双层SiC复合包壳内应力状态，采用多物理场耦合的COMSOL软件对SiC复合包壳热冲击行为进行数值模拟，分析了厚度比例、热冲击温度以及端塞对SiC复合包壳的抗热冲击性能的影响。结果表明，热冲击产生的环向应力随化学气相渗透层（CVI层）与 化学气相沉积层（CVD层）厚度比例增大而增大，当CVI层与CVD层厚度比为9: 1时，SiC 复合包壳在热冲击过程中产生的环向拉应力可达113 MPa；热冲击产生的环向应力随热冲击温度差增大而增大，当热冲击温度为1200 K时，产生的环向应力达112.7 MPa；热冲击过程中端塞处有明显应力集中，其径向应力达22.3 MPa，高于文献报道的结合强度（20~25 MPa），是导致端塞连接处失效的主要原因。      

DBC solvent extraction of U(VI) from thiocyanate medium

1 INTRODUCTIONFOr many years much effort has been invested in studying the solvent extraction ofactfordes, such as thoriuxn, neptunium, americium, and uranium with crown eth..,.ll'ZJAmong those papers on extraction of uranium with crown ethers, most experbontswere performed in HCI or HNO3 .edi..[1-9] It was considered that the urhaum(VI)was extracted as a form of complex aulon UO,CI.' in HCI and chlorides media.[4'9]Even thiocyanate is somewhat similar to halogen in chemical proper…