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1.
传统制浆造纸工业是最早利用林基生物质资源并专注于纸浆产品开发的大型工业化平台,其能源消耗大,输出品单一,经济和环境综合效益不高。林业生物质精炼可在现有化学制浆厂成熟的工业化平台上进行产业升级,将更多的木材组分加以利用,转化为附加值更高的化学制品和能量载体,实现林基生物质资源高效的工业化利用。本文综述了国内外林产生物质能源、生物基材料、生物质化学品等方面的研究进展及生物质精炼工厂IFBR的最新发展模式,并做了合理的展望。  相似文献   

2.
综述生物质化学纤维、循环再利用纤维和原液着色纤维3类绿色纤维的研发现状和发展前景。生物质化学纤维包括生物质再生纤维、生物质合成纤维;循环再利用纤维的制备工艺包括物理回收法和化学回收法;原液着色纤维的常见品种包括原液着色再生纤维素纤维、原液着色聚酯纤维、原液着色腈纶纤维等。通过分析各纤维的优势与研究现状,为纺织企业提供更多从原料到生产可持续发展的借鉴。  相似文献   

3.
木素是自然界第三大生物大分子,也是唯一可再生的芳香类生物质原料。但是木素没有明确的结构,很难直接对其进行高效转化和利用。木素通过降解可以转化成酚类化合物等低分子量的高附加值化学生产原料,用作苯酚替代物,可以为后续资源化利用提供更多的可能性。进入21世纪以来,有关木素降解的研究越来越受欢迎。本文综述了近几年来木素降解的研究现状,主要介绍了木素降解的重要方法(热化学法、物理法和生物法)、降解过程中常用的几种催化剂以及产物的分离分析方法,最后还对其目前存在问题与未来发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

4.
基于Pro/E生物质粉碎机虚拟设计与研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
文章基于国内生产的饲料粉碎机的原型,构思了生物质粉碎机的模型,在三维CAD设计软件Pro/E环境下进行三维实体建模。对生物质粉碎机的虚拟样机的设计与研究进行了有创新和建设性的尝试,为利用虚拟样机技术研究农业机械提供了更多有益的参考。  相似文献   

5.
从原料来源、催化机理、研究进展3个方面分析了酸催化水解生物质制备乙酰丙酸的研究现状,介绍了糠醇、以单糖和蔗糖为代表的糖类物质和以淀粉和纤维素为代表的生物质制取乙酰丙酸的方法,分析了糠醇、糖类物质和生物质制取乙酰丙酸的机理,以期为开展乙酰丙酸的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
本文从热水预抽提半纤维素的研究背景与国内外研究现状做出论述,得出了热水预抽提半纤维素具有低能耗和环保性等优点,对于传统制浆造纸行业提升附加值、提高竞争力有实际意义。另外,本文对热水预抽提半纤维素后固相和液相的利用做出了概括。液相:1)水解热水提取物;2)水解物的分离提纯;3)发酵制作糖类乙醇和生物聚合物。固相:1)热水提取后续制浆漂白和造纸;2)利用残余木质生物质生产重组木产品;3)剩余木质生物质进一步分离/水解,制作葡萄糖和芳烃等化合物。希望有更多的热水预抽提半纤维素的基础研究,为生物质精炼与制浆造纸的结合提供更多的理论基础。  相似文献   

7.
在过去的10年间,对生物质废料资源化利用的研究逐渐成为了热点。为实现生物质经济的可持续发展,必须对抽提、回收及合成工业应用的生物质产品进行研究。生物质废料的有效利用,尤其是木质纤维素原料(主要由纤维素、半纤维素以及木质素组成)的大规模应用必须通过创新性研究来实现。文中通过一种生物质精炼工艺路线介绍了木质纤维素生物质加工的最新进展,并进行了深入分析,同时,还在生物质精炼工厂范围内讨论和检验了现有工业生物质加工工艺。  相似文献   

8.
生物质资源制备乙酰丙酸及其分离纯化的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
阐述了利用生物质资源制备乙酰丙酸的两种工艺路线,同时对乙酰丙酸的分离纯化进行了初步探讨。利用生物质资源制备乙酰丙酸有糠醇催化水解法和生物质直接水解法。乙酰丙酸的分离纯化方法主要有树脂法、溶剂萃取法和反应萃取法,其中树脂法和溶剂萃取法存在着生产成本高、环境污染严重等问题,反应萃取法是目前的研究热点。  相似文献   

9.
生物质精炼是有效利用自然界中最丰富且可再生的木质纤维素资源的途径之一,对缓解石油天然气资源日益紧张问题和促进绿色协调可持续发展具有积极重要意义。生物质精炼的方法可分为生物法、物理法、化学法,其中化学法因其速率快、应用广等特点而被广泛研究。化学法中的酸催化法在生物质精炼中占有重要地位。因此,本文将以木质纤维素的酸催化精炼为核心,重点总结和分析了利用固体酸、酸性低共熔溶剂、对甲苯磺酸制备平台化合物、木质素、含木质素的纳米纤维素的研究进展及未来发展趋势。  相似文献   

10.
生物质快速热裂解液化基础研究进展   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
综述了生物质快速热解液化基础研究进展,介绍了生物质热解的基础理论模型,总结了生物质快速热解机理的研究现状,重点从反应条件和物料特性两方面分析了生物质快速热解产物产率的影响因素并对其研究状况进行了总结;较为系统地综述了三种生物质快速热解产物的应用研究进展.最后,从反应器研发、机理研究、影响因素分析及产物利用等四个方面提出了快速热解基础研究的发展方向.  相似文献   

11.
生物精炼在造纸工业中的应用现状和前景   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
谌尧  翟华敏 《中华纸业》2008,29(2):21-23
生物质是人类最丰富的可再生资源,科学合理地开发利用生物质是人类可持续发展的重要途径之一。生物精练可环境友好地将生物质资源转化为高附加值的、多元化的生物质产品和能源。本文概述了生物精炼发展的意义和现状,并重点论述了未来生物精炼制浆造纸厂的模式以及生物精炼在制浆造纸过程中的应用,同时提出了生物精炼在造纸工业应用中所面临的问题和解决建议。  相似文献   

12.
曹邦威 《中国造纸》2011,30(7):57-65
介绍了国外生物质利用的若干技术和商业模式。这些生物质利用技术包括木粒生产技术、生物质气化技术、生物质电能生产技术和生物质燃油生产技术。同时,笔者对我国制浆造纸行业是否开展生物质利用提出了自己的建议。  相似文献   

13.
Processing biomass into multi‐functional components can contribute to the increasing demand for raw materials for feed and bio‐based non‐food products. This contribution aims to demonstrate synergy between the bio‐based industry and the feed industry through biorefinery of currently used feed ingredients. Illustrating the biorefinery concept, rapeseed was selected as a low priced feed ingredient based on market prices versus crude protein, crude fat and apparent ileal digestible lysine content. In addition it is already used as an alternative protein source in diets and can be cultivated in European climate zones. Furthermore, inclusion level of rapeseed meal in pig diet is limited because of its nutritionally active factors. A conceptual process was developed to improve rapeseeds nutritional value and producing other bio‐based building blocks simultaneously. Based on the correlation between market prices of feed ingredients and its protein and fat content, the value of refined products was estimated. Finally, a sensitivity analysis, under two profit scenario, shows that the process is economically feasible. This study demonstrates that using biorefinery processes on feed ingredients can improve feed quality. In conjunction, it produces building blocks for a bio‐based industry and creates synergy between bio‐based and feed industry for more efficient use of biomass. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

14.
生物质精炼技术发展与应用是对传统制浆造纸产业转变发展方式的变革与创新,对造纸行业可持续发展具有战略意义。文章主要介绍了部分制浆造纸生物质精炼技术,包括半纤维素的分离纯化及利用、纤维素的高值化利用、黑液中木质素的分离提纯与利用、黑液气化等。  相似文献   

15.
以纤维素原料生产生物乙醇是最具发展前景的生物质能源生产路线。对纤维素乙醇生产瓶颈技术的纤维素原料预处理技术进行了综述,认为水热预处理工艺不需要额外添加和回收化学溶剂,废水易于生化处理,将是最具工业化前景的预处理技术。阐述了我国相关企业在借鉴半纤维素利用技术,使复杂的纤维素乙醇的预处理过程成为功能性糖或糠醛等产品的生产过程,降低预处理成本,实现原料资源最大化利用等方面进行的有益尝试,以及取得的产业化进展。  相似文献   

16.
BackgroundPlant-derived wastes from agriculture, processing, distribution, and retail are generated in large quantities. The majority of the wastes are underutilized and may cause severe environmental problems if not properly handled. The plant-derived wastes are usually rich in lignocellulose and other valuable compounds including protein, fat, sugar, and phytochemicals. Valorization of these compounds in food waste not only reduces environmental concerns but also improves sustainability and economic competitiveness of agro-food industries.Scope and approachThis review paper first discussed different phases of the biorefinery concepts and their associated applications, and then introduced recent advances in the integrated processing of plant-derived waste for producing various value-added products. Finally, techno-economic, environmental, and social assessments along with relevant policies were introduced and discussed.Key findings and conclusionsDuring the past ten years, research attentions focused on integrated utilization of plant-derived waste to produce various products have flourished. Compared to production of a single component for food waste valorization, integrated processing of food waste via a combination of different novel technologies to produce multiple products based on a biorefinery concept has significant advantages, including full utilization of feedstocks, minimization of waste generation during processing, synergy effects of different technologies, and diversification of the revenues by covering multiple markets. With the rationale design of biorefinery processes, underutilized plant-based wastes can be valuable resources for the sustainable production of food, chemicals, and biofuels. However, detailed economic, environmental, and social analyses for the biorefinery process are still needed in the future.  相似文献   

17.
造纸工业承载了"生物质精炼"发展的希望,造纸工业作为目前的生物质材料的大户,自然担当起了探索生物质精炼未来的任务。然而,黑液作为碱法制浆中重要的组成部分,它的成分中含有很多可利用的生物质能源,如果能将黑液很好地利用与处理,这对于制浆造纸甚至制浆造纸废水处理将是一次飞跃式的进步。本文综述了碱法制浆中黑液与生物质精炼相结合的有关应用与研究,并对未来生物质精炼技术在制浆造纸行业的发展进行了展望。  相似文献   

18.
基于制浆造纸过程中的生物质精炼理念,利用热水预水解预先提取杨木木片中的半纤维素,然后对水解后的木片进行硫酸盐法蒸煮,探讨预水解因子(P因子)对半纤维素提取和后续硫酸盐法制浆的影响。研究结果表明,热水预水解对半纤维素的提取效果显著,且P因子可较好地控制预水解反应过程;预水解处理能提高后续硫酸盐法蒸煮脱木素的效果,降低蒸煮用碱量,但会增大后续浆料打浆难度,同时降低成纸的某些物理性能。综合考虑后续水解液的生物质利用和水解木片的硫酸盐法制浆,当P因子为608~1060时,水解液中的聚戊糖提取率为33.18%~35.31%,相应的预水解KP制浆得率为39.47%~37.12%;与未经热水预水解处理的对照样相比,热水预水解处理后浆料性能和黑液性能均较好。  相似文献   

19.
Recently, increasing interest has been focused on the hydrolysis of carbohydrates to monosaccharides, among which, glucose and xylose as typical platform sugars can be used to produce chemicals and biofuels. As heterogeneous catalysts, solid acids have gained extensive attention for biomass biorefinery and could replace the conventional process owing to their excellent properties, including acceptable acidity and easy separation. In particular, biochar-based solid acids derived from biomass are promising for biomass conversion owing to the low-cost of feedstocks and the simple preparation procedure. Herein, we attempt to provide a critical overview of biochar-based solid acids for hydrolysis of carbohydrates into glucose and xylose. The preparation methods and properties of biochar-based catalysts as well as the influence of their properties on catalytic performance were discussed in detail. We also highlight the major challenges facing the use of biochar-based solid acids for carbohydrate hydrolysis.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

Microalgae produce a variety of compounds that can be used for aquaculture, nutraceutical purposes, and third-generation biofuel sectors. Moreover, they have been considered for the production of fortified food and beverages claiming to be healthier than other foods. Using microalgal oil or incorporating microalgae biomass or their metabolites in food and beverages provides health benefits due to properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immune-enhancing, and to their role against various diseases such as cardiovascular metabolic, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. This review focuses on the worldwide research carried out about the incorporation of microalgae – either biomass or their high-value compounds – in food and beverages, and on the microalgal fortified/based food and beverages currently present worldwide on the market. The metabolites bioavailability aspect and the current legislation are considered. There is an ever-growing interest in this field but the volume of production is still limited. Various challenges, one of which is the cost of producing biomass, need to be overcome for a profitable market. More effort, involving different expertise, is needed to improve the microalgal production system, from cultivation to harvesting and biorefinery, to produce improved novel products.  相似文献   

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