DSPE-LC-MS/MS法测定牛奶及酸奶中雌激素

建立了牛奶、酸奶等奶制品中4种雌激素的分散固相萃取(DSPE)-液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)分析方法样品中加入乙腈沉淀蛋白质,用无水MgSO4去除水分,再用N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)极性吸附剂分散固相萃取净化,液相色谱质谱联用测定,达到简单、快速、低成本和高回收率的目的 在优化条件下,该方法的检出限(S/N=3)为0.66～8.26μg/L.采用该方法测定了牛奶和酸奶中4种雌激素的含量,在三个水平下的加标回收率为78.99％～109.33％,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.87％～9.23％该方法可适用于牛奶、酸奶等乳制品中雌激素的检测.     

液相色谱同位素稀释串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中3种硝基咪唑类禁用兽药及其代谢物的残留量

目的 建立了液相色谱同位素稀释串联质谱法同时测定牛奶和奶粉中3种硝基咪唑类禁用兽药(甲硝哒唑、二甲硝咪唑和罗硝哒唑)及其代谢物(羟基甲硝唑和1-甲基-2-羟甲基-5-硝基咪唑)残留量的方法.方法 采用乙腈沉淀样品蛋白,乙酸乙酯提取目标物,强阳离子交换固相萃取柱净化提取液,液相色谱-串联质谱测定,同位素内标法定量.结果 牛奶样品中5种分析物的检测限( LOQ)为0.5～1 μg/kg,奶粉样品中5种分析物的LOQ为2.5 ～5μg/kg.5种分析物在0～50 μg/L的浓度范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数＞0.995.方法在3个水平的添加回收率在88.3％ ～ 104.4％之间,相对标准偏差在3.67％～8.52％之间.结论 方法采用同位素稀释法定量,回收率高、重现性好,适用于牛奶、奶粉等样品中硝基咪唑类药物残留的定量及确证检测.     

超高效液相色谱快速测定卷烟主流烟气中7种挥发酚

为快速准确地测定卷烟烟气中的对-苯二酚、邻-苯二酚、间-苯二酚、苯酚、对-甲酚、邻-甲酚和间-甲酚,建立了同时测定卷烟主流烟气中7种挥发酚的超高效液相色谱( UPLC)方法.采用1％醋酸水溶液对捕集烟气粒相物的剑桥滤片超声萃取20 min,萃取液过滤后通过Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱分离,以水相中含7.0×10-3 mol/Lβ-环糊精(β-CD)的流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用荧光检测器进行分析.该方法的相对标准偏差( RSD)为1.15％～5.79％,回收率为90％～102％,检测限为0.04 ～ 0.35 μg/支,分析时间9 min.该法适合批量卷烟主流烟气中7种挥发酚的快速分析.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中万古霉素和去甲万古霉素残留

建立了牛奶中2种多肽类抗生素万古霉素和去甲万古霉素残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法.牛奶样品用三氯乙酸水溶液提取、沉淀蛋白,经混合型阳离子固相萃取柱Oasis MCX净化后,利用LC-MS/MS进行定性和定量分析.测定时样品溶液经ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱分离,0.1％甲酸水溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱测定采用正离子模式,多反应监测(MRM).结果表明,万古霉素和去甲万古霉素的检出限为5μg/kg,回收率为72.5％～87.2％,相对标准偏差小于10％.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定原料奶中5种环境雌激素残留量的研究

建立固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定原料乳中环境雌激素(雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇、己烯雌酚、双酚A)的方法.原料乳用NH2-SPE固相萃取小柱进行富集,旋转蒸发浓缩后,采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定.实验结果表明:各待测物在0.01 ～ 0.5 μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9978,加标回收率为68.5％～105.6％,RSD为2.56％ ～7.59％,最低检出限为0.22～0.56μg/L(S/N=3).本方法操作简便,快速灵敏,适合于牛奶中痕量环境雌激素的残留分析检测.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中23种兽药

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定牛奶中23种兽药残留的检测方法。用乙腈(含2%甲酸)提取牛奶样品中的目标化合物,经oasis PriMe HLB小柱净化后,氮气吹扫,用5%甲醇水溶液溶解残余物后分析。以水(含0.1%甲酸)-甲醇(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相,选择HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8μm)分离目标化合物,采用电喷雾电离串联三重四级杆质谱在多反应监测(MrM)模式下进行测定,外标法定量。23种兽药化合物的检出限为0.005～3.026μg/kg,定量限为0.1～10μg/kg,加标回收率为70.98%～118.63%,相对标准偏差为0.14%～11.55%,该方法简单快捷、准确可靠,可用于牛奶中23种兽药的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中β-内酰胺类抗生素的残留

建立了同时测定水产品中,6种β-内酰胺类抗生素药物残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法.样品经乙腈-水(15∶2,v∶v)混合液提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化.以乙腈-0.01mol/L醋酸铵溶液(pH4.5)作为流动相,C18色谱柱进行分离,电喷雾正离子多反应监测模式进行检测.方法检测限为0.2～2.0μg/kg,加标回收率为80.8％～92.9％,相对标准偏差为2.6％～9.1％(n=9).该方法准确、灵敏、简便,适用于水产品中6种β-内酰胺类抗生素残留的测定.     

固相萃取-UPLC-MS/MS法测定牛奶中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量

建立一种固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛奶中氟虫腈及其代谢物(氟甲腈、氟虫腈砜、氟虫腈硫醚)的分析方法。牛奶样品经提取和盐析,Oasis PRiME HLB固相萃取柱通过式净化后,以乙腈-水为流动相,HSS T3色谱柱(2.1mm×100 mm,1.8μm)进行色谱分离,在电喷雾负离子模式下,多反应监测(MRM)方式进行测定,外标法定量。结果表明,氟虫腈及其代谢物在0.05～5.0μg/L浓度范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r≥0.9976,方法检出限为0.01μg/kg,定量限为0.05μg/kg。在浓度分别为0.5、1、10μg/kg加标水平下,4种化合物的回收率范围为80.6%～101%,相对标准偏差范围为1.0%～6.1%。该方法简单快捷、准确可靠,适用于牛奶中氟虫腈及其代谢物的同时测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中6种大环内酯类药物的残留量

建立了液相色谱串联质谱测定牛奶和奶粉中6种大环内酯类药物(螺旋霉素、吡利霉素、竹桃霉素、替米卡星、红霉素和泰乐菌素)残留量的分析方法。采用乙腈提取目标物,OasisHLB固相萃取柱净化提取液,液相色谱-串联质谱测定,外标法定量。牛奶中6种大环内酯类药物的检测低限(LOQ)为1μg/kg,奶粉的LOQ为8μg/kg。6种分析物在0～100μg/L的浓度范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数>0.992。方法在三个水平的添加回收率在81.5%～96.1%之间,相对标准偏差在3.29%～9.96%之间。方法回收率高、重现性好,适用于牛奶、奶粉等样品中大环内酯类药物残留的定量及确证检测。     

超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定牛奶中7种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂

目的 建立牛奶中7种有机磷酸酯类(OPEs)阻燃剂的超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱分析方法。方法 基于乙腈-冷冻诱导液液萃取技术提取、净化和富集样品,以甲醇-水作为流动相,梯度洗脱程序,HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,高分辨质谱靶向单一离子监测模式测定,内标法定量。结果 7种OPEs在0.2～20μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(R²>0.99),方法检出限为0.01～0.21μg/L,定量限为0.04～1.72μg/L,3个不同加标水平的回收率为88.4%～118%,相对标准偏差为1.15%～7.15%。结论 该方法操作简便,重复性好,灵敏度高,可应用于牛奶中OPEs的痕量检测。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.