罗非鱼骨制备活性钙的技术研究

罗非鱼骨中钙、镁等营养物质丰富，是一种很好的钙源。研究罗非鱼骨的煅烧条件及罗非鱼骨制备活性钙的工艺优化。结果表明：罗非鱼片加工废弃物中鱼骨的脂肪含量为5．83％，钙26．5％；罗非鱼骨煅烧最佳条件是950℃，煅烧120min；在罗非鱼骨制备液体钙的工艺优化中，乳酸提取钙效果最好，其最优条件为固液比1：20，温度80℃，16％乳酸，反应2h．此时，钙提取率为81％。     

罗非鱼鱼鳞柠檬酸-苹果酸钙的制备及产物鉴定

以罗非鱼鱼鳞为原料,采用超声辅助复合有机酸制备柠檬酸-苹果酸钙(calcium citrate malate,CCM),研究鱼鳞预处理方法、超声辅助酸制备工艺条件,并对产物进行表征。结果显示,鱼鳞无需熬煮,直接采用超声辅助提取效果理想;在液料比为20∶1(mL/g)条件下,正交试验优化得到复合钙最佳制备工艺条件为:柠檬酸和苹果酸总质量分数12%、二者质量比2∶1、超声温度70℃、超声时间1.0 h;在此条件下,得钙率为18.97%;红外光谱及X射线衍射分析均显示制备产物不是柠檬酸钙与苹果酸钙的简单混合物,而与CCM结构吻合;扫描电镜观察到产物结晶呈六方形;晶体比表面积介孔测定知罗非鱼鱼鳞复合钙产物孔径为4.049 nm,单点吸附总孔体积为0.320 cm3/g,T-图法微孔(外)比表面积为385.703 m2/g。本方法成功制备了罗非鱼鱼鳞CCM复合盐,得钙率较高,研究结果可为罗非鱼鱼鳞加工有机钙产品提供一定理论支持。     

果酸钙合成条件的研究

用正交实验确定了合成果酸钙的投料摩尔比为碳酸钙：柠檬酸：苹果酸=8：2：5。反应温度为50℃，投料顺序为将碳酸钙粉加入到柠檬酸与苹果酸的混合溶液中，加水量为反应原料质量总和的2倍，用该方法合成的果酸钙，钙含量适中，溶解度较高。     

果酸钙合成条件的研究

用正交实验确定了合成果酸钙的投料摩尔比为碳酸钙：柠檬酸：苹果酸=8：2：5,反应温度为50℃,投料顺序为将碳酸钙粉加入到柠檬酸与苹果酸的混合溶液中,加水量为反应原料质量总和的2倍,用该方法合成的果酸钙,钙含量适中,溶解度较高。     

罗非鱼胶原肽制备中钙回收工艺的研究

对比柠檬酸和乳酸对罗非鱼骨与鱼鳞中钙的溶解能力,选择乳酸作为罗非鱼骨、鳞胶原肽制备过程中脱钙的酸化剂.当采用20%乳酸,料液比1:9、35℃下酸解骨鳞原料10h时,骨磷钙的溶出率为88.12%.乳酸钙上清液在0.1MPa下真空浓缩,浓缩比达到6.2:1-6.7:1时,将浓缩液循序降温至5℃并保持3h,使乳酸钙结晶析出.经回液分离、精制、干燥后,得到纯度为98.3%的乳酸钙晶体.     

鱼骨粉粒径对鱼骨粉-鱼蛋白酶解物混合物中钙生物利用率的影响

以采肉剩余的鲢鱼中骨酶解制得的蛋白肽和鱼骨粉为原料制备鱼骨粉-鱼蛋白酶解物混合物，以Wistar雄性大鼠为动物实验模型，用钙表观吸收率、钙存留率、股骨生物力学指标和骨密度等指标检测鱼骨粉粒径对鱼骨粉-鱼蛋白酶解物混合物中钙生物利用率的影响。结果表明：在相同钙摄入量下饲喂不同粒径鱼骨粉-鱼蛋白酶解物混合物的大鼠其体质量、肝体比、脾体比、肾体比无明显差异（P＞0.05），但其钙表观吸收率、钙存留率、大鼠股骨生物力学性质、骨密度等指标有显著差异（P＜0.05）。添加小粒径鱼骨粉（d≤74 μm）的鱼骨粉-鱼蛋白酶解物混合物各项评价指标均显著高于其他实验组和碳酸钙对照组及低钙对照组，其钙表观吸收率为（47.84±3.90）%，钙存留率为（44.94±3.01）%，骨钙含量为（24.18±0.01）%，能量吸收为（7.52±0.48）kg·mm，其钙生物利用率最高。     

利用酶法促使骨粉中钙转化的研究

利用中性蛋白酶,胰酶和碱性蛋白酶作用于骨粉,胰酶可获得最大钙转化率。研究表明,骨粉中钙溶出率为２．５６％,骨钙转化率为１６．０％,并且确定胰酶最佳用量为骨粉：胰酶（ｗ／ｗ）＝１０００：１－２０００：１,最佳酶解时间为９－１０ｈ。     

柠檬酸-苹果酸钙(CCM) 咀嚼片的研制

以柠檬酸-苹果酸复合钙(CCM)、蔗糖、甘露醇、柠檬酸等为原料,研究了高吸收的补钙制剂——柠檬酸-苹果酸复合钙(CCM)咀嚼片的配方及制备工艺,通过正交实验确定了CCM咀嚼片的最佳配方及最佳工艺条件,得到口感、质地、风味俱佳的产品。     

罗非鱼骨粉可溶性钙提取工艺的探索

罗非鱼骨经过脱脂、粉碎、酶解和干燥制成脱脂骨粉。在酶底比为3‰,PH值为4.0,酶解时间为10h是获得高骨钙转化率的最佳工艺。     

果酸钙的研制及应用

根据正交实验研究了投料摩尔比、投料顺序、加水量及反应温度对制备果酸钙溶解度的影响,确定其最佳合成工艺为:碳酸钙、柠檬酸、苹果酸的投料摩尔比为8∶2∶5,反应温度为50℃,投料顺序为将碳酸钙粉加入到柠檬酸和苹果酸的混合溶液中,加水量为反应原料质量总和的5倍。用该方法合成的果酸钙钙含量适中,溶解度较高,在100mL水中的溶解度达940mg。另外,对果酸钙部分应用也作了简单的介绍。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific