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1.
杨敏  魏冰  孟橘  沈雷雷  陈文  李婷婷  陈琛 《中国油脂》2019,44(10):110-115
ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸主要包括α-亚麻酸、EPA和DHA,是重要的脂质营养素,广泛存在于植物、鱼类及藻类生物中,能有效促进人体生长发育,具有抗炎、抗癌、预防心脑血管疾病、防治糖尿病和降血脂等重要的生理功能。分别阐述α-亚麻酸、EPA和DHA的来源及生理功能,分析其各自的特点及优势,并对α-亚麻酸的应用前景进行展望。  相似文献   

2.
α-亚麻酸的生理功能及开发研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
α-亚麻酸属n-3系列多不饱和脂肪酸,是人体必需脂肪酸之一,人体自身不能合成,必须靠外界补充。本文对可作为α-亚麻酸开发来源的植物油料和α-亚麻酸的生理功能进行了简单介绍,并对其在国内外食品、药品、日化用品等方面的应用研究现状展开了综述,揭示了α-亚麻酸广阔的应用前景,希望对α-亚麻酸的开发有所帮助。  相似文献   

3.
唐佳芮 《中国油脂》2020,45(8):28-31
α-亚麻酸属n-3系不饱和脂肪酸,具有降低血脂血压、改善心血管疾病、提高记忆力、保护神经组织、预防过敏性疾病、抑制肿瘤细胞转移、延缓衰老等功能。目前,α-亚麻酸的分离纯化方法主要有尿素包合法、低温冷冻结晶法、分子蒸馏法、银离子络合法、柱层析法、β-环糊精包合法及耦合法。综述了α-亚麻酸分离纯化技术的研究进展,总结了各种分离纯化方法的原理及优缺点。从现有的研究结果可看出,单一的分离纯化方法由于其各自的弊端很难得到高纯度的α-亚麻酸,采用两种及两种以上分离纯化技术耦合是获得高纯度α-亚麻酸的有效途径。  相似文献   

4.
利用尿素包合原理主要分析了通过尿素包合分离、提纯α-亚麻酸的过程中包合温度、尿素用量、溶剂配比、包合时间和包合次数等主要操作条件对产品α-亚麻酸的纯度、收率的影响。使α-亚麻酸的浓度由46.7%提高到87.3%,收率53.5%。  相似文献   

5.
《食品与发酵工业》2014,(1):139-142
油菜蜂花粉粉碎后经体积分数90%乙醇回流提取,浓缩后依次经石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,得到石油醚萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物以及萃余物4个部分。其中石油醚萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物具有明显的抗氧作用,并能显著降低D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)和脑组织中单胺氧化酶(MAO)活力(P<0.05)。从石油醚萃取物得到物质主要为3个亚麻酸类化合物,分别为:α-亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸甘油酯、3'-甲氧基-α-亚麻酸甘油酯,从乙酸乙酯萃取物得到的主要物质为3个黄酮类化合物分别为山奈酚-3-O-β-D吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷。表明油菜蜂花粉中抗氧化性活性成分主要为亚麻酸类和黄酮类化合物。  相似文献   

6.
猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸富集纯化的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为获得较高纯度的α-亚麻酸,对猕猴桃籽油中的α-亚麻酸进行了富集纯化研究.采用超临界CO2萃取-精馏技术、超临界CO2萃取-精馏同尿素包合法、Ag 络合法分别结合的方式作为α-亚麻酸富集纯化的方法.结果表明在萃取压力20 Mpa、萃取温度35℃、精馏压力13 Mpa,精馏温度梯度40-55~70-85℃、CO2流量3 800g/h的条件下,精馏得到的α-亚麻酸含量为71.16%;采用15-17-19-21 Mpa程序升压的方式可使α-亚麻酸含量达到73.53%萃馏结合尿素包合法后的α-亚麻酸含量为72.30%;萃馏结合Ag 络合法的α-亚麻酸含量为75.59%.采用上述3种方法均实现了猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化.  相似文献   

7.
富含α-亚麻酸植物资源的开发与利用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
李丽萍  韩涛 《食品科学》2007,28(11):614-618
介绍了α-亚麻酸的保健作用,对亚麻、紫苏、杜仲三种资源的特点和提取利用α-亚麻酸的研究现状进行了综述,并对富含α-亚麻酸植物资源的开发与利用提出了建议。  相似文献   

8.
邵琳雅 《中国油脂》2020,45(11):84-87
在170 ℃和200 ℃下进行亚麻籽油煎炸薯条研究,比较不同温度煎炸过程中α-亚麻酸的反式异构化情况及α-亚麻酸反式异构体在煎炸油和煎炸薯条中的分布情况,并探究了α-亚麻酸反式异构体含量与其他油脂劣变指标(酸价、过氧化值、p-茴香胺值,总极性物质含量)的相关性。结果表明:煎炸使煎炸油中α-亚麻酸反式异构体含量显著增加(p<0.05),200 ℃煎炸温度下的增加趋势更明显,且温度是主要影响因素;煎炸薯条油脂的α-亚麻酸反式异构体含量小于煎炸油的,且170 ℃较200 ℃差异更显著;煎炸亚麻籽油中的α-亚麻酸反式异构体含量与酸价、总极性物质含量成显著正相关,且与前者的相关性更强,说明α-亚麻酸反式异构体的生成与煎炸油品质劣变有关,尤其是水解反应。  相似文献   

9.
α-亚麻酸的分离与纯化技术研究进展   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
α-亚麻酸作为一种对人体健康起着重要作用的多不饱和脂肪酸,具有其特殊的理化性质和独特的生理功能,分离纯化技术是α-亚麻酸工业化生产的关键技术之一.本文对目前采用的α-亚麻酸的主要分离与纯化技术进行了综述,分析了各自的优缺点,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望.  相似文献   

10.
尿素包合法富集纯化杜仲籽油α-亚麻酸的工艺优化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用二次正交旋转组合设计,对尿素包合法富集纯化杜仲籽油中α-亚麻酸的工艺进行了优化研究.在单因素实验的基础上,以α-亚麻酸纯度为考察指标,考察了尿素与脂肪酸质量比、95%乙醇与脂肪酸质量比、包合温度、包合时间等四个实验因素对α-亚麻酸富集效果的影响,建立了二次多元回归方程预测模型.实验结果表明α-亚麻酸最佳富集工艺条件为:尿素与脂肪酸质量比为3∶1,95%乙醇与脂肪酸质量比为9∶1,包合温度为-9.0℃,包合时间为17.0h.在此最佳富集条件下,α-亚麻酸纯度可提高至82.63%.尿素包合法是富集纯化杜仲籽油α-亚麻酸的有效方法.  相似文献   

11.
Oxylipids are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in cellular membranes and the relative abundance or balance may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Previous studies documented unique oxylipid profiles from cows with either coliform or Streptococcus uberis mastitis, suggesting that lipid mediator biosynthesis may be dependent on the type of microbial-derived agonist. Changing the fatty acid content of peripheral blood leukocytes also may be critical to the relative expression of oxylipid profiles and the outcome of bacterial infection. No information is available in dairy cows describing how changing cellular PUFA content will modify oxylipids in the context of a microbial agonist challenge. Therefore, the hypothesis for the current study was that PUFA supplementation would change bovine leukocyte fatty acid content and respective oxylipid profiles from ex vivo microbial agonist-challenged leukocytes. Fatty acid content of leukocytes and plasma was quantified in (1) samples from cows not supplemented with PUFA, (2) cows supplemented with linoleic acid (LnA), and (3) cows supplemented with α-linolenic acid (ALA). Plasma oxylipids were assessed after S. uberis or lipopolysaccharide exposure and was compared with unstimulated oxylipid profiles. Fatty acid supplementation with ALA significantly increased ALA content of blood leukocytes and plasma relative to LnA. Fatty acid supplementation affected several S. uberis-induced oxylipids, but only S. uberis-induced 15-oxoETE was greater with ALA supplementation compared with LnA. Notably, only LPS-induced 5,6 LXA4 was altered with fatty acid supplementation, but no significant effect of LnA vs. ALA treatment was identified. Future studies are needed to understand how leukocyte activation and membrane PUFA availability collectively contribute to differential oxylipid profiles.  相似文献   

12.
采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定不同泌乳期母乳中脂肪酸的动态变化,并分析乳母血型、生育年龄、孕周、孕前身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、分娩方式和婴儿性别、胎次对成熟母乳中与婴儿生长发育直接相关的重要多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA),亚油酸(linoleic acid,LA)、α-亚麻酸(α-linolenic acid,ALA)、花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA),二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)相对含量的影响。结果显示,饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)含量在初乳和成熟乳间差异显著(P0.05),单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)含量随着泌乳期的延长逐渐降低,但差异不显著(P0.05),PUFA含量在各泌乳期无显著差异(P0.05),AA、DHA含量随着泌乳期的延长逐渐降低,在初乳、过渡乳中含量差异均不显著(P0.05),但均显著高于成熟乳中含量(P0.05);母乳中LA含量与婴儿性别有关,ALA含量与乳母孕前BMI有关,母乳中AA、EPA含量与乳母血型有关,DHA含量与乳母孕前BMI、乳母血型有关,均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。  相似文献   

13.
Linseed has been used for a very long time in human and animal nutrition. Currently, there is an increasing interest in linseed oil because of its particularly high content in α-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid (FA). Unfortunately, ALA turns also the oil extremely sensitive to oxidation. This study aimed at assessing four pure representative phenolic compounds, myricetin (flavonol), (+)-catechin (flavanol), genistein (isoflavone), and caffeic acid (hydroxycinnamic acid) at a concentration of 555 μmol/kg as antioxidants in refined linseed oil (RLO). Their protective effect was assessed by monitoring the hydroperoxide formation, the FA profile and the residual antioxidant concentration in RLO, along its storage at 60 °C according to the Schaal oven test procedure. Caffeic acid, (+)-catechin and myricetin were found to be more efficient than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), a synthetic antioxidant. Interestingly, myricetin strongly reduced ALA oxidation. These results confirm that the chemical structure of the phenolic compounds plays a major role in their antioxidant properties.  相似文献   

14.
This study aims at relating the survival at 4 °C for 28 days in organic and conventional fermented milks of three strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB12, B94 and BL04), in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus TA040 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB340, to milk fatty acids profile. Cultivability after 28 days of cold storage was improved in organic fermented milks as compared to conventional products, with slight differences among strains. In addition, the poly-unsaturated fatty acids fraction was higher in organic products, as well as the relative trans-vaccenic (TVA) and α-linolenic (ALA) fatty acids contents that were respectively 1.7 and 2.4 times higher in organic than in conventional fermented milks. From these results, it was concluded that elevated levels of TVA and ALA, together with a lower ratio between linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, as found in organic products, improved the survival of the bifidobacteria during chilled storage.  相似文献   

15.
Vegetable oil blends with modified fatty acid profile are being developed to improve n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) ratio in edible oils. The objective of this study is to develop vegetable oil blends with α-linolenic acid (ALA) rich Garden cress oil (GCO) and assess their modulatory effect on lipid metabolism. Sunflower oil (SFO), Rice bran oil (RBO), Sesame oil (SESO) were blended with GCO at different ratios to obtain n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio of 2.3–2.6. Native and GCO blended oils were fed to Wistar rats at 10% level in the diet for 60 days. Serum and liver lipids showed significant decrease in Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), LDL-C levels in GCO and GCO blended oil fed rats compared to native oil fed rats. ALA, EPA, DHA contents were significantly increased while linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA) levels decreased in different tissues of GCO and GCO blended oils fed rats. In conclusion, blending of vegetable oils with GCO increases ALA, decreases n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratio and beneficially modulates lipid profile.  相似文献   

16.
This study investigated the effect of different plant oil-infused and rumen-protected wheat-based pellets containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) on n-3 long-chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) content, fatty acid recovery, and sensory attributes of ripened cheese from dairy sheep. During a 10-wk supplementary feeding trial, 60 dairy ewes balanced by live weight, milk yield, parity, and sire breed were randomly divided into 6 groups that were (1) supplemented with on-farm existing commercial wheat-based pellets without oil inclusion (control) or supplemented with wheat-based pellets infused with 50 mL/kg dry matter of oils from (2) canola, (3) rice bran, (4) flaxseed, (5) safflower, and (6) rumen-protected EPA + DHA. Milk samples from each treatment were collected separately by sire breed during the experimental period for cheese processing at the end of the experiment. Twelve batches of cheese (2 batches per treatment) were processed and ripened for 120 d. Three cheese samples were collected and analyzed for each cheese making session (total of 36 cheese samples) at d 120 of ripening. Processed cheese of rumen-protected EPA + DHA had the most efficiency at elevating total n-3 LC-PUFA [total EPA + DHA + docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-3] content compared with the control (0.49 vs. 0.28%). Flaxseed elicited the greatest enhancement of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), whereas safflower was the most effective diet in enhancing the level of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) in cheese (1.29 vs. 0.71% and 4.8 vs. 3.3%, respectively). Parallel recoveries of n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA were observed across all treatments except for α-linolenic acid and EPA. Cheese eating sensory traits were also highly affected by oil supplementation, with the highest score of 7.5 in cheese from the rice bran and flaxseed treatments. These results provide new insights into the biological mechanisms and processes that determine dairy ewe milk productivity by underpinning the vital biological role of n-3 LC-PUFA in not only enhancing the healthy composition of cheese from ewes but also translating it into consumer acceptability.  相似文献   

17.
为探求阿胶、驴骨胶在脂肪酸组成方面的差异性,利用气相色谱法初步构建了驴骨、驴皮与阿胶中总脂肪酸成分的指纹图谱,并对阿胶、驴皮中特异性脂肪酸亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸的含量进行了比较研究。结果表明,驴皮、阿胶总脂肪酸的气相色谱指纹图谱具有较高相似性,除阿胶中含有植物油成分-花生酸(29.00)外,其它脂肪酸成分完全吻合;与驴皮、阿胶相比,驴骨的气相色谱指纹图谱则表现出一定的差异性,除缺少亚油酸(28.19)、γ-亚麻酸(29.50)外,驴骨中还含有多种特异性脂肪酸:羊脂酸(11.04)、十五烷酸(22.50)、11,14-二十碳二烯酸(30.95)。同时,作为特异性脂肪酸,亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸在驴皮(12.90%、1.10%)和阿胶(45.25%、5.48%)中具有较高的含量。综上所述,通过构建驴骨、驴皮与阿胶中总脂肪酸成分的指纹图谱以及阿胶中亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸含量测定可以为阿胶质量控制提供参考。  相似文献   

18.
Sufficient maternal supply of essential fatty acids (EFA) to neonatal calves is critical for calf development. In the modern dairy cow, EFA supply has shifted from α-linolenic acid (ALA) to linoleic acid (LA) due to the replacement of pasture feeding by corn silage–based diets. As a consequence of reduced pasture feeding, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) provision by rumen biohydrogenation was also reduced. The present study investigated the fatty acid (FA) status and performance of neonatal calves descended from dams receiving corn silage–based diets and random supplementation of either 76 g/d coconut oil (CTRL; n = 9), 78 g/d linseed oil and 4 g/d safflower oil (EFA; n-6/n-3 FA ratio = 1:3; n = 9), 38 g/d Lutalin (BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany) providing 27% cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA, respectively (CLA; n = 9), or a combination of EFA and CLA (EFA+CLA; n = 11) in the last 9 wk before parturition and following lactation. The experimental period comprised the first 5 d of life, during which calves received colostrum and transition milk from their own dam. The nutrient compositions of colostrum and transition milk were analyzed. Plasma samples were taken after birth and before first colostrum intake and on d 5 of life for FA analyses of the total plasma fat and lipid fractions. Maternal EFA and CLA supplementation partly affected colostrum and transition milk composition but did not change the body weights of calves. Most EFA in calves were found in the phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol ester (CE) fractions of the plasma fat. Maternal EFA supplementation increased the percentage of ALA in all lipid fractions of EFA and EFA+CLA compared with CTRL and CLA calves on d 1 and 5, and the increase was much greater on d 5 than on d 1. The LA concentration increased from d 1 to 5 in the plasma fat and lipid fractions of all groups. The concentrations of docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid in plasma fat were higher on d 1 than on d 5, and the percentage of n-3 metabolites was mainly increased in PL if dams received EFA. The percentage of cis-9,trans-11 CLA was higher in the plasma fat of EFA+CLA than CTRL calves after birth. By d 5, the percentages of both CLA isomers increased, leading to higher proportions in plasma fat of CLA and EFA+CLA than in CTRL and EFA calves. Elevated cis-9,trans-11 CLA enrichment was observed on d 5 in PL, CE, and triglycerides of CLA-treated calves, whereas trans-10,cis-12 CLA could not be detected in individual plasma fractions. These results suggest that an altered maternal EFA and CLA supply can reach the calf via the placenta and particularly via the intake of colostrum and transition milk, whereas the n-3 and n-6 FA metabolites partly indicated a greater transfer via the placenta. Furthermore, the nutrient supply via colostrum and transition milk might be partly modulated by an altered maternal EFA and CLA supply but without consequences on calf performance during the first 5 d of life.  相似文献   

19.
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is the parent essential fatty acid of the omega-3 family. This family includes docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which has been conserved in neural signaling systems in the cephalopods, fish, amphibian, reptiles, birds, mammals, primates, and humans. This extreme conservation, in spite of wide genomic changes of over 500 million years, testifies to the uniqueness of this molecule in the brain and affirms the importance of omega-3 fatty acids. While DHA and its close precursor, eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA), have received much attention by the research community, ALA, as the precursor of both, has been considered of little interest. There are many papers on ALA requirements in experimental animals. Unlike humans, rats and mice can readily convert ALA to EPA and DHA, so it is unclear whether the effect is solely due to the conversion products or to ALA itself. The intrinsic role of ALA has yet to be defined. This paper will discuss both recent and historical findings related to this distinctive group of fatty acids, and will highlight the physiological significance of the omega-3 family.  相似文献   

20.
不同品种紫苏种子营养成分及脂肪酸组分分析   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0  
本研究对10个不同品种紫苏种子粗脂肪、蛋白质和纤维素含量进行了测定,并对其脂肪酸组分进行了气相色谱分析.结果表明,10个不同品种紫苏种子粗脂肪、粗蛋白和纤维素含量存在显著差异,变化幅度为粗脂肪34.0% ~45.2%,粗蛋白18.5%~21.8%,纤维素19.0%~25.1%.紫苏总脂肪酸中,棕榈酸占0.18%~1.42%,硬脂酸占0.32% ~ 1.86%,油酸占11.42%~23.06%,亚油酸占9.97%~ 13.02%,α-亚麻酸占58.48%~71.23%,不饱和脂肪酸占到总脂肪酸的93.32%~95.43%.ZS -5和ZS -9两个品种粗脂肪含量高,α-亚麻酸比例大,是榨油和α-亚麻酸工业化分离提取的优良资源.  相似文献   

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