高光谱成像在食品质量评估方面的研究进展与应用(一)

近年来频发的国内食品质量与安全问题受到全社会的高度重视。因此,需要采用现代化检测技术快速、准确获取食品品质和安全信息。高光谱成像技术是一项将光谱与成像科学相结合的光学分析技术。通过同时获取食品的光谱和空间图像信息,高光谱成像技术能够快速、无损获取食品的品质信息及其空间分布,从而实现食品内外部品质信息的全方位检测,因此在食品安全检测应用领域具有巨大潜力。本文介绍了高光谱成像技术的基本原理,并综述了其在肉类品质检验方面的研究进展。     

Application of hyperspectral imaging in food safety inspection and control: a review

Food safety is a great public concern, and outbreaks of food-borne illnesses can lead to disturbance to the society. Consequently, fast and nondestructive methods are required for sensing the safety situation of produce. As an emerging technology, hyperspectral imaging has been successfully employed in food safety inspection and control. After presenting the fundamentals of hyperspectral imaging, this paper provides a comprehensive review on its application in determination of physical, chemical, and biological contamination on food products. Additionally, other studies, including detecting meat and meat bone in feedstuffs as well as organic residue on food processing equipment, are also reported due to their close relationship with food safety control. With these applications, it can be demonstrated that miscellaneous hyperspectral imaging techniques including near-infrared hyperspectral imaging, fluorescence hyperspectral imaging, and Raman hyperspectral imaging or their combinations are powerful tools for food safety surveillance. Moreover, it is envisaged that hyperspectral imaging can be considered as an alternative technique for conventional methods in realizing inspection automation, leading to the elimination of the occurrence of food safety problems at the utmost.     

Recent Progress of Hyperspectral Imaging on Quality and Safety Inspection of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review

Objective quality assessment and efficacious safety surveillance for agricultural and food products are inseparable from innovative techniques. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), a rapid, nondestructive, and chemical‐free method, is now emerging as a powerful analytical tool for product inspection by simultaneously offering spatial information and spectral signals from one object. This paper focuses on recent advances and applications of HSI in detecting, classifying, and visualizing quality and safety attributes of fruits and vegetables. First, the basic principles and major instrumental components of HSI are presented. Commonly used methods for image processing, spectral pretreatment, and modeling are summarized. More importantly, morphological calibrations that are essential for nonflat objects as well as feature wavebands extraction for model simplification are provided. Second, in spite of the physical and visual attributes (size, shape, weight, color, and surface defects), applications from the last decade are reviewed specifically categorized into textural characteristics inspection, biochemical components detection, and safety features assessment. Finally, technical challenges and future trends of HSI are discussed.     

Applications of Hyperspectral Imaging in Chicken Meat Safety and Quality Detection and Evaluation: A Review

Currently, the issue of food safety and quality is a great public concern. In order to satisfy the demands of consumers and obtain superior food qualities, non-destructive and fast methods are required for quality evaluation. As one of these methods, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique has emerged as a smart and promising analytical tool for quality evaluation purposes and has attracted much interest in non-destructive analysis of different food products. With the main advantage of combining both spectroscopy technique and imaging technique, HSI technique shows a convinced attitude to detect and evaluate chicken meat quality objectively. Moreover, developing a quality evaluation system based on HSI technology would bring economic benefits to the chicken meat industry. Therefore, in recent years, many studies have been conducted on using HSI technology for the safety and quality detection and evaluation of chicken meat. The aim of this review is thus to give a detailed overview about HSI and focus on the recently developed methods exerted in HSI technology developed for microbiological spoilage detection and quality classification of chicken meat. Moreover, the usefulness of HSI technique for detecting fecal contamination and bone fragments of chicken carcasses are presented. Finally, some viewpoints on its future research and applicability in the modern poultry industry are proposed.     

Spectral Detection Techniques for Non-Destructively Monitoring the Quality,Safety, and Classification of Fresh Red Meat

Red meat is an important source of nutrients and plays a significant role in human diet. With the development of people’s living standard and relative change of dietary structure in recent years, people propose more requirements for meat. Quality, safety, and classification are three crucial themes related with meat and they are important issues for consumers, retailers, as well as the whole meat industry. However, most of the traditional analytical methods for meat evaluation are time-consuming, laborious, tedious, and destructive, which make them inappropriate for fast analysis and early detection, especially under fast-paced production and processing environment. In contrast to conventional approaches, spectral techniques including near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), hyperspectral imaging (HSI), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) have emerged and considered as promising tools for meat assessment. The innovative optical sensing techniques can facilitate simple, fast, accurate, and simultaneous measurements of multiple meat attributes. Recently, these techniques have achieved rapid development and attracted more attention of the public. Hence, the goal of this article is to give an overview of the current progress of the spectral techniques for evaluation of fresh red meat (pork, beef, and lamb). The spectral techniques are described in terms of their basic working principle, fundamental configurations, analysis process, as well as applications on meat inspection. In addition, the problems to be tackled and future potential trends of these spectral methods are also discussed in this paper.     

Emerging nondestructive approaches for meat quality and safety evaluation—A review

Meat is one of the most consumed agro-products because it contains proteins, minerals, and essential vitamins, all of which play critical roles in the human diet and health. Meat is a perishable food product because of its high moisture content, and as such there are concerns about its quality, stability, and safety. There are two widely used methods for monitoring meat quality attributes: subjective sensory evaluation and chemical/instrumentation tests. However, these methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and destructive. To overcome the shortfalls of these conventional approaches, several researchers have developed fast and nondestructive techniques. Recently, electronic nose (e-nose), computer vision (CV), spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging (HSI), and multispectral imaging (MSI) technologies have been explored as nondestructive methods in meat quality and safety evaluation. However, most of the studies on the application of these novel technologies are still in the preliminary stages and are carried out in isolation, often without comprehensive information on the most suitable approach. This lack of cohesive information on the strength and shortcomings of each technique could impact their application and commercialization for the detection of important meat attributes such as pH, marbling, or microbial spoilage. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of recent nondestructive technologies (e-nose, CV, spectroscopy, HSI, and MSI), as well as their applications and limitations in the detection and evaluation of meat quality and safety issues, such as contamination, adulteration, and quality classification. A discussion is also included on the challenges and future outlooks of the respective technologies and their various applications.     

Emerging Spectroscopic and Spectral Imaging Techniques for the Rapid Detection of Microorganisms: An Overview

Microorganism contamination and foodborne disease outbreaks are of public concern worldwide. As such, the food industry requires rapid and nondestructive methods to detect microorganisms and to control food quality. However, conventional methods such as culture and colony counting, polymerase chain reaction, and immunoassay approaches are laborious, time‐consuming and require trained personnel. Therefore, the emergence of rapid analytical methods is essential. This review introduces 6 spectroscopic and spectral imaging techniques that apply infrared spectroscopy, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy, laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and multispectral imaging for microorganism detection. Recent advances of these technologies from 2011 to 2017 are outlined. Challenges in the application of these technologies for microorganism detection in food matrices are addressed. These emerging spectroscopic and spectral imaging techniques have the potential to provide rapid and nondestructive detection of microorganisms. They should also provide complementary information to enhance the performance of conventional methods to prevent disease outbreaks and food safety problems.     

光谱技术在生鲜肉品质安全快速检测的研究进展

光谱技术作为无损快速检测技术在肉品行业中得到广泛应用.该技术能实现生鲜肉快速、在线、准确、无损检测,是各类生鲜肉品质安全分析的重要技术之一.文章综述了近红外光谱、拉曼光谱、高光谱成像技术、荧光光谱等光谱技术在生鲜肉品质检测和安全评定上的重要应用和研究进展.主要包括水分、蛋白质及脂肪等影响肉类营养品质的组成成分分析,肉品食用品质如嫩度、大理石花纹、肉色及新鲜度等指标的评价,肉品加工品质如保水性并由此实行肉类分级的检测以及生鲜肉在微生物污染等安全品质的评定.同时分析各种光谱技术的现状提出存在的问题,并针对目前发展趋势展望了该技术的前景:光谱技术通过与机器视觉技术等新型无损检测技术的有机融合,将实现在线检测评价生鲜肉品质安全的目标.     

Advanced applications of chemo-responsive dyes based odor imaging technology for fast sensing food quality and safety: A review

Public attention to foodquality and safety has been increased significantly. Therefore, appropriate analytical tools are needed to analyze and sense the food quality and safety. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important indicators for the quality and safety of food products. Odor imaging technology based on chemo-responsive dyes is one of the most promising methods for analysis of food products. This article reviews the sensing and imaging fundamentals of odor imaging technology based on chemo-responsive dyes. The aim is to give detailed outlines about the theory and principles of using odor imaging technology for VOCs detection, and to focus primarily on its applications in the field of quality and safety evaluation of food products, as well as its future applicability in modern food industries and research. The literatures presented in this review clearly demonstrated that imaging technology based on chemo-responsive dyes has the exciting effect to inspect such as quality assessment of cereal , wine and vinegar flavored foods , poultry meat, aquatic products, fruits and vegetables, and tea. It has the potential for the rapid, reliable, and inline assessment of food safety and quality by providing odor-image-basedmonitoring tool. Practical Application : The literatures presented in this review clearly demonstrated that imaging technology based on chemo-responsive dyes has the exciting effect to inspect such as quality assessment of cereal , wine and vinegar flavored foods, poultry meat, aquatic products, fruits and vegetables, and tea.     

A Comprehensive Review on Food Applications of Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging

Food product safety is a public health concern. Most of the food safety analytical and detection methods are expensive, labor intensive, and time consuming. A safe, rapid, reliable, and nondestructive detection method is needed to assure consumers that food products are safe to consume. Terahertz (THz) radiation, which has properties of both microwave and infrared, can penetrate and interact with many commonly used materials. Owing to the technological developments in sources and detectors, THz spectroscopic imaging has transitioned from a laboratory‐scale technique into a versatile imaging tool with many practical applications. In recent years, THz imaging has been shown to have great potential as an emerging nondestructive tool for food inspection. THz spectroscopy provides qualitative and quantitative information about food samples. The main applications of THz in food industries include detection of moisture, foreign bodies, inspection, and quality control. Other applications of THz technology in the food industry include detection of harmful compounds, antibiotics, and microorganisms. THz spectroscopy is a great tool for characterization of carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, and vitamins. Despite its potential applications, THz technology has some limitations, such as limited penetration, scattering effect, limited sensitivity, and low limit of detection. THz technology is still expensive, and there is no available THz database library for food compounds. The scanning speed needs to be improved in the future generations of THz systems. Although many technological aspects need to be improved, THz technology has already been established in the food industry as a powerful tool with great detection and quantification ability. This paper reviews various applications of THz spectroscopy and imaging in the food industry.     

Advances in Nondestructive Methods for Meat Quality and Safety Monitoring

ABSTRACT

Meat is highly perishable and poses health threats when its quality and safety is unmonitored. Chemical methods of quality and safety determination are expensive, time-consuming and lack real-time monitoring applicability. Nondestructive techniques have been reported as antidotes to these constraints. This paper assessed the potential of nondestructive techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, multispectral imaging, e-nose, and their data fusion, all combined with algorithms for quality monitoring of pork, beef, and chicken, the most consumed meat sources in the world. These techniques combined with data processing applications may offer a panacea for real-time industrial meat quality and safety monitoring.     

食品检验对肉制品安全重要性分析

食品检验是发现和改善肉制品安全问题的重要保证。本文分析了肉制品检验中存在的问题,简述了几种常用的肉制品检验方法,以及目前在肉制品检验中应用的新技术,同时提出了检验中可改进的地方,展望了我国的肉制品检验技术前景。通过分析食品检验的重要性能够更好的保障我国肉制品的安全,促使肉制品行业朝着健康可持续的方向发展,使百姓吃到放心肉制品。     

Recent Applications of Spectroscopic and Hyperspectral Imaging Techniques with Chemometric Analysis for Rapid Inspection of Microbial Spoilage in Muscle Foods

Muscle food is one of the most perishable food products because of its vulnerability to microbial spoilage, which can result in critical food safety problems. Traditional techniques for detection and evaluation of microbial spoilage in muscle foods are tedious, laborious, destructive, and time‐consuming. In recent years, spectroscopic and imaging technologies have shown great potentials for the assessment of food quality and safety due to their nondestructive, noninvasive, cost‐effective, and rapid responsive nature. This review focuses on the applications of several valuable spectroscopic techniques including visible and near‐infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and hyperspectral imaging for the rapid and nondestructive detection of microbial spoilage in common muscle foods such as meat, poultry, fish, and related products. Combined with chemometric analysis, such as spectral preprocessing and modeling methods, these potential technologies have been successfully developed for the determination of total viable count, aerobic plate count, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, and lactic acid bacteria loads in muscle foods. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are discussed and some perspectives about future trends are also presented.     

生鲜肉品质安全无损伤检测技术研究进展

生鲜肉品质安全无损检测技术是肉品品质检测的关键技术,日益受到肉制品生产加工企业的重视。本文介绍了国内外肉品无损检测技术的研究情况,包括用于肉品外部品质检测的机器视觉和图像处理技术、用于肉品内外部多品质同时检测的光谱技术、用于胴体检测分级的超声波技术和X射线技术等。研究表明,以上技术可以对胴体和肉品的品质参数进行快速无损检测,但这些研究大部分停留在实验系统的开发阶段,没有大规模用于工业生产。文中指出,为满足工业生产无损检测的要求,需要将多种检测技术、检测手段进行融合和集成,利用多种信息对肉品品质安全进行无损检测,开发出用于工业生产的在线无损检测系统。     

Meat quality evaluation by hyperspectral imaging technique: an overview

During the last two decades, a number of methods have been developed to objectively measure meat quality attributes. Hyperspectral imaging technique as one of these methods has been regarded as a smart and promising analytical tool for analyses conducted in research and industries. Recently there has been a renewed interest in using hyperspectral imaging in quality evaluation of different food products. The main inducement for developing the hyperspectral imaging system is to integrate both spectroscopy and imaging techniques in one system to make direct identification of different components and their spatial distribution in the tested product. By combining spatial and spectral details together, hyperspectral imaging has proved to be a promising technology for objective meat quality evaluation. The literature presented in this paper clearly reveals that hyperspectral imaging approaches have a huge potential for gaining rapid information about the chemical structure and related physical properties of all types of meat. In addition to its ability for effectively quantifying and characterizing quality attributes of some important visual features of meat such as color, quality grade, marbling, maturity, and texture, it is able to measure multiple chemical constituents simultaneously without monotonous sample preparation. Although this technology has not yet been sufficiently exploited in meat process and quality assessment, its potential is promising. Developing a quality evaluation system based on hyperspectral imaging technology to assess the meat quality parameters and to ensure its authentication would bring economical benefits to the meat industry by increasing consumer confidence in the quality of the meat products. This paper provides a detailed overview of the recently developed approaches and latest research efforts exerted in hyperspectral imaging technology developed for evaluating the quality of different meat products and the possibility of its widespread deployment.     

肉品质量无损检测技术研究进展

肉类和肉类食品品质与安全检测一直是肉类行业中关注的热点。本文综述了超声波、电磁特性、电子鼻与电子舌、计算机视觉、光谱分析等几种当前主要无损检测技术在肉品质量评价中的研究进展。其中,重点介绍了光谱分析中具有图谱合一、可同时获取样品内外部品质信息特性的高光谱成像技术及其在国内外肉品品质检测中的应用现状,提出了该技术在肉类品质检测研究方向的几点思考,并展望了无损检测技术在肉品品质检测中的研究前景,以期为后续研究提供参考。     

A Review of Hyperspectral Imaging for Chicken Meat Safety and Quality Evaluation: Application,Hardware, and Software

Food quality and safety issues have received widespread attention around the world. Traditional analytical methods are cumbersome, time consuming, and disruptive. Consumers and businesses are in desperate need of a fast, nondestructive test to evaluate the safety and quality of food. Chicken is an important food source for the human diet and has a high consumption rate. Its quality and safety issues are especially important. The hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique combines the main characteristics of the spectroscopy technique and the imaging technique to achieve fast, nondestructive testing and demonstrates great potential for evaluating the food safety and quality of chicken. For the past few years, there have been many studies on the HSI technique for the detection and evaluation of chicken meat safety and quality. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a detailed overview of the HSI technique for microbiological safety detection and quality attribute assessments of chicken meat. In addition, the hardware and software used in the HSI systems are also summarized and compared. Finally, some opinions on the focus of future research and its applications in the modern poultry industry are presented.     

Recent Advances in De‐Noising Methods and Their Applications in Hyperspectral Image Processing for the Food Industry

There is great interest in developing hyperspectral imaging (HSI) techniques for rapid and nondestructive inspection of food quality, safety, and authenticity. In recent years, image quality has been constantly improved through advances in instrumentation, particularly in more powerful detectors. Nevertheless, pretreatment of data by de‐noising is a necessary step to insure clean HSI datasets for further analysis. This review first introduces the typical and commonly used de‐noising methods in HSI that correct for undesirable variations and remove noisy variables. Their advantages, disadvantages, and implementation are also discussed by giving examples of recent applications in the food industry. Finally, some advice is given for selecting the de‐noising methods that are best suited for a particular application. This review offers an overview of the most frequently applied methods and the latest progress made in HSI de‐noising in food applications. It provides systematic insight into future trends for generating high‐accuracy predictions regarding food safety and quality.     

Applications of miniaturized and portable near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for inspection and control of meat and meat products

In this review, the principles and usage of NIRS are described, emphasizing the importance of portable NIRS as a rapid analysis system in the meat industry. The miniaturized and portable NIRS instruments offer a great potential for on-site monitoring quality control not only in the meat sector but also all other food and agro-industries. The mobility of these devices, enabling in situ, robust, on-site, and product-to-product on-line inspection and control, are their major advantages. The emergence of miniature and portable NIRS systems allows establishment of rapid protocols, which might increase rigorous quality control, implying that food quality can be routinely monitored along the entire logistic chain. For meat-value chain, the possibility to implement portable NIRS systems at any point along the logistic chain could dramatically reduce the number of serious scandals related to meat quality and safety. Conversely, results obtained with these instruments are unrealistic in some applications, stressing the need for more applications with diversity in sample presentation and measurement techniques. This will lead to improvements in their performance and help to establish more robust models. In the near future, these devices might stand as promising alternatives to large, expensive, and benchtop types in food analysis, inspection, and control.     

Influence of physical and biological variability and solution methods in fruit and vegetable quality nondestructive inspection by using imaging and near-infrared spectroscopy techniques: A review

Over the past decades, imaging and spectroscopy techniques have been rapidly developing and widely applied in nondestructive fruit and vegetable quality assessment. The physical properties (including size, shape, color, position, and temperature) and biological properties (including cultivar, season, maturity level and geographical origin) of fruits and vegetables vary from one to another. A great variety of physical and biological properties of agricultural products influence the optical propagation properties and interaction behaviors with incident light, thus decreasing the quality inspection accuracy. Many attempts have been made in image correction and spectral compensation methods to improve the inspection accuracy. This paper gives a detailed summary about influence of physical and biological variability, as well as the correction and compensation methods for eliminating or reducing the effects in fruit and vegetable quality nondestructive inspection by using imaging and spectroscopy techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of the solution methods are discussed and summarized. Additionally, the future challenges and potential trends are also reported.