超声—果胶酶协同提取山楂类黄酮的工艺优化

为了优化果胶酶作用下水提取山楂类黄酮的超声提取工艺,通过单因素试验和正交试验得到超声辅助果胶酶提取山楂类黄酮的最佳工艺为:预煮时间30 min,超声时间50min,超声温度50℃,超声功率150W。该条件下,提取的山楂汁中类黄酮含量为335.32mg/100mL。与传统水浴振荡提取比较,超声波辅助显著缩短了类黄酮的提取时间。     

超声提取蒿籽油工艺条件的探讨

本文采用超声-溶剂法提取蒿籽油，通过单因素试验和正交试验，探讨了超声功率、超声温度、超声时间、浸提温度、浸提时间和溶剂固液比对蒿籽出油率的影响，研究结果表明，粉碎度40目、固液比1：4、超声功率50W、超声温度50℃、超声时间30min、浸提温度50℃、浸提时间3h，此条件下蒿籽的出油率为4.23g，出油率21．1％，提取率为91．0％。通过与溶剂提取法对比，证明超声是一种可靠、高效的提取蒿籽油的方法。     

超声辅助提取花生红衣中原花青素

为探究花生红衣中原花青素的提取效果,在超声辅助提取的基础上,结合水浴浸提以提高提取效果,并利用正交试验对工艺进行优化。结果表明,各因素影响原花青素提取效果的主次顺序为：超声时间＞乙醇体积分数＞料液比＞超声温度;提取最佳条件为：超声时间15 min、乙醇体积分数60%、料液比1∶45（g/mL）、超声温度35℃、水浴温度50℃、水浴时间50 min,在此条件下原花青素提取率为9.07%。     

超声提取蒿籽油工艺条件的探讨

本文采用超声-溶剂法提取蒿籽油,通过单因素试验和正交试验,探讨了超声功率、超声温度、超声时间、浸提温度、浸提时间和溶剂固液比对蒿籽出油率的影响,研究结果表明,粉碎度40目、固液比1∶4、超声功率50W、超声温度50℃、超声时间30min、浸提温度50℃、浸提时间3h,此条件下蒿籽的出油率为4.23g,出油率21.1%,提取率为91.0%.通过与溶剂提取法对比,证明超声是一种可靠、高效的提取蒿籽油的方法.     

香蕉多糖提取技术研究

采用酶法提取香蕉多糖,通过设计正交试验优化提取工艺,考察超声波工作功率、超声波提取时间、酶解p H值及酶解时间四个因素对香蕉多糖提取得率的影响。结果表明,在采用复合酶酶解及提取温度为50℃的条件下,超声波提取影响较大,酶法影响次之最佳的提取工艺条件为超声功率200W,超声提取时间60min,酶解p H值为6.00,酶解时间为120min。     

脉冲超声辅助提取灵芝多糖的试验研究

以灵芝饮片为原料,用脉冲超声辅助提取灵芝多糖,由单因素试验和正交试验确定的最佳提取工艺参数为超声功率1500W、液料初始温度80℃、提取时间90min、液料比50︰1mL/g、脉冲超声间歇时间1s、工作时间3s。在此条件下,灵芝多糖的提取率为3.39%。与传统水提法相比,在液料初始温度和液料比取值相当的情况下,用脉冲超声辅助提取,多糖的提取率提高了26.02%,提取时间缩短了50%。     

动物色素-龙虾壳红色素的超声强化提取工艺优化

研究了以龙虾壳为原料,用95%食用乙醇作溶剂,在超声场的介入下对龙虾壳红色素提取率的影响。试验结果表明:超声场的介入有利于龙虾壳红色素的提取;并通过均匀试验设计确定了最佳提取工艺条件:超声功率90%、超声时间75min、超声温度50℃,在此条件下龙虾壳红色素的提取率可达85%。对比试验结果显示:超声场介入的最佳提取工艺比传统提取工艺提高35%。     

脱水番茄中番茄红素提取工艺研究

采用正交试验法研究了以乙酸乙酯为提取溶剂,超声辅助提取技术从脱水番茄中提取番茄红素的工艺条件。正交试验的方差分析表明,提取温度、超声作用的时间和总提取时间对番茄红素提取率的影响均极为显著,而提取温度是影响提取率的最主要因素。进一步的研究表明,在40℃以下的低温萃取时,超声波作用对番茄红素提取具有非常明显的促进作用,而随着提取温度的提高,其对番茄红素的提取率所起的促进作用逐渐减小。当提取温度在50～60℃时,15min的超声作用可以使番茄红素的提取率在30min内达到较高,当总提取时间达到60min以上时,是否采用超声波进行辅助提取对番茄红素的总提取率已无明显作用,而温度较高时较长的超声作用时间对样品中的番茄红素还会产生一定的负面影响。     

芝麻蛋白的超声提取工艺研究

本文采用超声辅助碱液法提取麻渣中的芝麻蛋白,首先对影响提取率的5个因素即固液比、提取液pH、超声温度、超声时间、超声功率分别做了单因素试验,然后在单因素的基础上根据L9（3^4）设计正交试验,得到最佳提取条件为：固液比1：20、提取液pH值11、超声温度70℃、超声时间50min、超声功率500W。蛋白质提取率为83.38%。     

超声辅助提取薄荷中总黄酮的工艺研究

以薄荷为原料,以总黄酮含量为指标,采用超声辅助工艺提取了薄荷中总黄酮。分别研究了乙醇体积分数、料液比、超声时间、超声温度对总黄酮提取率的影响,通过正交试验优化了提取工艺。结果表明总黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数50%、料液比1:25、超声时间25min、超声温度55℃。在此最佳条件下提取,总黄酮含量可达6.71%。     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

山药水溶性多糖的提取及抗氧化性研究

研究山药水溶性多糖的提取及其抗氧化作用。方法是将小鼠分别口服给予山药水溶性多糖，每天1次，连续给药15d，取血测过氧化物酶（POD）活性，取血、肝、肾测超氧化物歧化酶（sOD）活性，脂质过氧化产物（MDA）含量。山药多糖物可显著提高POD活性及血、肝、肾的SOD活性，并减少血、肝、肾组织中MDA的含量。山药水溶性多糖有提高小鼠体内过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性及减少脂质过氧化产物的抗氧化作用。     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

基于复合运动理论推导求点的速度及加速度的球坐标法

本文基于点的复合运动理论,用球坐标法推导出点的速度及加速度的计算公式,进一步论证了理论力学中点的速度,加速度公式的正确性。     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。