准噶尔盆地南缘紫泥泉子组孢粉组合及其意义

报道了新疆准噶尔盆地南缘紫泥泉子组中、下部孢粉组合Schizaeoisporites-Classopollis-Yenjiapollis.根据孢粉组合特征及其对比,将组合的时代划归晚白垩世中晚期(赛诺早期)。这一研究成果填补了新疆北部晚白垩世孢粉资料的空白,为准噶尔盆地、乃至中国晚白垩世植物群的研究提供了重要的孢粉资料。依据孢粉的特殊性,新疆北部属于西北干旱孢粉植物区。     

河北唐山南部早二叠世孢粉组合及油气意义

唐山南部早二叠世山西组、下石盒子组的地层中发现了较丰富的孢粉化石。据孢粉组合特征,自下而上划分为两个孢粉组合,即光面单缝孢-匙唇孢-煎叶抱组合,光面单缝孢-费氏粉-双囊花粉组合。第一组合时代为山西组,第二组合为下石炭统石盒子组。并将它们和国内同时期的孢粉组合进行了比较和讨论。      

蒙、甘、青地区侏罗纪孢粉组合序列及古气候

研究了蒙、甘、青地区侏罗纪孢粉组合特征,结合前人研究成果建立了该区侏罗纪7个孢粉组合,其中早侏罗世3个(P rotocon if erus-T aen iaesporites组合、O smund acid ites-Chasm atosporites-D isaccites组合和C lassopollis-Cyath id ites-Cycadop ites组合)、中侏罗世3个(Cyath id ites-Quad raecu lina-Cycadop ites组合、Cyath id ites-Ca llia lasporites-P inuspollen ites组合和C lassopollis-Cyath id ites-Inap erturop llen ites组合)和晚侏罗世1个(C lassopollis高含量组合)。综合利用孢粉植物群、孢粉亲缘植物古生态、沉积组合特征等,探讨了侏罗纪古气候格局及演化规律,指出早中侏罗世古气候总体温暖湿润,晚期发生一次干热化事件,中侏罗世晚期气候较炎热干旱,到晚侏罗世干热化程度进一步加剧,全区处于炎热干旱气候环境。     

吉6井二叠系孢粉组合,原油孢粉集合与油源岩探讨

吉6井位于准噶尔盆地东部吉木萨尔凹陷东坡,井下岩心显示出上二叠统芦草沟组、下仓房沟群发育。本文研究了吉6井井段1650～2010m岩样孢粉组合特征和井段1821.06～1920m原油样品孢粉集合类型,建立了井下上二叠统孢粉组合的层序,指出原油孢粉集合为单一型,属自生自储,吉6井油源岩为上二叠统芦草沟组。     

一平浪植物化石在新疆“卡鲁岩系”的发现兼论中国“肯氏兽层”的地质时代

六十年代初,斯行健、周志炎(1962)曾将中国中生代植物划分为五个不同时代的植物群,即: 5.被子植物群(早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世) 4.茹伏德蕨—拟金粉蕨(Ruffordia—Onychiopsis)植物群(晚侏罗世至早白垩世早期) 3.锥蕨—拟刺葵(Coniopteris—Phoenicopsis)植物群(早侏罗世至中侏罗世) 2.网叶蕨—格子蕨(Dictyophyllum—Clathropteris)植物群[晚三迭世(晚期?)至早侏罗世] 1.拟丹尼蕨—贝尔瑙蕨(Danaeopsis—Bernouillia)植物群(晚三迭世早期至晚期)     

松辽盆地三站地区营城组孢粉化石的意义

提出松辽盆地营城组自下而上应划发为3段，即中基性火山岩及含煤碎屑岩段、酸性火山岩段、含煤碎屑岩及中基性火山岩段。其中酸性火山岩段中的流岩是区域地层划分对比的标志岩性。首次在松辽盆地三站地区深层中发现孢粉化石，其孢粉组合特征可与松辽盆地东南缘九台地区、冯部北安地区营城组孢粉组合对比。孢粉组合中出现了Appendisisporites sp.、Aequitriradites sp.、Pilosisporites sp.、Klukisporites sp.等早白垩世特有或在早白垩世繁盛的分子，特别是Cicatricosisporites australiensis (Balme)Potonie的含量高达31．8％，以及没有出现原始被子类花粉这一特征，可将三站地区营城组时代进一步确定为早白垩世中期（大致相当巴列姆期）。据孢粉化石所属母体植物的生态特征，推测该区营城组沉积时属温暖湿润的亚热带气候，但南方干旱气候对本地区也有一定影响。     

内蒙古霍林河盆地霍林河组下含煤段孢粉组合及其意义

本文研究了内蒙古霍林河盆地霍林河组下含煤段８６属１５７种孢粉化石，讨论了孢粉组合特征，将该组合与邻区海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组和黑龙江鸡西盆地城子河组等孢粉组合进行了对比；结合共生的植物、双壳类和昆虫化石提出并论证了霍林河组下含煤段的时代属于欧特里夫－巴雷姆早期的观点。此外，本文根据孢粉植物群面貌探讨了当时的古气候特征，根据孢粉化石的色变指数，讨论了孢粉化石的热变质成熟度。     

塔里木盆地杜瓦剖面二叠——三叠系界线及其特征

在塔里木盆地南缘杜瓦剖面上发现了中下三叠统，建立了晚二叠世、早三叠世、中三叠世早期３个孢粉组合，分别为：（１）Ａｌｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｌｕｅｃｋｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓｖｉｒｋｋｉａｅ－Ｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓｗｕｎｔｏｎｇ－ｇｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ－Ｐｒｏｔｏｈａｐｌｏｚｙｐｉｎｕｓ组合，（２）Ｋｒａｅｕｓｅｌｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｌｕｎｄｂｌａｄｉｓｐｏｒａ－Ｍｉｎｔｏｓａｃｃｕｓ－Ｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ组合，（３）Ｍｉｎｕｔｏｓａｃｃｕｓ－Ｐｒｉｓｔｉｎｕｓｐｏｌｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ－Ｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｌｕｎｄｂｌａｄｉｓｐｏｒａ－Ｒｅｔｕｓｏｔｒｉｌｅｔｅｓ组合。二叠—三叠系界线上下具有孢粉化石突变、化学元素及粘土矿物含量变化较大、岩性一致、沉积连续的特征。     

内蒙古霍林河盆地霍林河线下含煤段孢粉组合及其意义

本文研究了内蒙古霍林河盆地霍林河组下含煤段８６属１５７种孢粉化石，讨论了孢粉组合特征，将该组合与邻区海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组和黑龙江鸡西盆地城子河组等孢粉组合进行了对比；结合共生的植物、双壳类和昆虫化石提出并论证了霍林河组下含煤段的时代属于欧特里夫巴雷姆早期的观点。此外，本文根据孢粉植物群面貌探讨了当时的古气候特征，根据孢粉化石的色变指数，讨论了孢粉化石的热变质成熟度。     

准噶尔盆地乌夏地区二叠系沉积特征及有利储集层

准噶尔盆地乌夏地区二叠纪处于前陆盆地的早、中期,受断层活动、火山作用和物源等不同因素影响,早二叠世发育了一套由火山岩向火山碎屑岩、正常碎屑岩过渡的岩性组合,火山作用总体向上逐渐减弱.中、晚二叠世前陆盆地逐渐向坳陷盆地过渡,其中风城组沉积期为二叠纪最大湖侵期,沉积中心向南迁移;夏子街组沉积期和下乌尔禾组沉积期广泛发育扇三角洲-湖泊相沉积组合,自下而上为基准面上升-下降-上升的旋回.岩性和构造控制了火山岩储集层的发育,沉积相则控制了碎屑岩储集层的发育.水下分流主河道砂体的粒内溶孔、构造活动带火山碎屑岩的裂缝、深层火山岩中的气孔是最为有利的储集空间.     

塔里木盆地杜瓦地区早三叠世地层,生物群与环境

在塔里木盆地杜瓦地区早三叠世地层（乌尊萨依组）中，发现了孢粉、大孢子、叶肢介、鱼和疑源类等化石。其中以孢粉化石最为丰富，共发现孢粉５０属，６７种，根据这些孢粉化石建立了一个孢粉组合，命名为Ｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｃａｍｐｔｏｔｒｉｌｅｔｅｓ组合，这些化石的发现，为建立皮山杜瓦地区早三叠世生物地层奠定了基础。     

塔里木盆地泥盆-石炭系孢粉研究新进展

依据对塔里木盆地塔中地区一些探井孢粉化石的最新研究,补充和完善了盆地泥盆—石炭系孢粉组合,在“八五”期间建立的组合序列框架的基础上,提出了适合全盆地的包括１２个组合带的泥盆—石炭系孢粉组合序列纲要。并描述了各孢粉组合带的特征,讨论了组合的地质时代。这对于揭示盆地晚泥盆世至石炭纪孢粉植物群性质,确定井下岩组时代及地层对比关系可起到重要的作用     

塔里木盆地构造—地层组合特征

分析研究塔里木盆地构造－地层组合特征，对寻找塔里木盆地大油气田具有重要意义。根据该盆地构造、沉积发育特征，将它划分为前震旦系基底构造－地层、震旦系—下二叠统海相克拉通盆地构造－地层、上二叠统—中、新生界前陆盆地构造－地层三大组合系统。前震旦纪基底性质南北有别，南塔里木地块以前长城系的混合片麻岩、麻粒岩为基底，而北塔里木地块则以中、上元古界的浅变质岩为基底。基底的南北差异造成盆地盖层中构造－地层组合的差异，震旦纪—早二叠世为海相克拉通盆地发育期，震旦纪发生板内裂陷形成库鲁克塔格—满加尔坳拉槽，早寒武世—奥陶纪和石炭纪是盆地两次大的海侵期，沉积了富含烃类的碳酸盐岩建造；晚二叠世—中、新生代为前陆盆地发育期，晚海西运动使南天山全面崛起形成库车前陆盆地，中、新生代随着南天山褶皱冲断带的不断南移，前陆盆地也不断向南推进、扩展，沉积了巨厚的含煤、含油建造。     

ORDOVICIAN—PERMIAN PALAEOGEOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL EURASIA: DEVELOPMENT OF PALAEOZOIC PETROLEUM-BEARING BASINS

In this paper, we discuss three petroleum-bearing basins of Palaeozoic age in Central Eurasia—the Precaspian, Tarim and Chu-Sarysu Basins. We make use of recently-published palaeogeographic maps of the Central Eurasian region, six of which are presented here (Late Ordovician, Early-Middle Devonian, Late Devonian, Early Carboniferous, Early Permian and Late Permian). The maps illustrate the development through the Palaeozoic of the Palaeoasian and Palaeotethys Oceans; of the East European, Siberian and Tarim cratons; and of the Kazakhstan and other microcontinental blocks.
The Kazakhstan block formed during the Late Ordovician and is a collage of Precambrian and Early Palaeozoic microcontinents and island arcs. It is surrounded by collisional foldbelts (Ob-Zaisan, Ural-Tianshan and Junggar-Balkhash) which formed in the Late Carboniferous — Permian. We believe that the formation of a stable Kazakhstan block is not consistent with the existence of the previously-identified "Kipchak arc" within the Palaeoasian ocean, or (as has previously been proposed) with activity on this arc up to the end of the Palaeozoic.
The oil and gas potential of the Precaspian, Tarim and Chu-Sarysu Basins depends to a large extent on their tectonic stability during the Palaeozoic and subsequent time. The Precaspian Basin has been stable since the Cadomian orogeny (Early Cambrian) and is known to have major hydrocarbon potential. The Tarim Basin (NW China) has somewhat lower potential because the margins of the Tarim continental block have been affected by a series of collisional events; that margin with the Palaeotethys Ocean, for example, was active during the Late Palaeozoic. The Chu-Sarysu Basin on the Kazakhstan block is the least stable of the three and contains only minor gas accumulations.     

吐哈盆地台北凹陷七克台组孢粉组合

对采自吐哈盆地台北凹陷葡1井和草南1井的样品进行了分析,在七克台组共发现孢粉化石32属54种,依据属种含量分布特征与地层意义,孢粉组合可确立为以Cranu-latisporites-Classopollis-Podocarpidites为代表的组合,其中裸子植物花粉占优势,含量为68.7%,蕨类植物孢子含量为31.3%,与邻区及国内其他地区同时代孢粉组合的对比,认为七克台组孢粉组合与我国陕甘宁盆地中部直罗组、甘肃靖远王家山组、河北北部九龙山组所含的孢粉组合较相似,其地质时代应属中侏罗世晚期,大致相当Bathonian-Callovian期.     

塔里木盆地西部石炭,二叠系划分对比

将塔里木盆地西部石炭、二叠系划分为３个地层分区、６个地层小区。建立了蜓、牙形石、有孔虫、介形虫、孢粉５个门类的化石带或化石组合共３６个。用各门类化石，结合国内外的化石资料对各地层小区进行了对比，厘定了新的地层划分方案。为石油地质勘探和井下地层划分对比提供了依据。     

准噶尔盆地石莫1井中生代孢粉组合及其地层意义

为解决准噶尔盆地石莫地区井下地层划分以及与周边地区地层对比问题,对石莫1井中生界孢粉化石进行了系统研究。所见孢粉化石共计98 属195种,建立了5个孢粉组合,依次为Concavissimisporites-Classopollis-Rugubivesiculites组合,对应下白垩统清水河组;Cyathidites-Cerebropollenites-Piceaepollenites组合,对应下—中侏罗统三工河组;Osmundacidites-Cycadopites-Protoconiferus组合,对应下侏罗统八道湾组;Dictyophyllidites-Aratrisporites-Alisporites组合,对应上三叠统白碱滩组至下侏罗统八道湾组下部;Punctatisporites-Converrucosisporites xinjiangensis-Parataeniaesporites pseudostriatus组合,对应中—上三叠统克拉玛依组。其组合特征可分别与准噶尔盆地南缘清水河组、三工河组、八道湾组、黄山街组和郝家沟组、克拉玛依组孢粉组合对比。孢粉化石资料表明,该井区侏罗系发育不全,缺失头屯河组、齐古组和喀拉扎组;三工河组的时代为早侏罗世晚期—中侏罗世早期,中侏罗统与下侏罗统的界线应划在三工河组下段与上段之间;八道湾组底部时代为晚三叠世,三叠系与侏罗系的界线应划在八道湾组下部。     

Processes and causes of Phanerozoic tectonic evolution of the western Tarim Basin,northwest China

This paper addresses the Phanerozoic tectonic evolution of the western Tarim Basin based on an integrated stratigraphic,structural and tectonic analysis.P-wave velocity data show that the basin has a stable and rigid basement.The western Tarim Basin experienced a complex tectonic evolutionary history,and this evolution can be divided into six stages:Neoproterozoic to Early Ordovician,Middle Ordovician to Middle Devonian,Late Devonian to Permian,Triassic,Jurassic to Cretaceous and Paleogene to Quaternary.The western Tarim Basin was a rift basin in the Neoproterozoic to Early Ordovician.From the Middle Ordovician to Middle Devonian,the basin consisted of a flexural depression in the south and a depression that changed from a rift depression to a flexural depression in the north during each period,i.e.,the Middle-Late Ordovician and the Silurian to Middle Devonian.During the Late Devonian to Permian,the basin was a depression basin early and then changed into a flexural basin late in each period,i.e.,the Late Devonian to Carboniferous and the Permian.In the Triassic,the basin was a foreland basin,and from the Jurassic to Cretaceous,it was a downwarped basin.After the Paleogene,the basin became a rejuvenated foreland basin.Based on two cross sections,we conclude that the extension and shortening in the profile reflect the tectonic evolution of the Tarim Basin.The Tarim Basin has become a composite and superimposed sedimentary basin because of its long-term and complicated tectonic evolutionary history,highly rigid and stable basement and large size.