双重实时荧光PCR检测副溶血性弧菌毒力基因方法的建立和应用

目的 建立一种同时检测副溶血性弧菌两种毒力基因tdh和trh的双重荧光聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法,并对我国2 771株食源性副溶血性弧菌携带的毒力基因进行全面检测.方法 针对副溶血性弧菌tdh和trh毒力基因分别设计荧光PCR引物和探针,优化荧光PCR反应体系及反应程序,建立可同时检测两种毒力基因的双重荧光PCR检测...     

副溶血性弧菌实时荧光定量PCR标准模板的构建和检测方法的建立

目的:构建肉制品副溶血性弧菌实时荧光定量PCR的标准阳性模板和检测方法.方法:以副溶血性弧菌toxR基因上特异性片段为目标,设计并合成引物及Taqman探针,将目标片段连接到PGM-T载体上构建重组质粒,建立实时荧光定量检测体系,并考察方法的灵敏性、特异性、重复性和准确性.结果:构建出副溶血性弧菌荧光定量PCR检测方法的标准模板并建立了相应的检测方法,获得的标准曲线方程为:Y=-3.151 lgX+42.86,灵敏度40copies/反应体系,对副溶血性弧菌具有特异性,同时,该方法具有良好的重复性,变异系数小于5％.结论:使用基于Taqman探针技术的荧光定量PCR检测方法能够对食品中致病性副溶血性弧菌进行快速、简便、准确、高效的定量检测.     

食品中副溶血性弧菌toxR和tdh基因双色荧光PCR检测方法的建立

目的 建立对副溶血性弧菌（Vibrio parahaemolyticus）特异性检测toxR（跨膜转录激活蛋白）基因和tdh（热稳定性直接溶血素）毒力基因的Taqman探针双色荧光PCR检测方法。方法 根据副溶血性弧菌toxR基因和tdh基因,分别设计引物和探针,建立Taqman探针双色荧光PCR扩增体系,进行特异性、灵敏度试验;对副溶血性弧菌分离菌株实施检测,了解其tdh基因和tdh基因分布情况。结果 结果表明,副溶血性弧菌标准菌株和3株从食物中毒患者中分离获得的分离株均出现toxR基因和tdh扩增曲线,而溶藻弧菌、单增李斯特菌等31株弧菌属其他菌株和肠杆菌科的菌株未见扩增曲线。从食品中分离的37株副溶血性弧菌分离株均未携带tdh毒力基因。副溶血性弧菌检测灵敏度可达到3.6×102 cfu/mL。结论 该方法可用于同时检测食品中副溶血性弧菌的特异性和毒力基因。     

多重荧光定量PCR法检测海产品中副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和单增李斯特菌

目的建立检测海产品中副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和单增李斯特菌的多重荧光定量PCR体系。方法针对副溶血性弧菌tlh基因,沙门菌Ompc基因和单增李斯特菌hly基因设计引物和Taq Man探针,建立多重荧光定量PCR体系,进行特异性与敏感性研究;利用该体系检测海产品中的副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和单增李斯特菌。结果副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和单增李斯特菌可得到特异性扩增,而共存于海产品中的其他细菌均未见扩增曲线。敏感性试验显示,该体系对副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和单增李斯特菌的最低检测限分别为72、40、80 cfu/ml。对舟山采集的150份样品进行检测,检出32份副溶血性弧菌、11份沙门菌、5份单增李斯特菌,与国标法检测结果一致。结论本研究建立的基于Taq Man探针的多重荧光定量PCR检测方法可以特异、灵敏、简单快速地实现对海产品中副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和单增李斯特菌的检测。     

运用Real-time PCR建立即食虾中副溶血性弧菌分子预测模型

运用Real-time PCR方法建立不同贮藏温度(4~30℃)下即食虾中副溶血性弧菌分子预测模型。将四株副溶血性弧菌混合接种于即食虾中,利用Real-time PCR定量4~30℃下虾中副溶血性弧菌数量,选用Gompertz模型拟合得到10~30℃下副溶血性弧菌最大比生长速率,并用Linear、Square Root和Ratkowsky模型拟合获得二级分子模型,然后对其验证;选用Weibull、Log-linear及Logistic模型拟合4℃及7℃下副溶血性弧菌的失活曲线。结果表明Gompertz模型R2均在0.97以上,可较好地拟合Real-time PCR定量的副溶血性弧菌生长数据;二级分子模型的R2均在0.94以上,准确因子(Af)和偏差因子(Bf)均在接受范围内,可较好地描绘即食虾中副溶血性弧菌的生长速率与贮藏温度之间的关系,其中Linear模型为最适二级模型;但Real-time PCR方法不适用于建立低温下副溶血性弧菌的失活模型。运用Real-time PCR方法可以建立可靠的一、二级分子预测模型,为实际样品中目标菌株的预测模型建立提供研究基础。     

基于内参的副溶血性弧菌实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

目的建立基于内参的副溶血性弧菌实时荧光定量PCR方法,快速检测样品中的副溶血性弧菌。方法根据Gen Bank已公布的副溶血性弧菌基因组序列,筛选特异性靶基因,设计特异性引物探针,优化反应体系,并在体系中加入内参(IAC),通过标记不同荧光基团的Taq Man探针来监测IAC,进而实时监控整个PCR反应。按照5~50 cfu/25 g的细菌量人工污染样品,以评价所建立反应的体系。结果以副溶血性弧菌基因组DNA为模板,最低检测限为1 pg/μl;以10倍梯度稀释的菌液经水煮法提取的DNA为模板,最低检测限为4×102cfu/ml;以含有gyr B的质粒为模板,最低检测极限可以达到100 copies/μl;建立gyr B和gyr B-IAC标准曲线,Ct值与模板拷贝数均呈良好线性关系(r2=0.999);人工污染初始菌量为7 cfu/25 g时,样品中副溶血性弧菌增菌6 h即可检出。结论本研究所建立的gyr B-IAC实时荧光定量PCR方法,既能有效检测食品中副溶血性弧菌,又能实时监测PCR反应过程,有效防止"假阴性"的发生,结果可靠,有利于实现海产品中副溶血性弧菌实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的标准化。     

食品沙门氏菌实时荧光PCR快速检测方法建立

根据Genbank提供的沙门氏菌ttrBCA基因序列设计引物和探针,建立了食品沙门氏菌实时荧光PCR快速检测方法。结果显示,该方法只对沙门氏菌基因呈阳性反应,而对其它常见非阳性菌株(志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、普通变形杆菌、绿脓杆菌、单增李斯特氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、副溶血性弧菌)基因组DNA均呈阴性反应,对模拟添加沙门氏菌样品检测,检测低限为240cfu/mL沙门氏菌的DNA,检测食品样品增菌液,仅需约3h,结果表明,该方法适用于食品样品的快速检测。     

实时荧光定量PCR检测食品中常见食源性致病菌

建立一种快速、准确检测食品中常见食源性致病菌的方法。通过对食品样品提取基因组DNA和实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative)条件的优化,建立了沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生性李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、志贺氏菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和副溶血弧菌这六种食源性致病菌的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。通过食品样品的检测,同时进行了传统方法验证。研究建立的实时荧光定量PCR鉴定方法具有良好的重复性和准确性,能够2d出具检测报告,具有较强的实际应用价值,可广泛应用于食品快速检测,具有很好的推广应用前景。     

传统发酵豆制品中3种致病菌的三重荧光PCR快速检测方法的建立

为了建立传统发酵豆制品中单增李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的三重荧光PCR快速检测方法。以单增李斯特菌hly A基因、蜡样芽孢杆菌Cereolysin AB基因和金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因为靶基因设计引物与TaqMan探针,通过优化PCR反应体系,建立了可同时检测单增李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的三重荧光定量PCR体系,并进行了特异性和敏感性试验。结果显示,该方法灵敏度高,特异性强,重复性好。对26株非目标菌进行检测,结果均为阴性,而定量检测批内和批间的变异系数均小于2%。单增李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌敏感性试验结果表明,这三种细菌的最低检测浓度分别为3×103cfu/mL、2×104cfu/mL、2×104cfu/mL。应用该方法可在8h内完成对样品中单增李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的同步检测。     

水产品中副溶血性弧菌PMA-ddPCR活菌定量检测方法的研究

本研究旨在针对水产品中活的副溶血性弧菌建立一种快速定量的PCR检测方法。基于叠氮溴化丙锭(PMA)在一定光照条件下能抑制死亡菌DNA扩增,以及微滴式数字PCR技术能将检测精度扩展至单分子目标基因,并实现绝对定量的特点,以副溶血性弧菌tlh基因为目的片段设计及筛选适合的特异性引物与探针,优化反应体系,通过对PMA浓度及曝光条件等优化,建立了一种联用PMA-dd PCR技术快速检测水产品中活的副溶血性弧菌的定量检测方法。研究结果显示:选择16μg/m L作为PMA工作浓度,曝光时间为8 min,此条件下能够完全抑制副溶血性弧菌死菌的DNA扩增并对活菌扩增无影响。通过对比PMA-dd PCR和PMA-q PCR的检测低限分别为2×10~1 cfu/mL、2×10~2 cfu/mL,PMA-dd PCR法的灵敏度比PMA-q PCR法的高。应用PMA-dd PCR定量方法检测人工污染的基围虾和小帆立贝这两种海产品,在基围虾中最低可检出1.9×10~1 cfu/g的副溶血性弧菌、在小帆立贝中最低可检出8.9 cfu/g的副溶血性弧菌。该研究为将PCR技术实际应用于水产品中低量污染、活的副溶血性弧菌的定量检测奠定了基础。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

Contamination of animal feed and food from animal origin with mineral oil hydrocarbons

Oils and fats used for the production of animal feed can become contaminated with mineral oil material originating from gas oils (C₁₈-C₃₅) or synthetic oils (poly alpha olefins, C₂₅ to beyond C₄₅). An important cause is assumed to be the discharge of waste oils, such as motor oil and hydraulic oils. Mineral oil material was analysed by on-line LC-GC-FID directly in the fat or in a raw extract from animal feed or foodstuffs. In Switzerland in summer/autumn 1999 concentrations in oils and fats for feed production were often found to be between 100 and 1000mg/kg. In the feeds, the average concentration was around 100mg/kg with values ranging up to a maximum of 1000mg/kg; few samples were free of contamination. In animal body fat, the average concentration determined in summer 1999 was 25mg/kg, with a maximum of 150mg/kg, although in samples from December 1999, contamination was substantially lower. In the fat phase of eggs, the average concentration was 30mg/kg, with a maximum of 80mg/kg. Paraffin oil is used for feed production, which may account for part of the contamination problem (e.g. eggs).