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1.
木瓜的营养保健功能及其产品的开发研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
介绍了木瓜的营养价值与保健功能,对木瓜果酒、木瓜保健果醋、低糖木瓜果脯、木瓜果酱、低糖木瓜罐头、木瓜果肉饮料、木瓜保健软糖等产品的开发研究进行了概述。  相似文献   

2.
<正>木瓜酒作为一种果酒,是营养丰富的酒,在实际生产销售过程中,只有确保酒体澄清透明,不仅可以保持木瓜酒外观品质,也可以,长期保持木瓜酒的稳定性。以下本篇研究木瓜酒生产包装后混浊的问题,并为此找出解决措施。据悉,木瓜酒包装后3个月,往往容易出现混浊的现象,这不仅严重影响木瓜酒的品质,也影响木瓜酒的销售市场。该项目主要研究木瓜酒后混浊产生的原因及解决办法。科学合理解决木瓜酒的沉淀问题,最大限度的保留其营养成分,使木瓜酒具有良  相似文献   

3.
木瓜保健果醋的工艺研究   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
王蕊  高翔 《中国酿造》2004,(8):35-37
木瓜营养丰富,且具有良好的保健功能,以木瓜为原料,采用液态发酵法,经过酒精发酵和醋酸发酵,研制出风味独特、营养保健的木瓜醋,对开发木瓜保健调味品具有重要意义。该文对木瓜果汁浸提、酒精发酵、醋酸发酵等主要工艺进行了研究。  相似文献   

4.
木瓜入菜香     
王展 《烹调知识》2009,(11):15-16
木瓜茶在台湾很流行。泡木瓜茶以选用圆形未熟的雌性果为佳,把一头切平做壶底,把另一头切开,掏除种子后直接放入茶叶,再把切去的顶端当成盖子盖上,过几分钟就可品尝到苦中带甜,充满木瓜清香的木瓜茶了。木瓜入菜做法更多。木瓜中含有特殊的木瓜酵素,对肉类有很强的软化作用,因此将肉类与木瓜同炖,  相似文献   

5.
研究了用木瓜浆和果胶酶制备木瓜椰油并分析其副产物化学成分的变化。研究表明,制备木瓜椰油的最佳工艺为:椰奶经冷冻-解冻处理,反应体系中椰奶水分质量分数为65%,木瓜浆用量为40%(以椰奶质量计),果胶酶用量为1.0%(以木瓜浆质量计),不调节反应体系的pH,反应温度为45℃,反应时间为4 h。制备木瓜椰油后的副产物乳清营养丰富。  相似文献   

6.
以光皮木瓜为原料,发酵木瓜干酒,再通过液态深层发酵酿制木瓜醋,确定了木瓜干酒和木瓜醋的发酵工艺,并对木瓜酒和醋主要有机酸进行分析。光皮木瓜经榨汁、调整糖度后进入发酵工序,酒精发酵采用带皮渣半固态发酵方式,条件为加水比例1.5∶1(m/m)、初始糖度18%、果酒干酵母接种量0.1%、在24℃条件下发酵64 h,木瓜酒酒度(乙醇体积分数)为9.45%。醋酸发酵采用半连续式液态深层发酵法,调整初始酒度7%,醋酸菌接种量10%,在34℃条件下醋酸发酵80 h,木瓜醋总酸度为4.52%;分割留种发酵仅需24 h即可完成醋酸发酵。采用反相高效液相色谱法从木瓜干酒和木瓜醋中检出10种有机酸,分别是草酸、酒石酸、甲酸、苹果酸、α-酮戊二酸、乳酸、醋酸、柠檬酸、富马酸和琥珀酸。实验确定的发酵工艺以及有机酸的分析与鉴定可为木瓜干酒及木瓜醋产品的开发提供理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
凉菜的星味     
木瓜冻烤鸭 把木瓜加少许精盐、糖粉打成木瓜汁,然后把烤鸭片成片,再贴上木瓜块和炸好的土豆片,配冰镇过的木瓜汁蘸食。  相似文献   

8.
目的:对皱皮木瓜片的真空冷冻条件进行优化,研究木瓜片复水过程中水分状态变化。方法:采用单因素试验结合Box-Behnken响应面法,分别以复水比和色差值为指标,考察木瓜片厚度,真空冷冻干燥机的隔板温度以及真空度3个因素对冻干工艺的影响,优化皱皮木瓜片冻干工艺;利用低场核磁共振技术比较真空冷冻干燥和热风干燥的木瓜片成品复水过程中水分状态的变化情况。结果:确定皱皮木瓜真空冷冻干燥的复水比最佳工艺条件:木瓜片厚度4 mm,隔板温度40℃,真空度2.4 mbar;色差值最优的组合为:木瓜片厚度7.45 mm,隔板温度28.37℃,真空度2.02 mbar。NMR试验表明,复水过程中进入木瓜片中的水很快转化为不易流动水,结合水和自由水变化不大,且真空冷冻干燥的木瓜片中不易流动水增加较快,说明冻干比热风干燥的木瓜片品质好。结论:本研究结果为优化的皱皮木瓜真空冷冻干燥工艺参数,低场核磁共振技术可用于表征皱皮木瓜复水过程中水分状态的变化。  相似文献   

9.
酸木瓜浓缩提取物的制备及其在卷烟加料中的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
用乙醇按物料比(14)的比例浸提酸木瓜3次,每次2h,得到的粗提浸膏经精制得到酸木瓜浓缩提取物.对酸木瓜浓缩提取物在卷烟加料中的应用效果作了试验,结果表明,酸木瓜浓缩提取物具有明显增补烟香、丰满烟气的作用.  相似文献   

10.
不同种类木瓜样品的总有机酸含量测定   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
建立木瓜中总有机酸含量的测定方法,并测定和比较皱皮木瓜和光皮木瓜共5个不同样品中的总有机酸含量.结果显示:24h内同一样品的测定结果稳定,RSD为1.28%,平均回收率为99.59%(n=6),RSD为1.548%;5个不同木瓜样品的总有机酸含量(以苹果酸酸计)在2.09%~3.47%之间.其中以皱皮木瓜1号的总有机酸含量最高(3.47%),皱皮木瓜4号最低(2.09%).  相似文献   

11.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

12.
This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.  相似文献   

13.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

14.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

15.
This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.  相似文献   

16.
Bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is used as an additive or starting agent in coatings for cans. The presence of hydrochloric acid in the organosol (PVC-based) lacquers results in formation of chlorohydroxy compounds of BADGE. These compounds, as well as BADGE itself, are potential migrants into the preserved food and are of toxicological concern. In the present investigation the presence of BADGE and the chlorohydroxy compounds (BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl) in various kinds of canned foods from 30 brands have been determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. BADGE was found in levels up to 5.1mg/kg in the food and only in food from cans containing BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl in the lacquers. BADGE was found both in fish in oil and in fish in tomato sauce, however, the highest amounts were found in the fatty foodstuffs. BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl were found in concentrations up to 2.4mg/kg and 8.3mg/kg, respectively. Unlike BADGE, BADGE.2HCl was found in similar concentrations in fish in oil and in fish in tomato sauce. In aqueous and acidic foodstuffs BADGE readily hydrolyses into mono- and dihydrolysed products (BADGE.H2O and BADGE.2H2O). In this study BADGE.H2O was not found in any food sample, whereas BADGE.2H2O was found in levels up to 2.6mg/kg. The Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) of the European Commission has proposed that a limit of restriction of 1mg/kg food shall include BADGE itself and BADGE.H2O, BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl and BADGE.HCL.H2O. The present results indicate that the migration of BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl, compounds with almost no data on toxicity, implies a greater problem than BADGE.H2O and BADGE.2H2O.  相似文献   

17.
Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment and in food processing plants. Consequently, foods are frequently contaminated. However, the occurrence rate of listeriosis is only about five cases per million people per year. Listeriosis primarily strikes immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women and the elderly with a fatality rate of 20-25%. The FDA is in the process of finishing a risk assessment that is being conducted as an initial step in reviewing its approach to maximizing the public protection from foodborne L. monocytogenes . The risk assessment evaluated the presence and quantitative levels of L. monocytogenes in 21 groups of ready-to-eat foods. The potential growth of L. monocytogenes between retail point-of-sale, where contamination data originated, and consumption was modelled. The frequency and amount of consumption of these foods completed the data for the exposure assessment. For the hazard characterization or dose response part of the risk assessment, data from animal studies, virulence assays and epidemiological investigations were used to estimate the likelihood of illness for different human groups from consuming different numbers of L. monocytogenes . This risk assessment is a virtual review of current scientific knowledge. Quantitative modelling provides greater insight than a qualitative review and also indicates the uncertainty about our knowledge. The risk assessment does not attempt to define an acceptable or tolerable level of L. monocytogenes consumption or propose changes in regulations. These decisions are the responsibility of risk managers who consider additional factors such as food preferences, technical feasibility and societal values when evaluating regulatory policies.  相似文献   

18.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

19.
The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.  相似文献   

20.
Cassia obovata Coll. est un séné utilisé en cosmétique sous l'appellation, regrettable, de ' henné neutre'.
L'étude par chromatographie sur couche mince d'extraits de cheveux préalablement traités par C. obovata montre que plusieurs composés, dont les sennosides A et B, se fixent sur le cheveu.
C. obovata n'est pas réellement 'neutre': les cheveux decolorés et dans une moindre mesure les cheveux clairs (et blancs) deviennent chêtains clairs ou bruns, selon le temps de traitement.
Par gravimétrie dynamique nous avons pu déterminer la manière dont les cheveux absorbent les composés de C. obovata : cette absorption se fait selon un processus de diffusion. La diffusion est plus rapide et plus grande dans les cheveux décolorés que dans les cheveux natifs, elle est même nulle dans le cheveu noir.
Le cheveu traité par C. obovata est moins hydrophile, le cheveu decoloré absorbe 25% de moins d'eau.
Les microphotographies montrent que les cheveux ne semblent pas endommagés par le traitement par C. obovata , mais les 'écailles' sont un peu soulevées, ce résultat est en accord avec l'aspect 'crépé' des cheveux.
A cosmetic senna , Cassia obovata : 'neutral henna'  相似文献   

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