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1.
近年来,苦味食物越来越受到人们的青睐,这是有科学根据的。苦味食物"家族"庞大,可供食用的苦味食品很多,如生菜、苦瓜、芹菜、苦笋、莴苣、芥蓝菜、油麦菜、芥兰、丝瓜、葫芦、瓠子、苜蓿、香椿、荆芥、芝麻叶、牛蒡根、蒲公英、慈菇等苦味菜,莲子、百合、薄荷、菊花、杏仁、李子、橘皮、槟榔、黑枣、米醋、绿茶、咖啡、可可、啤酒、苦丁茶、绞股蓝茶等果品和  相似文献   

2.
本刊综合报道,2005 年对以下 30 类产品实施国家免检制度:黄酒、方便面、饮料、罐头、饲料、化肥、粮油加工机械、文具、家具、组合音响、电动剃须刀、不锈钢餐具、人造板(木地板)、照明设备、旅游鞋、服装(休闲服、童装、袜子)、丝绸制品、取暖器、采暖散热器、太阳能热水器、注塑机械、管材、有色金属及稀土产品、磁性材料、电机、电线电缆、变压器、轴承、车用润滑油、汽车零配件。 2002 年获得国家免检资格的电视机、电冰箱、空调、洗衣机、皮鞋、尿素、钢筋、水泥、微型计算机、微波炉、婴幼儿配方乳粉、合成洗衣粉、吸油烟机、卫生巾…  相似文献   

3.
招聘     
《新食品》2011,(21):157-157
福州贺兰山思域酒业锖售有限公司 是法国卡斯特兄弟股份有限公司在中国的战略合作伙伴,现诚聘全国各区域销售经理。工作地点(北京、南京、苏州、连云港、扬州、杭州、宁波、台州、合肥、温州、福州、厦门、泉州、广州、深圳、东莞、海口、武汉、长沙、南昌、赣州、贵阳、西安、成都、重庆、昆明、南宁、天津、太原、大连、沈阳、济南、青岛、长春、哈尔滨、上海)  相似文献   

4.
优势区范围 广东片:增城、德庆、从化、信宜、白云、黄埔、花都、番禺、台山、开平、鹤山、恩平、三水、顺德、高明、龙门、清远、雷州、吴川、遂溪、徐闻、珠海、惠州市惠城区、惠阳区、惠东、博罗、东莞市、汕头市澄海区、潮南区、惠来。  相似文献   

5.
我国古代很早就有医食同源之说。医药与食物本来就有千丝万缕的联系,有不少中药既是药物,又是食物。例如:萝卜、生姜、大葱、大蒜、大茴、小茴、花椒、胡椒、桂皮、大枣、莲子、百合、山药、绿豆、黑豆、扁豆、赤豆、蜂蜜、桂圆、核桃、芝麻、南瓜子、茯苓、黑木耳、白木耳等。  相似文献   

6.
TRAMCO链式输送机广泛应用于油料加工、食品加工、肉类副产品加工、酒精工艺、酿酒厂、麦芽糖加工、食糖加工等行业.可输送大豆、花生、葵花籽、油菜籽、棉籽等油料及其饼粕,还可输送大米、小麦、稻谷、玉米、化工产品、矿物、煤炭、橡胶、纸浆、固体垃圾等物料.  相似文献   

7.
洪咏 《烹调知识》2011,(3):22-22
我国古代很早就有“医食同源”之说。医药与食物本来就有千丝万缕的联系,有不少中药既是药物,又是食物。例如:萝卜、生姜、大葱、大蒜、大茴、小苗、花椒、胡椒、桂皮、大枣、莲子、百合、山药、绿豆、黑豆、扁豆、赤豆、蜂蜜、桂圆、核桃、芝麻、南瓜子、茯苓、黑木耳、白木耳等。  相似文献   

8.
民间秘方     
《食品与生活》2007,(1):47-47
温性、热性食物大多能温中、散寒和助阳,适于体质虚寒者或冬令季节食用,阴虚火旺者慎食,如面粉、糯米、豆油、酒、醋、大枣、荔枝、红糖、羊肉、牛肉、狗肉、虾、鸡、鲫鱼、鲢鱼、葱、姜、韭菜、大蒜、辣椒、胡椒等。寒性、凉性食物一般具有清热泻火、解毒养阴之功,适于体质偏热者或夏天食用,如小米、绿豆、赤小豆、豆腐、豆浆、西瓜、梨、柑、柿、甘蔗、鸭肉、兔肉、猪肉、蟹、甲鱼、田鸡、蜂蜜、竹笋、苦瓜、黄瓜、白菜、蕹菜、萝卜、番茄、菠菜、荸荠等。对于平性食物,健康者可长年食用,如蛋黄、牛奶、黄豆、黑豆、红薯、马铃薯、南瓜、…  相似文献   

9.
沙茶酱原产于印尼,主要是由花生仁、椰子肉、虾仁、扁鱼、马拉煎:(幼虾加盐腌制而成)、花椒、葱头、大蒜、白芝麻、陈皮、大茴、小茴、姜黄、丁香、沙姜、桂子、南姜、盐、大豆油等制成。  相似文献   

10.
川菜的烹调方法有:炒、煎、烧、炸、腌、卤、熏、泡、蒸、炖、焖、煮、拌、炝、醉、煸等几十种。川菜炒制时不过油、不换锅,一锅成菜,不勾芡汁;成菜后油亮无汁、色泽红亮、味香而醇。  相似文献   

11.
Thirty-eight elements, including toxic cadmium, lead, mercury, silver and thallium, were determined in 18 species of wild edible mushrooms collected from several sites in Pomorskie Voivodeship in northern Poland in 1994. Elements were determined by double focused high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), after wet digestion of the dried samples with concentrated nitric acid in closed PTFE vessels using a microwave oven. K, P and Mg were present at levels of mg/g dry matter; Na, Zn, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, Rb, Ag, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cs, Sr, Al and Si were present at µg/g levels, while Tl, In, Bi, Th, U, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, La, Lu and Ba were present at ng/g levels.  相似文献   

12.
Influences of matrix particle size distribution (PSD) (18, 25, 35 and 50 μm) and fat content (25%, 30% and 35%) on flavour release of dark chocolate volatiles were quantified by static headspace gas chromatography using GC–MS. Sixty-eight (68) flavour compounds were identified, comprising alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, furans, pyrans, pyrazines, pyridines, pyroles, phenols, pyrones and thiozoles. From GC–olfactometry, 2-methylpropanal, 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal had chocolate notes. With cocoa/roasted/nutty notes were trimethyl-, tetramethyl-, 2,3-dimethyl-, 2,5-dimethyl-, 3(or 2),5-dimethyl-2(or 3)-ethyl- and 3,5(or 6)-diethyl-2-methylpyrazine and furfuralpyrrole. Compounds with fruity/floral notes included 3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol and 5-ethenyltetrahydro-R,R,5-trimethyl-cis-2-furanmethanol. Caramel-like, sweet and honey notes were conferred by 2-phenylethanol, phenylacetaldehyde, 2-phenylethylacetate, 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-ethylpyrazine, 2-carboxaldehyde-1H-pyrrole, furancarboxaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)furanone. There were direct relationships of fat content with 3-methylbutanal and branched pyrazines but inverse ones with 2-phenylethanol, furfuryl alcohol, methylpyrazine, phenylacetaldehyde, 2, 3, 5-trimethyl-6-ethylpyrazine and 2-carboxaldehyde-1-H-pyrrole. Particle size influenced higher alcohol, aldehyde, ester, ketone and pyrazine concentrations at all fat contents. A multivariate product space suggested flavour effects of the interacting factors.  相似文献   

13.
In the period between December 5, 1991 and September 17, 1998, 760 maize, 367 wheat, 119 soybean, 222 barley, 85 bran, 32 triticale, 60 oat, 14 rye and 22 sunflower samples were investigated for the presence and concentration of seven fusariotoxins (T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, HT-2 toxin, fusarenone-X) and OTA. The comparison of analytical data with those of the relevant literature revealed that although the incidence rate and/ or concentration of Fusarium mycotoxins and OTA in Hungarian-grown cereals is occasionally considerable, the position of the country is not worse than the average of countries. Our findings indicate that soybean tends to be good substrate for trichothecene-producing fungi and the rate of contamination is regarded as substantial. The commodities were assorted into one of three quality categories. The proportion of objectionable samples was only 3.0, 2.2, 2.3 and 1.7% in maize, wheat, barley and soybean samples, respectively. However, this low rate of objection might still be a source of great economic loss. The proportion of objectionable samples was much higher in the case of bran, oat and triticale (7.1, 6.7, and 6.3%, respectively). The results of the present investigation indicate a need for regular screening for mycotoxins of importance and individual appraisal of each commodity from the point of their use in animal feeds.  相似文献   

14.
为解决苎麻在乙二醇有机溶剂脱胶中纤维易被氧化而导致性能下降的问题,在乙二醇溶剂中添加助剂蒽醌对苎麻进行脱胶,并对蒽醌不同添加量下制得的纤维进行结构和性能表征。结果表明:纤维中半纤维素含量随蒽醌添加量的增加而升高,纤维的聚合度、结晶度、物理力学性能先升高后降低,纤维的残胶率和线密度先降低后升高;当蒽醌质量分数为0.3% 时,这些性能均达到最佳值,此时纤维的聚合度、结晶度、制成率、断裂强度、断裂伸长率、断裂功比不加蒽醌时分别提高了7.32%、20.53%、1.46%、9.55%、6.89%、33.33%,纤维的残胶率、线密度比不加蒽醌时分别降低了17.91%、7.24%。  相似文献   

15.
Microencapsulation is a relatively new technology that is used for protection, stabilization, and slow release of food ingredients. The encapsulating or wall materials used generally consist of starch, starch derivatives, proteins, gums, lipids, or any combination of them. Methods of encapsulation of food ingredients include spraydrying, freeze‐drying, fluidized bed‐coating, extrusion, cocrystallization, molecular inclusion, and coacervation. This paper reviews techniques for preparation of microencapsulated food ingredients and choices of coating material. Characterization of microcapsules, mechanisms of controlled release, and efficiency of protection/ stabilization of encapsulated food ingredients are also presented.  相似文献   

16.
Fungi are distributed worldwide and can be found in various foods and feedstuffs from almost every part of the world. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by some fungal species and may impose food safety risks to human health. Among all mycotoxins, aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON and T‐2 toxin), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisins (FMN) have received much attention due to high frequency and severe health effects in humans and animals. Malaysia has heavy rainfall throughout the year, high temperatures (28 to 31 °C), and high relative humidity (70% to 80% during wet seasons). Stored crops under such conditions can easily be contaminated by mycotoxin‐producing fungi. The most important mycotoxins in Malaysian foods are AFs, OTA, DON, ZEN, and FMN that can be found in peanuts, cereal grains, cocoa beans, and spices. AFs have been reported to occur in several cereal grains, feeds, nuts, and nut products consumed in Malaysia. Spices, oilseeds, milk, eggs, and herbal medicines have been reported to be contaminated with AFs (lower than the Malaysian acceptable level of 35 ng/g for total AFs). OTA, a possible human carcinogen, was reported in cereal grains, nuts, and spices in Malaysian market. ZEN was detected in Malaysian rice, oat, barley, maize meal, and wheat at different levels. DON contamination, although at low levels, was reported in rice, maize, barley, oat, wheat, and wheat‐based products in Malaysia. FMN was reported in feed and some cereal grains consumed in Malaysia. Since some food commodities are more susceptible than others to fungal growth and mycotoxin contamination, more stringent prevention and control methods are required.  相似文献   

17.
The trace element contents of five varieties of instant coffee powder available in the Indian market have been analysed. Ca, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Sr, Zn and Pb, Cd, Cu have been determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, respectively. The metal levels in the coffee powders observed in this study are comparable with those reported for green coffee beans (Arabica and Robusta variety) reported worldwide with the exception of Sr and Zn, which were on the lower side of the reported values. Concentrations of these metals have been converted into intake figures based on coffee consumption. The daily intakes of the above metals through ingestion of coffee are 1.4mg, 1.58 mu g, 124 mu g, 41.5mg, 4.9mg, 17.9 mu g, 2.9 mu g, 3.8 mu g, 12.5 mu g, 0.2 mu g, 0.03 mu g and 15.5 mu g, respectively. The values, which were compared with the total dietary intake of metals through ingestion by the Mumbai population, indicate that the contribution from coffee is less than or around 1% for most of the elements except for Cr and Ni which are around 3% .  相似文献   

18.
Food-grade biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, can be used to create a diverse range of delivery systems suitable for encapsulating, protecting, and delivering lipophilic functional components, such as ω-3 rich oils, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), oil-soluble vitamins, flavors, colors, and nutraceuticals. This article provides an overview of a number of different approaches that can be used to create structured delivery systems based on biopolymers, including molecular complexation, coacervation, thermodynamic incompatibility, moulding, and extrusion methods. These delivery systems can be produced from food-grade ingredients using simple processing operations (e.g., mixing, homogenizing, and thermal processing). The structure, production, performance, and potential applications of each type of structured delivery system are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
The aim of the present review article is to summarize the available information related to the availability, production, chemical composition, pharmacological activity, and traditional uses of Avena sativa to highlight its potential to contribute to human health. Oats are now cultivated worldwide and form an important dietary staple for the people in number of countries. Several varieties of oats are available. It is a rich source of protein, contains a number of important minerals, lipids, β-glucan, a mixed-linkage polysaccharide, which forms an important part of oat dietary fiber, and also contains various other phytoconstituents like avenanthramides, an indole alkaloid-gramine, flavonoids, flavonolignans, triterpenoid saponins, sterols, and tocols. Traditionally oats have been in use since long and are considered as stimulant, antispasmodic, antitumor, diuretic, and neurotonic. Oat possesses different pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, anticholesterolaemic, etc. A wide spectrum of biological activities indicates that oat is a potential therapeutic agent.  相似文献   

20.
茶树起源于中国,茶叶是世界三大饮品之一.茶叶中富含茶多酚、蛋白质及氨基酸、生物碱、芳香族化合物、糖类、类脂化合物、维生素、无机物、叶绿素、酶等多种化合物.它们经过非发酵、微发酵、半发酵、全发酵及后发酵工艺,萎凋、杀青、揉捻、发酵、干燥等处理后,由于温度、压力、酶及微生物的作用,儿茶素在多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶等的氧化聚合下分别形成茶黄素、茶红素、茶褐素等茶色素;β-D-糖苷类等香气前驱体在β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-樱草糖苷酶的作用下水解生成相应的醇类等香气物质;蛋白质水解成氨基酸,并形成不同的手性对映体,所以赋予茶叶特有的颜色、香气、滋味、外形以及其抑菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、防衰老、增强机体免疫、防癌抗癌、预防心脑血管疾病等功效,进而形成绿茶、白茶、黄茶、青茶、红茶、黑茶六大茶系.本文从茶叶成品色、香、味等关键组分入手,阐述其在加工过程中的变化规律和关键技术调控的相关性及存在问题,并探讨它们的形成机理,为提高茶叶品质提供理论依据.  相似文献   

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