酶解虾壳蛋白制备ACE 抑制剂的工艺优化

以虾壳粉为原料,以水解度和ACE抑制率为指标,利用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,其中中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶有较高的ACE抑制活性,因此对碱性蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的工艺条件进一步优化。结果表明：碱性蛋白酶酶解工艺优化条件为：温度60℃、pH9.5、底物质量浓度2.5g/100mL、加酶量4000U/g、酶解时间2.5h,在此条件下ACE抑制率最高,为67.70%,水解度为69.79%;中性蛋白酶酶解工艺优化条件为：温度50℃、pH7.0、底物质量浓度2.5g/100mL、加酶量2000U/g、酶解时间2h,在此条件下ACE抑制率最高,为84.04%,水解度为26.76%。提示中性蛋白酶酶解能够产生更多的ACE抑制肽,是酶解虾壳蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的较优酶。     

螺旋藻蛋白水解产物对ACE抑制活性的研究

采用胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶水解螺旋藻藻胆蛋白制备ACE 抑制肽,通过体外实验测定其ACE 抑制率,以ACE 抑制率为指标确定两种蛋白酶的水解条件。结果表明：胃蛋白酶水解条件为：水解温度37℃,酶与底物比1:50,pH3.0,底物质量分数5%,水解产物的ACE 抑制率为82.16%,其IC50 值为0.104mg/ml;胰蛋白酶水解条件为：水解温度42℃,酶与底物1:50,pH8.0,底物质量分数6%,水解产物的ACE 抑制率为93.54%,其IC50值为0.017mg/ml。此外,胃蛋白酶水解产物再用胰蛋白酶水解,其产物的IC50 值为0.087mg/ml。     

酶解法制备猪肩胛骨降血压肽

以猪肩胛骨为原料,用蛋白酶将其水解用以制备降血压肽。以酶解液的血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制率为主要指标,筛选出风味蛋白酶为最适的蛋白酶进行酶解优化实验。考察酶解时间、酶解温度、pH、酶底比、底物浓度5个因素对酶解液的水解度和ACE抑制率的影响,并在此基础上通过响应面优化实验,确定最佳酶解条件为:酶底比6900U/g、酶解温度53℃、酶解时间4.5h,此条件下进行验证实验制备出ACE抑制率为65.31%的猪肩胛骨降血压肽,ACE抑制率理论值为66.93%。     

大豆蛋白酶解肽的分子量分布及抑制ACE活性关系研究

研究不同蛋白酶作用的酶解肽表现在血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)活性抑制差异,酶解产物的水解度、分子量分布与ACE抑制率的相互关系。用胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶等五种蛋白酶对大豆分离蛋白酶解,进行了多肽增量、水解度、超滤膜分离及其ACE抑制率对比等实验。结果表明,碱性蛋白酶的多肽增量最大,胃蛋白酶次之,依次为木瓜蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶,胰蛋白酶则出现反常;水解度随着酶解的时间而增加,碱性蛋白酶的最大水解度可达到21%,依次为胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶,最低为胰蛋白酶仅为9%左右;与此对应的碱性蛋白酶的酶解物的ACE活性抑制率为最高(44.9%),胃蛋白酶次之(43.5%)。分子量范围在1000Da以下组分对ACE的抑制效果最高,碱性蛋白酶作用获得的小分子肽组成为71.25%,胃蛋白酶的为69.35%,但其对应的ACE抑制率却为64.57%和78.49%。中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶作用获得的小分子肽的ACE抑制率分别为45.7%、47.3%和29.6%。胃蛋白酶的降压肽制备效果为最好,其次为碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶。     

酶解猪血浆蛋白粉制备ACE抑制肽的工艺优化

选用胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶水解猪血浆蛋白粉,通过单因素和正交试验考察其水解产物对ACE的抑制活性,并优选酶解工艺条件。结果显示:胃蛋白酶适宜水解血浆蛋白粉,制备ACE抑制肽;影响胃蛋白酶水解的4个因素主次顺序为底物质量浓度>酶解时间>pH值>酶与底物质量比(m酶:m底物),其中底物质量浓度和酶解时间的影响显著(P<0.05),pH值和m酶:m底物的影响不显著(P>0.05);适宜胃蛋白酶水解的条件为pH2.3、水解时间1.5h、底物质量浓度1g/100mL、m酶:m底物1:6。     

胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的条件

研究胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白制备ACE 抑制肽的工艺条件。采用胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白制备ACE 抑制肽,检测其水解产物的ACE 抑制率,以ACE 抑制率为指标,通过正交试验设计法,确定最终水解条件为水解温度37℃、pH3.0、酶与底物质量比1:100、底物质量分数7%,水解产物ACE 抑制率为92.5%,其IC50 值为0.24mg/mL。酪蛋白的水解度与ACE 抑制率之间并非简单的相关性。     

酶解山核桃蛋白制备降血压肽的工艺

采用碱性蛋白酶对山核桃蛋白进行水解,以水解度和水解物的ACE抑制率为考察指标,考察酶解pH值、酶解温度、酶解时间、加酶量4个因素的影响,并在此基础上通过响应面组合优化试验,确定得到ACE抑制率最佳的条件为酶解pH8.2、酶解温度56℃、酶解时间4h、加酶量5880U/g(以底物计),此时水解度为29.03%,水解物的ACE抑制率可达到72.48%。     

响应面法优化猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的酶解工艺条件

以猪血红蛋白为原料,采用胃蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽。以体外ACE抑制率和水解度为指标,通过单因素试验对酶解温度、酶解pH值、底物质量浓度、加酶量、酶解时间等酶解工艺参数进行研究,并用响应面法优化酶解工艺,建立二次多项数学模型。结果表明,胃蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的最佳工艺参数为酶解温度37.60℃、酶解pH 1.98、底物质量浓度4.98g/100mL、加酶量3.04%、酶解时间4h,酶解产物的最大ACE抑制率为70.09%。     

响应面法优化核桃降压肽的酶解工艺研究

本研究以低温脱脂核桃粕为原料,采用碱溶酸沉提蛋白后,分别用碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶制备核桃多肽,以血管紧张素转化酶(Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme,ACE)抑制率和水解度为指标,选出酶解效果最好的酶,并且对其底物质量浓度、加酶量、酶解温度、酶解时间和p H进行单因素实验,在此基础上采用响应面实验优化其制备核桃降压肽的最佳水解工艺。结果表明:在底物质量浓度30g/L、加酶量8000U/g、酶解温度57℃和p H8.6的条件下水解3h,ACE抑制率可达64.32%,此时酶解液的水解度为21.57%。     

酶解制备马氏珠母贝肉ACEIP的工艺研究

以ACE抑制率为评价指标,确定蛋白酶对马氏珠母贝肉（Pinctada martensii）水解条件。六种蛋白酶中水解效果较好的酶种为胃蛋白酶。正交试验确定的水解条件为:在pH2．2、温度39℃、酶浓度3%、水解6．0h、底物浓度12%。在该条件下水解,水解液ACE抑制率可以达到81．70%,IC50值为1．323mg/ml。     

乳清蛋白酶解制备ACE抑制肽的研究

采用碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶水解乳清蛋白制备ACE抑制肽，通过体外检测法测定其ACE抑制率。结果表明，碱性蛋白酶水解物的ACE抑制率最大。采用三因素二次通用旋转设计对碱性蛋白酶水解乳清蛋白的水解条件进行优化。研究了底物浓度、温度和酶与底物的质量比对ACE抑制率的影响，建立了回归方程，分析了各因素对ACE抑制率的影响．确定了最优的水解条件。     

酶法制备高抑制ACE活性蜂王浆的水解肽工艺优化

筛选制备高抑制血管紧张素转化酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)活性蜂王浆的酶制剂并确定其最佳酶解条件。在比较5种蛋白酶酶解蜂王浆产物抑制ACE酶活性基础上,选定日本天野公司生产的天野蛋白酶P为最适酶制剂,通过单因素试验和Box-Behnken二次旋转正交试验,并采用响应面分析得到天野蛋白酶P最佳酶解条件为水解时间196min、蜂王浆质量浓度0.0653g/mL、加酶量1503U/g。水解时间和蜂王浆质量浓度对抑制率有极显著影响(P＜0.01),加酶量对抑制率有显著影响(P＜0.05)。此条件下,蜂王浆酶解液对ACE的抑制率达到79.75%,为理论预测值的98.08%。蜂王浆几乎没有抗高血压活性,而天野蛋白酶P酶解蜂王浆产物有显著的抗高血压活性。     

ACE-inhibitory activity of tilapia protein hydrolysates

Fish processing wastes can be used for preparing bioactive peptides with various functionalities. Our objective was to evaluate the in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of tilapia protein hydrolysates and its corresponding fractionates. Tilapia protein was alkali-solubilised at pH 11.0 and recovered at pH 5.5 to obtain a stable substrate. This substrate was hydrolysed using two enzymes, Cryotin-F or Flavourzyme, to 7.5% and 25% degree of hydrolysis (DH). The hydrolysates were ultra-filtered into three fractions: >30 kDa fraction, 10–30 kDa fraction, and <10 kDa fractions. Both hydrolysates and fractionates were tested for ACE inhibition. Results showed that both Cryotin and Flavourzyme hydrolysates with 25% DH gave maximum ACE inhibitory activity. Low MW peptides showed higher ACE inhibition than high MW peptides. The inhibitory activity of fractionates was lower than that of the corresponding hydrolysates, possibly due to separation and removal of synergistic peptides by ultrafiltration. Amongst fractionates, all the 7.5% DH Cryotin fractions and 25% DH Flavourzyme fractions exhibited optimum % ACE inhibition. The results of this research could be used for optimising enzyme parameters to obtain peptides from tilapia with optimum in vitro ACE inhibitory activity.     

酶解鮰鱼皮明胶制备ACE抑制肽的工艺条件优化

以斑点叉尾鮰鱼皮明胶为原料,采用风味蛋白酶对其进行水解,制备ACE抑制肽。通过单因素实验考察温度、pH、底物浓度、加酶量及酶解时间对明胶水解物ACE抑制率的影响,在此基础上,采用Box-Behnken实验设计和响应面分析对风味蛋白酶水解鮰鱼皮明胶制备ACE抑制肽的工艺条件进行优化。实验结果表明,风味蛋白酶水解鮰鱼皮明胶制备ACE抑制肽的优化工艺条件为水解温度50℃,pH7.0,底物浓度4.5%,加酶量2.5%,酶解时间3h,在此条件得到的明胶水解物的ACE抑制率为91.45%,验证实验结果为89.81%。     

Comparison of ACE inhibitory and DPPH radical scavenging activities of fish muscle hydrolysates

To utilise Atlantic salmon, Coho salmon, Alaska pollack, and southern blue whiting as components of neutraceutical food and to clarify the potential physiological function of those fishes, their muscles were hydrolysed with pepsin, pancreatin or thermolysin. Methanolic extracts of fish muscle and their hydrolysates were prepared for analysis of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities. Pepsin hydrolysates of all the fish samples did not increase degree of hydrolysis, extractive nitrogen content and bioactivities. Pancreatin and thermolysin improved the ACE inhibitory activity, and the activity was expressed following the peak of size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The DPPH radical scavenging activity was increased following pancreatin and thermolysin hydrolysis, but this activity was not related to the SEC result. Except for the lower DPPH radical scavenging activity of Alaska pollack pancreatin hydrolysate than those of the others, there was no significant difference in the ACE inhibitory and DPPH radical scavenging activities by fish species.     

菠萝蛋白酶水解泥鳅蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的研究

为了探讨利用泥鳅蛋白制备功能性肽的可能性,采用高效液相色谱法测定泥鳅肉水解物对血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)的抑制作用,从胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、复合风味蛋白酶、复合蛋白酶5种酶中筛选出菠萝蛋白酶作为酶解泥鳅肉制备具有降血压活性水解物的适宜水解酶。在单因素试验的基础上,采用L9(34)正交试验设计对该酶的酶解条件进行优化。结果表明最佳水解条件为：温度55℃,固液比1:3,pH6.5,加酶量1000U/g pro,水解时间90min。在该条件下,水解物的ACE抑制率IC50值为0.0184mg/mL,ACE抑制肽的相对分子质量主要集中在924左右。     

Angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity of protein hydrolysates prepared from three freshwater carps (Catla catla,Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala) using Flavorzyme

Fish protein hydrolysates from three freshwater carps, Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala with different degree of hydrolysis (DH) (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%), were prepared using Flavorzyme enzyme and designated as HCF, HRF and HMF, respectively. The angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of hydrolysates was found to vary from 43 ± 2% to 71 ± 3%. Based on ACE inhibitory activity, HRF with DH‐15% was taken up for further study. The mode of ACE activity inhibition by HRF‐DH 15% was mixed type as revealed by Lineweaver–Burk plot. Sequential digestion of HRF‐DH 15% using pepsin and pancreatin decreased the ACE inhibitory activity from 76% to 63%. Partial purification of HRF‐DH 15% by size exclusion chromatography gave three different fractions designated as F‐1, F‐2 and F‐3 with the molecular mass in the range of 6456–407 Da. Fraction 2 had significantly higher ACE inhibitory activity than the other fractions.     

鱿鱼肝脏蛋白水解液及ACE 抑制肽的制备

为高效利用鱿鱼及其下脚料肝脏蛋白水解物,采用酶解技术和凝胶过滤分离等技术对鱿鱼肝脏蛋白水解液中抑制肽进行研究。结果表明：胃蛋白酶为鱿鱼肝脏蛋白水解的最佳酶类,同时以水解度和ACE 抑制活性为指标,得出胃蛋白酶水解的最佳条件：在36℃条件下酶解22h,酶与底物的质量比2%,底物质量分数2.5%。经过上述条件处理的水解液再经超滤处理(截留分子质量为20kD)后,用Sephadex G-50 进行分离,洗脱得到5 个峰,其中组分B 的ACE 抑制活性最高,其半抑制浓度(IC50)达到1.80mg/mL。