Modeling the heat of vaporization of petroleum fractions and pure hydrocarbons

The present contribution was aimed to estimate the vaporization enthalpy of petroleum fractions and pure hydrocarbons by using the combination of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and genetic algorithm (GA) called GA-ANFIS. This tool can approximate the vaporization enthalpy as a function of the specific gravity, molecular weight, and boiling point temperature with high accuracy based on 122 data gathered from the previously published literature. Furthermore, results from the proposed model have been compared with different correlations and its acceptable predictive ability against other correlations was proved in order to the estimation of the vaporization enthalpy. The percentage of absolute relative deviation and R-squared (R²) was 1.64% and 0.9967%, respectively. This tool is simple to use and can be of considerable help for petroleum engineers to have an accurate estimation of vaporization enthalpy of hydrocarbon fractions of pure hydrocarbons.     

Application of the ANFIS strategy to estimate vaporization enthalpies of petroleum fractions and pure hydrocarbons

The aim of this study was to utilize the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system to estimate the vaporization enthalpy of petroleum fractions and pure hydrocarbons. This tool predicts the vaporization enthalpy as function of the specific gravity, molecular weight, and boiling point temperature based on 122 data gathered from the previous published literatures. Moreover, a comparison was carried out between the present model and some popular models. Results from the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model showed its better predictive capability compared to previous models. The obtained values of root mean square error and R² were 0.588 and 0.9934, respectively. This tool is simple to apply and can be of massive evaluation for petroleum engineers to have a great approximation of vaporization enthalpy of pure hydrocarbons hydrocarbon fractions.     

Implementing PSO-LSSVM model to approximate vaporization enthalpy of pure hydrocarbons and petroleum fractions

The purpose of the present research was to estimate the heat of vaporization for petroleum fractions and pure hydrocarbons by the least-square support vector machine (LSSVM) as a function of the specific gravity, molecular weight, and boiling point temperature. Moreover, a particle swarm optimization technique was applied to determine optimal dependent parameters of LSSVM. In addition, results obtained from the proposed LSSVM model have been compared to some developed correlations by scholars. According to statistical observations, the LSSVM model has acceptable predictions by the value of mean relative deviation and R-squared (R²) equal to 0.51% and 0.9998, respectively. The present predictive manner can be used in petroleum engineering for an accurate approximation of heat of vaporization.     

Neural computing approach for predicting vaporization enthalpy of pure hydrocarbons and petroleum fractions

The current collaboration was aimed to approximate the heat of vaporization for petroleum fractions and pure hydrocarbons through using the multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) based on the specific gravity, molecular weight, and boiling point temperature. Furthermore, Levenberg Marquardt algorithm was utilized to train the ANN structure and optimize its tuning parameters. Another comparison was carried out between the outcomes of suggested MLP-ANN model and six well-known correlations. Better results were observed for predicting heat of vaporization by the MLP-ANN model with the obtained value of mean relative error (MRE) and R-squared (R²) equal to 1.31% and 0.9962%, respectively. This computational approach can be applied in the petroleum engineering for a precise determination of heat of vaporization.     

基团对应状态法（CSGC）用于估算不同温度下纯物质的蒸发焓

用基团对应状态法（ＣＳＧＣ）提出新的蒸发焓估算方程（ＣＳＧＣ－ＨＷ），对７５种基团的参数由包括饱和烃、不饱和烃、环烃、芳烃、含氧化合物、含硫化合物、含氮化合物、含卤化合物等４０８种物质１３７９个不同温度下蒸发焓实验数据进行关联获得满意结果。新模型具有形式简单、所需的纯物质信息少、估算精度高等优点。     

石油重馏分油临界性质预测方法的研究

重馏分油在达到其临界点前已发生热分解，因而不能测得其临界性质（临界温度和临界压力），经研究提出预测重馏分油临界性质的一种方法。选用监界温度高于６９１．８５Ｋ的已知的临界性质的８个纯烃，分别与苯配成不同组成的二元混合物，用半封闭管法测定混合物的监界性质，将此混合物与苯的临界性质和苯在混合物中的含量等数据，经数学处理得到纯烃临界性质的方法计算值的方法。将重馏分油视为虚拟发掺入苯，测定该混合物临界性质，     

真组分法石油馏分描述研究

在分析了假组分法和真组分法石油馏分描述存在问题的基础上,提出了一种改进的真组分法,即根据不同馏程段石油馏分的特性,用若干个包含结构信息的真组分描述石油窄馏分。采用改进的真组分法以及十余种基于假组分法和现有真组分法的物性关联式,对原油的物性和平衡闪蒸过程进行了计算,并与实测值进行了比较。结果表明,改进的真组分法其物性计算精度高于假组分法和现有真组分法,并且可以充分利用和发挥基团贡献法的优越性。     

石油加工物料中硫化物的形态分析

用气相色谱-原子发射光谱联用技术对多套石油加工装置的98个进出口的物料中硫化物的形态分布进行了研究。分别建立了汽油类、柴油类、水样和气体试样的色谱分离条件,以多种方法对物料中的硫化物进行定性;分别以噻吩和H2S为标准试样,用外标法进行了定量。实验结果表明,当硫的质量浓度小于120mg/L时,硫的质量浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数达0.998,汽油试样中5个主要硫化物测定的相对标准偏差均小于4%,噻吩标准试样的测定回收率为96.2%～101.6%,检出限为0.1mg/L。基本掌握了有关进出口物料中硫化物的形态和含量。该方法可用于分析石油加工过程中的各物料中硫的形态和含量。     

应用热压计算纯物质的汽化热

基于热力学热压理论,推导出了纯物质的气化热方程,用此方程计算了３２ 种物质,其中包括某些强极性化合物,例如甲醇、乙醇和乙酸等的气化热数据。计算数据和实验数据间的一致性十分令人满意。表明此新气化热方程非常适合于描述气液相变化的特性。     

用官能团法估算沸点下的蒸发焓

提出了估算沸点下蒸发焓的官能团法及△H_(vb)的估算式,拟合出了官能团贡献值,并与其他方法做了比较。本文方法对385种有机物的计算平均偏差为1.5％,总体偏差小于比较的各种方法。     

原油馏份常压汽液平衡常数K的普遍化关联式

基于原油馏份蒸气压的连续化关联式，利用连续热力学方法推导出了近似的汽液平衡常数Ｋ的普遍化方程。用于大庆、华北和胜利原油常压汽液平衡计算，结果较好。     

近临界区石油馏分焓的求算

在石油加工过程设计中,需求算石油馏分的焓值.在工程计算中,常用石油馏分烩图.对于石油焓值的求法,瓦特森(K.M.Watson)和纳尔森(E.F.Nelson)作了先导工作,提出特性因数K表示石油馏分的化学组成特性,用特性因数K和比重SG来关联石油馏分的热性质.     

满足精馏塔实时仿真需要的石油馏分物性简化关联

针对实时仿真等工作对快速运行的苛刻要求，提出一套用于低压石油馏分物性估算的简化关联方法。对于任意给定的原油均可采用该法，将真实馏分的蒸气压关联成二参数Antoine方程，液相密度关联成温度的线性函数，液体焓和气体焓分别关联成温度的二次和三次函数，P-T闪蒸的焓和汽化分率则分别关联成温度和压力立方根的二次函数。将该法关联的结果存储待用，可以避免在以后物性估算中使用复杂而费时的通用关联式。此外，还给出了油品汽提性质、过热水蒸气焓及压缩因子的简化关联式。     

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE CORRELATION FOR UNDEFINED PETROLEUM FRACTION OF A WIDE BOILING RANGE

A new correlation was developed to predict the effect of temperature on Kinematic Viscosity of petroleum fractions of all boiling ranges including 455^-°C. This correlation covers a wide boiling ranges of petroleum fractions. This correlation has been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 30 to 200°C. The correlation is based on experimental kinematic viscosity data for twenty TBP fractions of Arab heavy, Arab medium and Arab light and Arab extra-light crude oils. The proposed correlation has been found to fit all the experimental data consisting of 248 measurements of the kinematic viscosity with an over all average absolute deviation of 7.2% compared to 9.1% given by Amin (1994) et al. method.     

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE CORRELATION FOR UNDEFINED PETROLEUM FRACTION OF A WIDE BOILING RANGE

A new correlation was developed to predict the effect of temperature on Kinematic Viscosity of petroleum fractions of all boiling ranges including 455^?°C. This correlation covers a wide boiling ranges of petroleum fractions. This correlation has been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 30 to 200°C. The correlation is based on experimental kinematic viscosity data for twenty TBP fractions of Arab heavy, Arab medium and Arab light and Arab extra-light crude oils. The proposed correlation has been found to fit all the experimental data consisting of 248 measurements of the kinematic viscosity with an over all average absolute deviation of 7.2% compared to 9.1% given by Amin (1994) et al. method.     

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR OF HEAVY TBP-FRACTIONS (455°C+) OF ARABIAN CRUDE OILS

A generalized kinematic viscosity-temperature correlation for undefined liquid heavy petroleum fractions has been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 100°C to 200°C. The correlation is based on the experimental kinematic viscosity data of true boiling point fractions of four Arabian crude oils. The characterization property required for estimation is 50% boiling point. The proposed correlation fits the experimental data with an overall absolute error of 6.1%. Experimental measurements of kinematic viscosity of heavy true boiling point fractions of Arabian crude oils were also obtained in order to develop the proposed correlation.     

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR OF HEAVY TBP-FRACTIONS (455°C+) OF ARABIAN CRUDE OILS

ABSTRACT

A generalized kinematic viscosity-temperature correlation for undefined liquid heavy petroleum fractions has been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 100°C to 200°C. The correlation is based on the experimental kinematic viscosity data of true boiling point fractions of four Arabian crude oils. The characterization property required for estimation is 50% boiling point. The proposed correlation fits the experimental data with an overall absolute error of 6.1%. Experimental measurements of kinematic viscosity of heavy true boiling point fractions of Arabian crude oils were also obtained in order to develop the proposed correlation.     

我国6种主要原油及其直馏馏分3种蒸馏曲线的关系

根据我国大庆、华北、胜利、孤岛、中原和克拉玛依６种主要原油及其馏分油３种蒸馏过程实测的６４组平衡闪蒸数据，实沸点蒸馏及馏程试验各２０９组实测数据，提出了适合６种油的３种蒸馏换算式２１个，及相应的６张算图，算式中除３个式子外，其余１８个算式绝对平均偏差均低于ＡＰＩ图表偏差。     

新的石油馏分导热系数普遍化关联式

作者继开发石油馏分导热系数关联式后，利用国内外中平均沸点和相对密度分布范围很宽的各种石油馏分的大量实验数据，对关联式进行了考察。结果表明，关联式准确性高、使用简便、适用范围宽，能计算不同类型的石油馏分的导热系数，可用于工程设计。对其它一些导热系数的计算式也进行了考察，指出在使用《API技术数据手册》不同版本的导热系数计算式时应注意的问题。     

GENERALIZED KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURECORRELATION FOR UNDEFINED PETROLEUM FRACTIONS OF IBP - 95°C TO 455°C+ BOILING RANGES

A generalized kinematic viscosity-temperature correlation for undefined petroleum fractions of all boiling ranges including 455^+°C fractions have been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 30 to 200°C. The correlation is based on experimental kinematic viscosity data for twenty TBP fractions of Arab heavy, Arab medium, Arab light and Arab extra-light crude oils. The proposed correlation has been found to fit all the eperimental data consisting of 248 measurements of the kinematic viscosity with an overall average absolute deviation of 9.07% compared to 15.47% given by ASTM method.