龙井乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用

以龙井、柿叶、贡菊和银杏叶为原料,用L-酪氨酸和L-DOPA为底物测定各原料的乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用.结果表明,四种原料的乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶均有一定的抑制作用,以龙井的抑制卒最高,当浓度达到4mg·mL-1(以生药计)时,抑制率为30.36%,其IC50值为7.5mg/mL.龙井乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用属于可逆过程,其抑制类型为混合型,K,为3.1,KIS为9.3.     

红花黄酮提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

研究红花黄酮提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用。以L-酪氨酸为底物,对红花黄酮提取物抑制酪氨酸酶活性进行动力学研究。结果表明：在试验浓度范围内,红花黄酮提取物对酪氨酸酶均具有抑制性,且当红花黄酮提取物浓度为3.0mg/mL时,抑制率达到最大值78.03%;IC50值为0.834mg/mL,抑制常数KI为0.036mg/mL,KIS为0.0064mg/mL。研究表明,红花黄酮提取物对酪氨酸酶有显著的抑制作用,酶抑制类型为可逆的混合型抑制。     

莲房原花青素对酪氨酸酶活力和黑色素生物合成影响的初步研究

目的：探讨莲房原花青素(LSPC)对酪氨酸酶及其黑色素生物合成的抑制机理。方法：采用酪氨酸酶多巴速率氧化法体外测定药物干预前后酪氨酸酶活性，求出酪氨酸酶抑制率，并作出相应Lineweaver-Burk曲线，推断其抑制类型。结果：莲房原花青素能显著抑制酪氨酸酶活性，其半抑制浓度IC50为1．15g/L。并能有效抑制形成黑色素的中间产物L-多巴色素向黑色素转化其半抑制浓度IC50为1．750g/L。结论 莲房原花青素可抑制酪氨酸酶活性，且属于酪氨酸酶竞争性抑制剂。     

鸡爪皮胶原多肽对蘑菇酪氨酸酶及B16黑色素瘤细胞的作用

研究分子质量低于3 kDa鸡爪皮胶原多肽对蘑菇蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制及对小鼠B16黑色素瘤细胞黑色素合成的影响。以L-多巴为底物,研究胶原肽对蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制作用及抑制动力学。然后采用B16黑色素瘤细胞验证提取鸡爪皮胶原多肽的安全性及对黑色素合成影响的效果。结果表明,分子质量低于3 kDa的鸡爪皮胶原多肽抑制蘑菇酪氨酸酶的IC50值为0.570 mg/mL,抑制属于非竞争性抑制,米氏常数Km和抑制常数Ki分别为24.68μmol/mL和10.76 mg/mL。鸡爪皮胶原多肽在0²00μg/mL的质量浓度范围内对细胞的增殖活性没有影响,而且能够有效地抑制细胞黑色素的生成。     

甘薯叶提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

为探究甘薯叶提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的影响,利用不同极性溶剂萃取甘薯叶乙醇提取物,分别得到石油醚层、三氯甲烷层、乙酸乙酯层及正丁醇层萃取物,并采用多巴速率氧化法考察不同溶剂提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用。结果表明,甘薯叶提取物中存在能抑制酪氨酸酶活性的物质,其中甘薯叶正丁醇萃取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用最明显,根据正丁醇萃取物抑制酪氨酸酶的Lineweaver-Burk双倒数拟合方程可得,甘薯叶提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用是可逆过程,其抑制类型是混合型,KI与KIS分别为0.198、0.209 mg/mL,即甘薯叶提取物与游离酶的结合程度大于与酶-底物络合物的结合。     

β-葡萄糖苷酶法与盐酸法水解银杏黄酮制备黄酮苷元的比较

采用盐酸和β-葡萄糖苷酶分别水解银杏叶提取物(GBE)制备银杏黄酮苷元.通过正交试验得出了酸水解的最佳工艺参数为:温度70℃、时间4h、盐酸浓度4mol/L、甲醇浓度为80%、固液比(mg/ml)2:1;酶水解的最佳工艺参数为:温度40℃、酶浓度5×10-3mg/ml、pH5.0下水解6h.由HPLC图谱比较发现,经酸解的产物内有效成分只有黄酮苷元,而经酶解的产物内还保留了银杏内酯等活性成分,有利于保留银杏叶提取物的综合生物活性.     

小米谷糠油活性成分及其对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

对小米谷糠油中的维生素E、谷维素、角鲨烯、脂肪酸等活性成分进行了分析测定，并以邻苯二酚为底物，维生素C为阳性对照，研究了小米谷糠油对马铃薯酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用。结果表明：小米谷糠油对酪氨酸酶的生成有较强的抑制作用，进而对黑色素的生成有一定的抑制效果，其质量浓度为12 mg/mL时抑制作用最大，抑制率为92.32%；小米谷糠油在质量浓度1.5~6 mg/mL范围内抗氧化稳定性较好，可以作为一种天然美白剂开发利用。     

羊栖菜多糖提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用研究

目的:研究羊栖菜多糖提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用和对结构的影响。方法:提取羊栖菜多糖并测定含量,以L-DOPA为底物,在475nm处测定吸光度,观察羊栖菜多糖提取物对酪氨酸酶二酚酶活力的影响;测定羊栖菜多糖作用下酪氨酸酶内源荧光和ANS结合的荧光的变化,以判断对酶结构的影响情况。结果:羊栖菜多糖提取物对蘑菇酪氨酸酶有明显的抑制作用,可以导致酪氨酸酶的二酚酶活力下降。羊栖菜多糖使二酚酶活力下降一半时的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为(2.16±0.37)mg/mL。羊栖菜多糖对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用是一个可逆过程,抑制类型为混合型抑制。通过动力学分析,测得羊栖菜多糖对酪氨酸酶的抑制常数(Ki)为(4.34±0.56)mg/mL。荧光测定结果表明,羊栖菜多糖的结合引起酪氨酸酶三级结构的明显改变。结论:羊栖菜多糖与酪氨酸酶的结合引起酶结构的变化,并以混合抑制的方式可逆抑制酪氨酸酶的二酚酶活性。本实验为进一步研究和设计新型酪氨酸酶抑制剂奠定科学基础。     

正交试验优化油茶壳中抑制酪氨酸酶活性成分的提取工艺

采用超声辅助萃取，以酪氨酸酶活性抑制率为指标，通过单因素及正交试验优化油茶壳中抑制酪氨酸酶活性成分的提取工艺。结果表明：最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数60%、提取时间3 h、料液比1∶15(g/mL)、提取温度60℃,在此条件下，质量浓度0.1 mg/mL的油茶壳提取物对酪氨酸酶活性抑制率可达42.80%±1.37%。     

藜麦皂苷的提取及其酪氨酸酶抑制活性

探究藜麦"陇藜1号"籽粒中皂苷的最佳提取条件并验证其酪氨酸酶抑制活性。设计三因素三水平正交实验,探索料液比,乙醇浓度及超声时间对藜麦皂苷提取得率的影响。构建L-多巴诱导的B16细胞模型,测定藜麦皂苷对细胞活性及酪氨酸酶活性的影响,最终通过免疫印迹法(Westernblot)探索藜麦皂苷影响酪氨酸酶活性的作用通路。结果显示:藜麦皂苷最佳提取条件为料液比1:40,70%浓度的乙醇下超声60 min,得率为17.85 mg/g。当藜麦皂苷的浓度低于200μg/m L时,其对B16细胞无显著抑制作用,但能显著抑制酪氨酸酶的活性和黑色素的形成,200μg/m L藜麦皂苷处理B16细胞72 h,黑色素相对含量降至73.85%,酪氨酸酶活性降至53.31%。藜麦皂苷通过抑制小眼畸型相关转录因子(MITF)及酪氨酸酶(TYR)蛋白表达来抑制黑色素形成。藜麦皂苷可以作为一种具有美白活性的组分在化妆品或药品中应用。     

酱油对酪氨酸酶抑制作用的研究

酪氨酸酶是合成黑色素过程的关键酶,通过测定酱油对酪氨酸酶活性的影响来确定其对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用及抑制机理。结果表明:酱油对酪氨酸酶具有较强的抑制作用,酶抑制率达到50%时(IC50)酱油固形物含量浓度为19.8g/L。酱油对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用动力学行为表现为可逆混合性抑制类型。     

Inhibitory Mechanism and Kinetics Study of Apple Polyphenols on the Activity of Tyrosinase

Tyrosinase is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of melanin. In order to investigate the effect of apple polyphenols on tyrosinase activity, the enzyme kinetic method was used. The concentration of apple polyphenols, which caused the tyrosinase activity to be lost by 50%, was 1.0 mg ml^?1 for monophenolase and 0.9 mg ml^?1 for disphenolase. When the concentration of apple polyphenols was 2.0 mg ml^?1, the lag time before reaction of monophenolase was extended from 1.2 to 4.5 min. Inhibition kinetics analysis suggested that apple polyphenols were reversible and mixed inhibitors for tyrosinase with an inhibition equilibrium constant 2.3 mmol l^?1. The results indicated that apple polyphenols were ideal tyrosinase inhibitors and could be used in food and cosmetics.     

热转化西洋参茎叶皂苷的抗氧化及美白活性

该文研究了热转化前后西洋参茎叶皂苷中低极性人参皂苷含量的变化,并对转化前后的西洋参茎叶皂苷的抗氧化活性和美白活性进行了研究。结果表明,热转化过程使得西洋参茎叶皂苷中低极性人参皂苷含量由0.07 mg/mg增加到0.66 mg/mg。并且,在0.1~5 mg/mL浓度范围内,转化前后西洋参茎叶皂苷对DPPH自由基的最大清除率分别为16.65%和38.28%,对ABTS自由基的最大清除率分别为8.20%和41.94%,还原能力分别为3.24 mg TEAC/g DW和25.22 mg TEAC/g DW。此外,在0.025~0.1 mg/mL浓度范围内,热转化前后西洋参茎叶皂苷对B16细胞内酪氨酸酶活性最大抑制率分别为30.22%和33.54%,对B16细胞内黑色素生成的最大抑制率分别为17.27%和29.33%。综上,热转化过程提高了西洋参茎叶皂苷中的低极性人参皂苷含量,增强了西洋参茎叶皂苷的抗氧化活性和美白活性,在美容与医药领域具有很大的应用价值。     

Studying the anti-tyrosinase effect of Arbutus andrachne L. extracts

Arbutus andrachne L. is widely distributed in Jordan. Tyrosinase is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of melanin. This preliminary study was carried out to assess the possible anti-tyrosinase activity of A. andrachne extracts. Arbutin, hydroquinone and kojic acid were selected as inhibitor standards. Five different extracts (chloroform, butanol, ethanol, methanol and water) were prepared from A. andrachne stems and their activities were compared with the selected tyrosinase inhibitors. IC₅₀ was measured for both, standard and plant extracts. Among the different extracts, the methanolic extract exhibited the highest anttyrosinase activity with an IC₅₀ value (1 mg mL⁻¹). Furthermore, 9 mg A. andrachne methanolic extract showed 97.49% inhibition of tyrosinase activity. Arbutin, hydroquinone, β-sitosterol and ursolic acid were identified in the different extracts of A. andrachne by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and isolated by preparative TLC from the methanolic and chloroform stem extracts, respectively.     

Dual inhibitions of lemon balm (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Melissa officinalis</Emphasis>) ethanolic extract on melanogenesis in B16-F1 murine melanocytes: Inhibition of tyrosinase activity and its gene expression

The effects of wild type and UV-irradiated lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) ethanolic extracts (MOE and UMOE) on melanogenesis in vitro were examined. UMOE showed potent antioxidant activity and significantly inhibited the mushroom and melanocyte tyrosinase activity, and lowered cellular melanin content by 49% at 200 μg/mL in B16-F1 melanocytes. The key gene and protein expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 were reduced (−73% for TRP-1 protein at 200 μg/mL UMOE, p<0.05). MOE showed similar results to a slightly lesser degree. We found that myo-inositol, a major compound in lemon balm extracts, significantly reduced cellular melanin synthesis and its effect was greater than arbutin at 1 mM. These suggest that both MOE and UMOE have anti-melanogenic role by both direct inhibition of tyrosinase and down-regulation of gene expressions in melanogenesis. UV-irradiation slightly improved the anti-melanogenic activities. UMOE may be useful as natural anti-melanogenic biomaterials for functional foods and cosmetics.     

辐照红景天乙醇提取物的抗氧化作用及美白作用研究

目的:探讨60Co-γ射线辐照处理对红景天乙醇提取物抗氧化及美白作用的影响。方法:本试验所用红景天经不同剂量(5、10、20、30 kGy)的60Co-γ射线辐照处理后,采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率、2,2'-联氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐(ABTS)自由基清除率及铁离子还原能力(FRAP)、酪氨酸酶抑制实验、小鼠B16黑色素瘤细胞实验,评价辐照红景天提取物的抗氧化活性及美白活性。结果:与未辐照组相比,辐照组红景天提取物的抗氧化活性及美白活性均增加,其中20 kGy辐照组红景天提取物效果最佳,清除DPPH自由基的IC₅₀值为3.75 μg/mL、清除ABTS自由基的IC₅₀值为44.88 μg/mL、铁离子还原能力FRAP值为(1.90±0.05) mmol/mg、抑制酪氨酸酶的IC₅₀值为244.10 μg/mL、能够有效降低小鼠黑色素瘤细胞中黑色素的合成,并在浓度为0.50%以下时无细胞毒性。结论:20 kGy的60Co-γ射线辐照处理红景天乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性最强,并具有良好的美白功效。     

Effects of protein hydrolysate from chicken feather meal on tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in B16F10 murine melanoma cells

Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme that controls mammalian melanogenesis. Tyrosinase inhibitors are important for their potential application in cosmetic products. Chicken feather meal is a rich source of amino acids, which have been linked with tyrosinase inhibition activity. This study investigated the tyrosinase inhibitory properties of protein hydrolysates prepared from chicken feather meal. Protein hydrolysates prepared by pepsin-pancreatin with MW <3 kDa exhibited strong tyrosinase inhibition activity for both monophenolase (IC₅₀ 5.780 ± 0.188 µg/mL) and diphenolase activities (IC₅₀ 0.040 ± 0.024 µg/mL) in a cell-free mushroom tyrosinase system. These samples were uncompetitive inhibitors with Ki values of 18.149 and 27.189 µg/mL in monophenolase and diphenolase activities, respectively. A cell culture model showed that this hydrolysate had the strongest inhibition on the viability of B16F10 cells (IC₅₀ 1.124 ± 0.288 µg/mL) and 0.210 µg/mL of the sample exhibited inhibition of tyrosinase activity by 50.493% and melanin synthesis by 14.680% compared to the control.     

The effects of areca catechu L extract on anti-inflammation and anti-melanogenesis

Ethanolic extract (CC-516) from Areca catechu L was prepared and its various biological activities were evaluated, CC-516 showed potent anti-oxidative, free radical scavenging, and anti-hyaluronidase activity. Anti-oxidative effect of CC-516 (IC _ 50: 45.4 mug/ml) was lower than butylated hydroxytoluene (IC _ 50: 5mug ml), but similar to tocopherol and higher than ascorbic acid. Especially, CC-516 exhibited relatively high free radical scavenging activity (IC _ 50: 10.2 mug/ml) compared to control. CC-516 inhibited effectively hyaluronidase activity (IC _ 50: 416 mug/ml), showed inhibition in vivo on delayed hypersensitivity as well as croton-oil induced ear edema in mice when it was topically applied. These results strongly suggest that CC-516 may reduce immunoregulatory/inflammatory skin trouble. Also, from the results, we have elucidated that CC-516 showed anti-allergic and anti-cytotoxicity activity. The whitening effect of CC-516 shown by the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity with IC _ 50 of 0.48 mg/ml and of melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cells. This study indicates that CC-516 is effective on anti-inflammatory/anti-melanogenesis, and can be used as a new agent for cosmetics.