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1.
试验研究了Lactobacillus plantarum P-8与Saccharomyces cerevisiae QH2-2高密度混合发酵培养基、发酵条件优化及其冻干菌粉的制备。通过对氮源、发酵温度以及接菌工艺的优化证实以大豆蛋白粉为氮源,30℃同时接菌能获得更高的L.plantarum P-8和S.cerevisiae QH2-2活菌数(分别为5.98×10~9 CFU/mL和3.15×10~7 CFU/mL),较优化前分别提高了2.11倍和3.09倍。在此基础上,上发酵罐对发酵条件进行优化证实同时接菌(L.plantarum P-8 6%和S.cerevisiae QH2-2 1%),30℃下前7 h通空气,7 h后不通气条件下,L.plantarum P-8活菌数可达到1.66×10~10~ CFU/mL,S.cerevisiae QH2-2活菌数可达到6.21×10~7 CFU/mL,较上发酵罐前分别提高了2.77倍和1.97倍。L.plantarum P-8和S.cerevisiae QH2-2混合发酵液经冷冻干燥获得L.plantarum P-8的活菌数2.91×10~11 CFU/g,S.cerevisiae QH2-2的活菌数1.10~×10~9 CFU/g。上述菌种的混合发酵为益生菌发酵剂和微生态制剂的制备提供了参考。  相似文献   

2.
利用大豆黄浆水的发酵研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
黄浆水是豆制品厂排出的废水,因其含有丰富的营养而适合微生物的生长。采用潜在益生菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus 6013对黄浆水进行发酵,研究结果表明,在黄浆水中加入5%的蔗糖、以7%的接种量进行接种,并在37℃条件下发酵22h,该菌的活菌数可达到3.46×10^8cfu/mLi所得发酵液无论是在室温还是低温保存10d活菌数都没有明显的下降,在低温保存30d活菌数仍能保持在10^8个数量级,表明黄浆水是该菌的良好培养基及保存基质,这一研究结果对黄浆水的进一步利用具有重要意义。  相似文献   

3.
不同乳酸菌在毛酸浆发酵中的特性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为比较嗜热链球菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)(L1)、保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus)(L2)、瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus)(L3)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)(L4)、短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)(L5)和干酪乳杆菌(Lacbobacillus casei)(L6)在毛酸浆发酵中的特性,研究发酵过程中总酸含量、活菌数和色泽的变化。结果表明,发酵过程中,6种乳酸菌活菌数均能维持在8.0 lg(CFU/mL)以上,生长良好,其中乳酸菌L4、L5和L6在毛酸浆中产酸能力较好,最高总酸含量分别为11.85 g/L、10.95 g/L、10.45 g/L,并均能很好地保持发酵液本身的颜色,色差值均<54.51;当乳酸菌L4、L5和L6按不同接种比例复合发酵毛酸浆果汁时,各处理间活菌数和发酵液颜色变化基本一致,当乳酸菌L4∶L6为3∶2(V/V)进行复合发酵时,最终所得毛酸浆发酵液的总酸含量(17.91 g/L)最高。  相似文献   

4.
乳酸菌培养物的生长特性及其对豆奶质构和风味的影响   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
研究了Lactobacillus casei (LC), Lactobacillus helveticus (LH) and Lactobacillus rahmnosus (Lactobacillus casei subsp. rahmnosus 6013) (LR)生长特性及其对大豆奶酪风味的影响.研究表明,经过6 h的发酵,LC、LH和LR的菌落数分别增长至8.74、7.69和8.69 log (CFU/mL);37 ℃时,分别接种LC、LH、LR和添加有Glucono-δ-内酯(GDL)的大豆牛奶都明显出现可滴定酸度增加、pH减少的现象.这三种乳酸菌都能够利用大豆糖源.经质构分析发现,菌种可引起大豆牛奶质构发生变化,其凝乳的能力可与GDL媲美.菌种通过产酶、产酸而水解大豆蛋白,从而导致质构变化形成凝乳.这些菌种可释放18种游离氨基酸(FAA),其中包括可作为奶酪风味物质前体化合物的天门冬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸和缬氨酸.这些菌种均能利用大豆脂肪酸(FA),而在大豆凝乳中出现某些FA消失的现象表明所选的菌种还能分别完全消耗特定的FA.可见,这三种乳酸菌在大豆牛奶中可引起质感及风味前体物的变化,正是生产大豆奶酪所必需的效果,故选择它们作为制备大豆奶酪的适用菌种.  相似文献   

5.
采用植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)、副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)三种乳酸菌按照1∶1∶1的比例复合发酵红树莓山楂复合果汁(1∶1),分析其发酵前后部分理化指标的变化。结果显示,发酵后红树莓山楂复合发酵饮料中含有16种氨基酸;共检出40种挥发性风味物质,主要为酯类、酮类、酸类以及酚类化合物等;总酚含量为0.061 g/100 g、维生素C含量为89.56 mg/100 g;发酵后有机酸含量增至4.19 g/L,特别是乳酸含量由0.12 g/L增至3.22 g/L;活菌数达到2.2×107CFU/m L。感官分析结果显示,乳酸菌发酵能提升发酵原液的风味,保护色泽,红树莓山楂复合发酵饮料感官评分为86分,是一款营养、健康的乳酸发酵饮料。  相似文献   

6.
两步固态发酵法酿造功能性豆豉   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
运用分离自云南传统发酵豆豉的Bacillus subtilis SP-8-5与Lactobacillus plantarum YM-5-2菌株对大豆进行两步固态混合发酵。首先,将菌株B.subtilis SP-8-5接种至经室温浸泡10 h(20℃,质量比为1∶3),110℃(20min)蒸煮处理并冷却至30℃的大豆中,于26℃进行初步发酵42 h;随后再接种L.plantarum YM-5-2,并于30℃发酵2 d,最后置于4℃进行后发酵。经两步固态混合发酵处理后,得到一种纤溶活性较强,生产周期短,保质期相对较长,风味独特且易于被大众接受的新型功能性发酵豆豉。当后发酵时间为21 d时,样品豆豉中B.subtilisSP-8-5活菌数为(5.88±0.53)×108 CFU/g,而L.plantarum YM-5-2活菌数则高达(3.50±0.35)×1011 CFU/g,此时检测豆豉纤溶酶的纤溶圈直径高达(2.99±0.06)cm(37℃,静置培养48 h)。  相似文献   

7.
以麦胚为原料,利用复合乳酸菌发酵研制麦胚乳酸菌发酵饮品。以离心沉淀率为评价指标,优化稳定剂含量;采用单因素试验及正交试验,优化麦胚乳酸菌发酵饮品工艺条件,并测定其理化指标。结果表明,最佳稳定剂为羟丙基二淀粉磷酸酯0.5%、琼脂0.2%;最佳发酵工艺条件为嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophiles)、保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus)、乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis)、鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)按照配比1∶1∶1∶1∶1∶1∶1制备发酵剂,接种量0.03%,发酵时间24 h,发酵温度 42 ℃。在此最佳条件下,麦胚乳酸菌发酵饮品为乳酪色,质地黏稠,口感细腻,总蛋白3.53 g/100 g,总膳食纤维2.12 g/100 g,维生素E 1.28 mg/100 g,亚油酸669 mg/100 g,α-亚麻酸75.8 mg/100 g,乳酸活菌数2.1×109 CFU/mL。  相似文献   

8.
Lactobacillus reuteri IMAU10240(L.reuteri IMAU10240)是一株具有潜在益生特性的乳酸菌,为实现产业化应用,对其培养工艺进行优化以提高其活菌数。本研究以MRS培养基为基础,通过单因素筛选试验、正交试验和响应面优化试验对该菌株的培养基以及培养条件进行优化。通过实验确定L.reuteri IMAU10240最适培养基:蔗糖100.00 g/L,大豆蛋白胨13.25 g/L,酵母粉8.84 g/L,酵母蛋白胨13.25 g/L,Na_2HPO_4 19.85 g/L,柠檬酸2.58 g/L,MnSO_4·5H_2O 0.12 g/L,MgSO_4·7H_2O 0.40 g/L,甘油2.76 g/L,吐温-80 1.00 g/L,L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.50 g/L。初始pH 6.5,通入氮气37℃恒pH 5.5培养7~8 h。利用优化好的配方工艺进行5 L/50 L/200 L发酵罐的小试及中试试验,验证L.reuteri IMAU10240的发酵工艺,活菌数为7.57×10~9 CFU/mL,冻干菌粉活菌数为2.59×10~(11) CFU/g,可以进行生产验证。  相似文献   

9.
3株乳杆菌在模拟消化环境中存活性能的研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
在模拟胃肠道环境下,即人工胃液(pH值为1.5~4.5)、人工肠液、胆汁(质量浓度0.3-3g/L)和高盐(NaCl质量浓度50~80g/L)对3株乳杆菌的存活性能进行了研究。结果表明,3株乳杆菌在pH值为2.5-4.5的人工胃液中具有较强的生存能力,2.5h活菌数仍达10^8mL^-1左右;在人工肠液作用3h,活菌数始终在10^8mL^-1以上;在0.3%的胆汁环境作用8h,Lactobacillus plantarum ST-Ⅲ和Lactobacillus casei LC2W仍有存活;三者均能耐受NaCl浓度6.5%的高渗环境。  相似文献   

10.
本研究以山药粉为原料,益生菌Lactobacillus plantarum P-8和Bifidobacterium lactis V9为发酵剂,对发酵工艺进行优化,以得到一种兼具山药营养价值与益生菌益生特性的益生菌山药饮料。通过单因素实验研究发酵时间、接种量、发酵温度对饮料中活菌数、滴定酸度以及pH的影响,在此基础上结合响应面分析获得发酵益生菌山药饮料最优发酵工艺参数,即接种量为2×10~6 CFU/mL、发酵时间为19.1 h、发酵温度为37℃。在此条件下饮料活菌数为4.3×10~8 CFU/mL,滴定酸度为105.3°T。对饮料在4℃下贮藏28 d,贮藏期内饮料活菌数稳定维持在10~8 CFU/mL,饮料组织状态良好、风味及口感稳定。  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

15.
16.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

17.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

18.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

19.
An investigation is described in which various polyfunctional compounds were applied to wool in attempts to stabilize the temporary improvements in wrinkle-recovery brought about by ‘annealing’. Several reactive systems involving formaldehyde were found to produce the desired permanently improved wrinkle-recovery.  相似文献   

20.
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